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1. 发明授权

US4468231A Cation ion exchange of coal 失效
标题翻译：阳离子交换煤
公开(公告)号：US4468231A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-28
申请号：US373883
申请日：1982-05-03
申请人： William Bartok , Howard Freund , Ronald Liotta
发明人： William Bartok , Howard Freund , Ronald Liotta
IPC分类号： C10L9/02 , C10L9/06
CPC分类号： C10L9/02 , Y10S44/905
摘要： Disclosed is a one-step ion-exchange method for organically bonding alkali and alkaline-earth metals onto coal. The method comprises contacting the coal, at a temperature from about 20.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C. with, (a) an aqueous solution containing cations of one or more metals selected from the group consisting of alkali and alkaline-earth metals, and (b) an oxidizing gas.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于将碱金属和碱土金属有机结合到煤上的一步离子交换方法。该方法包括在约20℃至约100℃的温度下接触煤，（a）含有一种或多种选自碱金属和碱土金属的金属的阳离子的水溶液，和（b）氧化气体。

2. 发明授权

US4259084A Pretreatment of solid, naturally-occurring carbonaceous material 失效
标题翻译：固体，天然碳质材料的预处理
公开(公告)号：US4259084A
公开(公告)日：1981-03-31
申请号：US62809
申请日：1979-08-01
申请人： Ronald Liotta
发明人： Ronald Liotta
IPC分类号： C10G1/00 , C10G1/08 , C10L9/02
CPC分类号： C10G1/086 , C10G1/00 , C10G1/006
摘要： Solid, naturally-occurring carbonaceous materials such as coal, lignite, peat and the like are treated by oxygen-alkylation or oxygen-acylation employing a phase transfer reaction under mild conditions. The treated coal may then be liquefied, gasified, pyrolyzed, solubilized or otherwise further processed to obtain useful products therefrom. For example, liquid products derived from coal so treated are more compatible with petroleum products and evidence lower viscosity and boiling range than liquid products not so treated. The solubility of coal bottoms is increased in common organic solvents as compared with coal bottoms derived from untreated coal.The phase transfer reaction chemically alters phenolic and carboxylic functional substituents. These two very polar functional groups are converted to relatively non-polar ethers and esters, respectively. The O-alkylation or O-acylation is carried out in a binary liquid phase solution (organic and water phases with a solid phase suspended in the medium). A quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salt is reacted with alkali metal or alkaline earth metal base to produce the corresponding quaternary ammonium or phosphonium base. This quaternary base is non-nucleophilic and readily removes the phenolic and carboxylic protons but does little else to the coal structures. After the removal of weakly acidic protons by the base, the phenoxides and carboxylates which are produced then undergo O-alkylation or O-acylation.
摘要翻译：通过在温和条件下进行相转移反应的氧 - 烷基化或氧酰化处理固体，天然存在的碳质材料如煤，褐煤，泥炭等。然后处理的煤可以被液化，气化，热解，溶解或以其它方式进一步加工，从而获得有用的产物。例如，如此处理的来自煤的液体产品与石油产品更相容，并且比未经处理的液体产品具有更低的粘度和沸程。与来自未处理煤的煤底物相比，普通有机溶剂中煤底物的溶解度增加。相转移反应化学改变酚和羧基官能取代基。这两个非常极性的官能团分别转化成相对非极性的醚和酯。 O-烷基化或O-酰化在二元液相溶液（固相悬浮于介质中的有机相和水相）中进行。使季铵盐或鏻盐与碱金属或碱土金属的碱反应生成相应的季铵或鏻碱。这种四元碱是非亲核的，容易除去酚和羧基质子，但对煤结构几乎没有其他的。在通过碱除去弱酸性质子后，所生产的苯氧基和羧酸酯经历O-烷基化或O-酰化。

3. 发明授权

US4363714A O-Alkylated/O-acylated coal liquids 失效
标题翻译： O-烷基化/ O-酰化煤液体
公开(公告)号：US4363714A
公开(公告)日：1982-12-14
申请号：US216627
申请日：1980-12-15
申请人： Ronald Liotta , Martin L. Gorbaty
发明人： Ronald Liotta , Martin L. Gorbaty
IPC分类号： C10G1/00 , C10G1/06
CPC分类号： C10G1/006 , C10G1/00 , C10G1/002
摘要： Coal liquids are disclosed wherein the hydrogen of substantially all of the hydroxyl groups of the coal liquids have been replaced with C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl or acyl groups.
摘要翻译：公开了煤液体，其中煤液体中基本上所有羟基的氢被C1至C20烷基或酰基代替。

4. 发明授权

US5958224A Process for deep desulfurization using combined hydrotreating-oxidation 失效
标题翻译：使用联合加氢处理氧化进行深度脱硫的方法
公开(公告)号：US5958224A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-28
申请号：US134300
申请日：1998-08-14
申请人： Teh Chung Ho , Chang Samuel Hsu , Gerald Dennis Dupre , Ronald Liotta , Viktor Buchholz
发明人： Teh Chung Ho , Chang Samuel Hsu , Gerald Dennis Dupre , Ronald Liotta , Viktor Buchholz
IPC分类号： C10G25/00 , C10G27/10 , C10G67/06 , C10G67/12 , C10G67/14 , C10G29/00
CPC分类号： C10G67/12
摘要： The instant invention is directed to a process for removing hard sulfurs from hydrocarbon streams by selectively oxidizing hard sulfurs in a hydrotreated stream, under oxidizing conditions in the presence of an effective amount of an oxidizing agent, wherein the oxidizing agent is a peroxometal complex and wherein the hard sulfurs are oxidized into the corresponding sulfoxides and sulfones.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种通过在氧化条件下在有效量的氧化剂存在下选择性地氧化加氢处理物流中的硬硫而从烃流中除去硬硫的方法，其中氧化剂是过氧金属络合物，其中硬硫磺被氧化成相应的亚砜和砜。

5. 发明授权

US4372750A O-Alkylated/O-acylated coal and coal bottoms 失效
标题翻译： O-烷基化/ O-酰化煤和煤底
公开(公告)号：US4372750A
公开(公告)日：1983-02-08
申请号：US213749
申请日：1980-12-08
申请人： Ronald Liotta
发明人： Ronald Liotta
IPC分类号： C10G1/00 , C10G1/08 , C10L9/02 , C10L5/00
CPC分类号： C10G1/00 , C10G1/006 , C10G1/086 , C10L9/02
摘要： Coal and coal bottoms characterized by having the hydrogens of substantially all of the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, of the coal and coal bottoms replaced with C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl or acyl groups.
摘要翻译：特征在于具有基本上所有羟基和羧基的氢的煤和煤底物的煤和煤底物被C1至C20烷基或酰基取代。

6. 发明授权

US4300994A Method for producing coke 失效
标题翻译：生产焦炭的方法
公开(公告)号：US4300994A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-17
申请号：US164170
申请日：1980-06-30
申请人： Ronald Liotta
发明人： Ronald Liotta
IPC分类号： C10G1/00 , C10G1/02 , C10L9/02 , C10B57/04
CPC分类号： C10G1/02 , C10G1/00 , C10G1/006 , C10L9/02
摘要： Disclosed is a method for improving the caking properties of coals by use of quaternary base solutions. Caking properties of various coals can be upgraded for the production of metallurgical grade coke, preferably with a substantially reduced mineral matter content.
摘要翻译：公开了通过使用四级碱溶液来改善煤的结块性能的方法。可以升级各种煤的结块性能，用于生产冶金级焦炭，优选具有显着降低的矿物质含量。

7. 发明授权

US4299684A Demineralization of coal 失效
标题翻译：煤矿脱矿
公开(公告)号：US4299684A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-10
申请号：US164240
申请日：1980-06-30
申请人： Ronald Liotta
发明人： Ronald Liotta
IPC分类号： B03B9/00 , C10G1/00 , C10B57/04
CPC分类号： C10G1/00 , B03B9/005
摘要： Disclosed is a method for comminuting and simultaneously removing mineral matter from coal by first treating the coal with a quaternary base solution, such as tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, then physically separating the mineral matter by any conventional separation technique based on the density differences of two materials.
摘要翻译：本发明公开了一种通过首先用四碱金属氢氧化物处理煤，然后通过任何常规的分离技术，基于两种材料的密度差来物理分离矿物质，从煤粉碎并同时除去矿物质的方法。

8. 发明授权

US4259168A Treatment of coal to increase yields and improve physical characteristics of coal liquefaction distillates and bottoms 失效
标题翻译：煤的处理提高产量，改善煤液化馏出物和塔底物的物理特性
公开(公告)号：US4259168A
公开(公告)日：1981-03-31
申请号：US69064
申请日：1979-08-23
申请人： Ronald Liotta
发明人： Ronald Liotta
IPC分类号： C10G1/00 , C10G1/08 , C10B57/04
CPC分类号： C10G1/00 , C10G1/006 , C10G1/086
摘要： Treatment of weakly acidic protons in coal by oxygen-alkylation or oxygen-acylation employing a phase transfer reaction under mild conditions increases the yield, lowers the viscosity and boiling ranges of coal liquefaction distillates and renders these coal liquids more compatible with petroleum liquids. The process also improves the compatibility with petroleum liquids of the coal liquefaction bottoms and their solubility in common organic solvents.The phase transfer reaction chemically alters phenolic and carboxylic functional substituents. These two very polar functional groups are converted to relatively non-polar ethers and esters, respectively. The O-alkylation or O-acylation is carried out in a binary liquid phase solution (organic and water phases with a solid phase suspended in the medium). A quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salt is reacted with alkali or alkaline earth base (caustic) to produce the corresponding quaternary ammonium or phosphonium base (an example of a phase transfer reagent). This quaternary base is non-nucleophilic and readily removes the phenolic and carboxylic protons, but does little else to the coal structures. After the removal of the weakly acidic protons by the quaternary base, the phenoxides and carboxylates which are produced then under O-alkylation or O-acylation. The alkylating or acylating agent comprises a carbon-bearing functional group and a displaceable leaving group.
摘要翻译：通过在温和条件下进行相转移反应，通过氧烷基化或氧酰化处理煤中的弱酸性质子提高了产率，降低了煤液化馏出物的粘度和沸程，并使这些煤液体与石油液体更相容。该方法还提高了与液化石油液体相关的煤液化塔底物及其在普通有机溶剂中的溶解度。相转移反应化学改变酚和羧基官能取代基。这两个非常极性的官能团分别转化成相对非极性的醚和酯。 O-烷基化或O-酰化在二元液相溶液（固相悬浮于介质中的有机相和水相）中进行。使季铵盐或鏻盐与碱金属或碱土碱（苛性碱）反应生成相应的季铵或鏻碱（相转移试剂的实例）。这种四碱基是非亲核的并且容易除去酚和羧基质子，但对煤结构几乎没有其他的。在通过季碱去除弱酸性质子后，然后在O-烷基化或O-酰化下产生的苯氧化物和羧酸盐。烷基化或酰化剂包括含碳官能团和可置换的离去基团。

9. 发明授权

US4300995A Oxygen-alkylation of carbonous material and products thereof 失效
标题翻译：碳材料的氧烷基化及其制品
公开(公告)号：US4300995A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-17
申请号：US164239
申请日：1980-06-30
申请人： Ronald Liotta
发明人： Ronald Liotta
IPC分类号： C10G1/00 , C10G19/00 , C10L9/02 , C10B57/04
CPC分类号： C10G19/00 , C10G1/00 , C10L9/02
摘要： Disclosed is a method for improving the properties of carbonous materials and products thereof by oxygen-alkylation. The carbonous material is treated with a quaternary base then heated to temperatures from about 100.degree. C. to 400.degree. C.
摘要翻译：公开了通过氧烷基化改善碳材料及其制品的性能的方法。碳素材料用四价碱处理，然后加热至约100℃至400℃的温度。

10. 发明授权

US4259173A Treatment of coal liquids 失效
标题翻译：煤液处理
公开(公告)号：US4259173A
公开(公告)日：1981-03-31
申请号：US069066
申请日：1979-08-23
申请人： Ronald Liotta , Martin L. Gorbaty
发明人： Ronald Liotta , Martin L. Gorbaty
IPC分类号： C10G1/00
CPC分类号： C10G1/00 , C10G1/002 , C10G1/006
摘要： Coal liquids are rendered compatible with petroleum liquids by selective oxygen alkylation or oxygen acylation of weakly acidic protons such as phenolic and carboxylic functionalities by means of a phase transfer reaction. Phenolic and carboxylic functional substituents, which are very polar, are converted to relatively non-polar ethers and esters, respectively. The O-alkylation or O-acylation is carried out in a binary liquid phase solution (organic/water). A quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salt is reacted with alkali or alkaline earth base (caustic) to produce the corresponding quaternary ammonium or phosphonium base (an example of a phase transfer reagent). This quaternary base is non-nucleophilic and readily removes the phenolic and carboxylic protons, but does little else to the coal liquid molecules. After the removal of the weakly acidic protons by the quaternary base, the phenoxides and carboxylates which are produced then undergo O-alkylation or O-acylation. The alkylating or acylating agent comprises a carbon-bearing functionality and a displaceable leaving group. The O-alkylation or O-acylation reduces hydrogen bonding and therefore polarity, thereby rendering coal liquids more compatible with petroleum liquids.
摘要翻译：煤液体通过相转移反应的选择性氧烷基化或弱酸性质子如酚和羧酸官能团的氧酰化而与石油液体相容。非常极性的酚和羧酸官能性取代基分别转化为相对非极性的醚和酯。 O-烷基化或O-酰化在二元液相溶液（有机/水）中进行。使季铵盐或鏻盐与碱金属或碱土碱（苛性碱）反应生成相应的季铵或鏻碱（相转移试剂的实例）。这种四元碱是非亲核的并且容易地除去酚和羧基质子，但对煤液分子也没有什么作用。在通过季碱去除弱酸性质子后，所生产的苯氧基和羧酸酯经历O-烷基化或O-酰化。烷基化或酰化剂包含含碳官能团和可置换的离去基团。 O-烷基化或O-酰化降低氢键并因此降低极性，从而使煤液体与石油液体更相容。

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