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1. 发明申请

US20130180914A1 Long-term Sequestration of Uranium in Iron-Rich and Iron-Enriched Sediment 审中-公开
标题翻译：铀富铁富铁沉积物长期封存铀
公开(公告)号：US20130180914A1
公开(公告)日：2013-07-18
申请号：US13529811
申请日：2012-06-21
申请人： Wei-Min Wu , Xin Du , Craig S. Criddle
发明人： Wei-Min Wu , Xin Du , Craig S. Criddle
IPC分类号： B09C1/00
CPC分类号： B09C1/002 , B09C1/08 , G21F9/06
摘要： In situ formation of U(VI)-Fe(III) oxides and hydroxides can provide effective uranium remediation. The reason for this is that such compounds can effectively sequester uranium, even in the (VI) oxidation state. Such compounds can be formed in situ by 1) providing Fe(II), 2) reducing uranium to U(IV), and 3) oxidizing the resulting mixture to provide the desired U(VI)-Fe(III) oxides and hydroxides.
摘要翻译： U（VI）-Fe（III）氧化物和氢氧化物的原位形成可提供有效的铀修复。其原因是这种化合物即使在（VI）氧化态也能有效地螯合铀。这种化合物可以通过1）提供Fe（II），2）将铀还原成U（IV），和3）氧化所得混合物以提供所需的U（VI）-Fe（III）氧化物和氢氧化物，从而原位形成。

2. 发明申请

US20120028321A1 High Solids Fermentation for Synthesis of Polyhydroxyalkanoates From Gas Substrates 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于从气体底物合成聚羟基链烷酸酯的高固体发酵
公开(公告)号：US20120028321A1
公开(公告)日：2012-02-02
申请号：US12901343
申请日：2010-10-08
申请人： Craig S. Criddle , Wei-Min Wu , Gary D. Hopkins , Eric R. Sundstrom
发明人： Craig S. Criddle , Wei-Min Wu , Gary D. Hopkins , Eric R. Sundstrom
IPC分类号： C12P7/42
CPC分类号： C12P7/625
摘要： Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) is performed by delivering substrates such as methane in gas phase during a high solids fermentation. Microorganisms are grown under balanced conditions, then gas phase substrates are delivered under unbalanced conditions to produce PHA granules inside the cells. The cells containing these granules are lysed and the bioplastic powder recovered. The balanced phase growth may occur in submerged liquid cultures or attached as biofilms to a surface.
摘要翻译：聚羟基链烷酸酯（PHA）的生产通过在高固体发酵过程中以气相递送诸如甲烷的基质来进行。微生物在平衡条件下生长，然后气相底物在不平衡条件下输送以在细胞内产生PHA颗粒。将含有这些颗粒的细胞裂解并回收生物塑料粉末。平衡相生长可能发生在浸没液体培养物中或作为生物膜附着到表面。

3. 发明申请

US20130071890A1 Production of PHA using Biogas as Feedstock and Power Source 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用沼气作为原料和电源生产PHA
公开(公告)号：US20130071890A1
公开(公告)日：2013-03-21
申请号：US13421771
申请日：2012-03-15
申请人： Craig S. Criddle , John R. Hart , Wei-Min Wu , Eric R. Sundstrom , Margaret C. Morse , Sarah L. Billington , Katherine H. Rostkowski , Curtis W. Frank
发明人： Craig S. Criddle , John R. Hart , Wei-Min Wu , Eric R. Sundstrom , Margaret C. Morse , Sarah L. Billington , Katherine H. Rostkowski , Curtis W. Frank
IPC分类号： C12P7/62
CPC分类号： C12P7/625 , C07D319/12 , C08J11/12 , C08J2367/04 , Y02E50/343 , Y02W30/703
摘要： Methods for producing bioplastics from biogas include techniques for the production of PHB using a dirty biogas (e.g., methane from landfill, digester) as both a power source for the process and as feedstock. Biogas is split into two streams, one for energy to drive the process, another as feedstock. Advantageously, the techniques may be implemented off the power grid with no dependence upon agricultural products for feedstock.
摘要翻译：用于从沼气生产生物塑料的方法包括使用脏生物气体（例如来自垃圾填埋场，蒸煮器的甲烷）作为工艺的动力源和作为原料生产PHB的技术。生物气分为两股，一种是用于驱动该过程的能量，另一种是原料。有利地，这些技术可以从电力网上实施，而不依赖于农产品用于原料。

4. 发明申请

US20130023674A1 Lactide Production from Thermal Depolymerization of PLA with applications to Production of PLA or other bioproducts 审中-公开
标题翻译： PLA的热解聚丙烯酰胺生产应用于生产PLA或其他生物产品
公开(公告)号：US20130023674A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-24
申请号：US13421780
申请日：2012-03-15
申请人： Ramani Narayan , Wei-Min Wu , Craig S. Criddle
发明人： Ramani Narayan , Wei-Min Wu , Craig S. Criddle
IPC分类号： C07D319/12
CPC分类号： C12P7/625 , C07D319/12 , C08J11/12 , C08J2367/04 , Y02E50/343 , Y02W30/703
摘要： Methods and systems are disclosed for producing lactide, which can be used for PLA production or other valuable bioproducts. PLA is heated to undergo thermal depolymerization to recover lactide. The lactide can be used for PLA production or other valuable bioproducts.
摘要翻译：公开了用于生产丙交酯的方法和系统，其可用于PLA生产或其它有价值的生物产物。将PLA加热进行热解聚以回收丙交酯。丙交酯可用于PLA生产或其他有价值的生物产品。

5. 发明授权

US09062340B2 Process for the selection of PHB-producing methanotrophic cultures 有权
标题翻译：用于选择产生PHB的甲烷营养培养物的方法
公开(公告)号：US09062340B2
公开(公告)日：2015-06-23
申请号：US13590603
申请日：2012-08-21
申请人： Craig S. Criddle , Katherine H. Rostkowski , Eric R. Sundstrom
发明人： Craig S. Criddle , Katherine H. Rostkowski , Eric R. Sundstrom
IPC分类号： C12Q1/04 , C12P1/00 , C12P1/04
CPC分类号： C12Q1/04
摘要： A method of selection for type II methanotrophs is provided that includes enriching a microbial feedstock using a non-sterile bioreactor with a methane source and a nitrogen source, where the microbial feedstock includes a mixture of Type I and Type II methanotrophic cells, where an inhibited growth of the Type I methanotrophic cells and an enhanced growth of the Type II methanotrophic cells forms. The method further includes exposing intermittently the enriched microbial feedstock to i) nitrate, ii) urea, or i) and ii), where enhanced growth of the Type II methanotrophs is established, and exposing the Type II methanotrophs to an unbalanced growth condition where production of polyhydroxybutyrate is induced.
摘要翻译：提供了选择II型甲烷培养物的方法，其包括使用具有甲烷源和氮源的非无菌生物反应器富集微生物原料，其中微生物原料包括I型和II型甲烷营养细胞的混合物，其中被抑制 I型甲烷营养细胞的生长和II型甲烷营养细胞增殖的形成。该方法还包括间歇地将富集的微生物原料暴露于i）硝酸盐，ii）尿素，或i）和ii），其中建立了II型甲烷营养物的增强生长，并将II型甲烷营养物暴露于不平衡的生长条件，其中生产的多羟基丁酸酯被诱导。

6. 发明申请

US20110112257A1 Bacterial poly(hydroxy alkanoate) polymer and natural fiber composites 审中-公开
标题翻译：细菌聚（羟基链烷酸酯）聚合物和天然纤维复合材料
公开(公告)号：US20110112257A1
公开(公告)日：2011-05-12
申请号：US12930708
申请日：2011-01-14
申请人： Sarah L. Billington , Craig S. Criddle , Curtis W. Frank , Margaret C. Morse , Sarah J. Christian , Allison J. Pieja
发明人： Sarah L. Billington , Craig S. Criddle , Curtis W. Frank , Margaret C. Morse , Sarah J. Christian , Allison J. Pieja
IPC分类号： C08G63/91 , B23P17/00
CPC分类号： C12P7/625 , C08J5/045 , C08J2367/04 , C12P5/023 , Y02E50/343 , Y10T29/49801 , Y10T428/1362 , Y10T428/1366
摘要： A biocomposite is produced from natural fiber fabrics embedded in a matrix of biosynthetic polyhydroxy-alkanoate (PHA) polymers. The PHA is synthesized using aerobic microbial biosynthesis using mixed bacterial cultures and a feedstock containing anaerobic degradation products such as methane and volatile fatty acids derived from microbial biodegradation of organic waste materials, which may include waste biocomposites. Monomers may be added to the synthesized PHA polymer to control mechanical properties of the resulting biocomposite. The natural fibers and/or PHA may be pretreated using various techniques to improve the bond between the fibers and the PHA resin matrix and water absorption resistance of the fibers. The composite may be a laminate of treated and untreated fabric layers, or differently treated layers, to achieve good in-service performance as well as rapid and/or optimal biogas production when taken out of service and put in an anaerobic environment to degrade.
摘要翻译：生物复合材料由嵌入生物合成多羟基 - 链烷酸酯（PHA）聚合物基质中的天然纤维织物生产。使用混合细菌培养物和含有厌氧降解产物的原料合成PHA，所述厌氧降解产物如来自有机废物的微生物降解的甲烷和挥发性脂肪酸，其可包括废物生物复合材料。可将单体加入到合成的PHA聚合物中以控制所得生物复合材料的机械性能。可以使用各种技术对天然纤维和/或PHA进行预处理，以改善纤维与PHA树脂基质之间的粘结和纤维的吸水性。复合材料可以是经处理和未处理的织物层或不同处理的层的层压体，以在停用并放入厌氧环境中降解时实现良好的在役性能以及快速和/或最佳生物气生产。

7. 发明授权

US07887893B2 Bacterial poly(hydroxy alkanoate) polymer and natural fiber composites 有权
公开(公告)号：US07887893B2
公开(公告)日：2011-02-15
申请号：US12002001
申请日：2007-12-12
申请人： Sarah L. Billington , Craig S. Criddle , Curtis W. Frank , Margaret C. Morse , Sarah J. Christian , Allison J. Pieja
发明人： Sarah L. Billington , Craig S. Criddle , Curtis W. Frank , Margaret C. Morse , Sarah J. Christian , Allison J. Pieja
IPC分类号： C12P7/62 , B27N3/02 , B27N3/04 , B27N3/12
CPC分类号： C12P7/625 , C08J5/045 , C08J2367/04 , C12P5/023 , Y02E50/343 , Y10T29/49801 , Y10T428/1362 , Y10T428/1366
摘要： A biocomposite is produced from natural fiber fabrics embedded in a matrix of biosynthetic polyhydroxy-alkanoate (PHA) polymers. The PHA is synthesized using aerobic microbial biosynthesis using mixed bacterial cultures and a feedstock containing anaerobic degradation products such as methane and volatile fatty acids derived from microbial biodegradation of organic waste materials, which may include waste biocomposites. Monomers may be added to the synthesized PHA polymer to control mechanical properties of the resulting biocomposite. The natural fibers and/or PHA may be pretreated using various techniques to improve the bond between the fibers and the PHA resin matrix and water absorption resistance of the fibers. The composite may be a laminate of treated and untreated fabric layers, or differently treated layers, to achieve good in-service performance as well as rapid and/or optimal biogas production when taken out of service and put in an anaerobic environment to degrade.

8. 发明授权

US06258589B1 Methods for providing a chemical to a microorganism 失效
标题翻译：向微生物提供化学物质的方法
公开(公告)号：US06258589B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-10
申请号：US09177332
申请日：1998-10-22
申请人： Michael J. Dybas , Craig S. Criddle , Michael E. Witt
发明人： Michael J. Dybas , Craig S. Criddle , Michael E. Witt
IPC分类号： B09B300
CPC分类号： C12N1/20 , B09C1/002 , B09C1/10 , B09C2101/00 , C02F3/34 , C02F2305/06 , C12P1/04 , C12R1/38 , Y10S435/874
摘要： A method and composition for microbial remediation or other treatment of chemicals is described. The method particularly uses solidified oils or oils impregnated into inert particles or particles which release nutrient medium over time.
摘要翻译：描述了用于微生物修复或其它化学品处理的方法和组合物。该方法特别使用浸渍在惰性颗粒中的固化油或油，或随着时间释放营养培养基的颗粒。

9. 发明授权

US08030021B2 Use of selection pressures to enable microbial biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates from anaerobic degradation products 有权
标题翻译：使用选择压力来实现来自厌氧降解产物的聚羟基链烷酸酯的微生物生物合成
公开(公告)号：US08030021B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-04
申请号：US12456988
申请日：2009-06-24
申请人： Craig S. Criddle , Allison J. Pieja
发明人： Craig S. Criddle , Allison J. Pieja
IPC分类号： C12P39/00 , C12P7/64
CPC分类号： C12P7/625 , C12P5/023 , C12P7/52 , C12P7/54 , Y02E50/343
摘要： A method for inexpensive and efficient PHA biosynthesis includes operating a sequencing bioreactor in alternating phases of nutrient deprivation and carbon feedstock deprivation to select for robust PHA-producing microbes. Preferably, the bioreactor is operated in a non-sterile manner with mixed cultures of methanotrophs. The method also preferably uses periodic biomass-wasting (PHA harvesting) at the end of the carbon feed phase, gradually lengthening the time period of carbon deprivation phase to create a penalty for rapid PHA degradation and incentive for PHA accumulation. Also, bacterial enrichment cultures may be introduced periodically. The PHA-accumulating bacteria are preferably grown on common anaerobic degradation products, specifically volatile fatty acids, such as acetate and propionate, and methane gas. The PHA has useful applications in bioplastics and other products.
摘要翻译：廉价和有效的PHA生物合成的方法包括在营养物剥夺和碳原料剥夺的交替阶段中操作测序生物反应器，以选择用于稳定的产生PHA的微生物。优选地，生物反应器以非灭菌方式与甲烷嗜甲基菌的混合培养物一起操作。该方法还优选在碳进料阶段结束时使用周期性生物质消耗（PHA收获），逐渐延长碳剥夺阶段的时间段，以造成快速PHA降解的惩罚和对PHA积累的激励。此外，可以定期引入细菌富集培养物。 PHA累积细菌优选在常见的厌氧降解产物上生长，特别是挥发性脂肪酸，例如乙酸盐和丙酸盐，以及甲烷气体。 PHA在生物塑料和其他产品中具有有用的应用。

10. 发明申请

US20110207061A1 Microbial production of nitrous oxide coupled with chemical reaction of gaseous nitrous oxide 有权
标题翻译：微生物生产一氧化二氮与一氧化二氮气化学反应
公开(公告)号：US20110207061A1
公开(公告)日：2011-08-25
申请号：US13066911
申请日：2011-04-27
申请人： Brian J. Cantwell , Craig S. Criddle , Yaniv D. Scherson , George F. Wells
发明人： Brian J. Cantwell , Craig S. Criddle , Yaniv D. Scherson , George F. Wells
IPC分类号： F23C3/00 , C01B21/02
CPC分类号： C01B21/02 , C01B13/0203 , C01B21/22 , C02F3/1263 , C02F3/30 , C02F3/302 , C02F3/34 , C02F2101/16 , C02F2103/06 , C02F2103/26 , C02F2103/365 , C02F2209/02 , C02F2209/06 , C02F2209/34 , Y02W10/15
摘要： A bioreactor designed to produce N2O from organic nitrogen and/or reactive nitrogen in waste is coupled to a hardware reactor device in which the N2O is consumed in a gas phase chemical reaction, e.g., catalytic decomposition to form oxygen and nitrogen gas.Heat from the exothermic reaction may be used to generate power. The N2O may alternatively be used as an oxidant or co-oxidant in a combustion reaction, e.g., in the combustion of methane. The bioreactor may have various designs including a two-stage bioreactor, a hollow-fiber membrane bioreactor, or a sequencing batch reactor. The bioreactor may involve Fe(II)-mediated reduction of nitrite to nitrous oxide.
摘要翻译：设计用于从废弃物中的有机氮和/或活性氮产生N 2 O的生物反应器被耦合到硬化反应器装置中，其中N 2 O在气相化学反应（例如催化分解）中消耗以形成氧和氮气。来自放热反应的热量可用于发电。可替代地，N 2 O可用作燃烧反应中的氧化剂或助氧化剂，例如甲烷的燃烧。生物反应器可以具有各种设计，包括两级生物反应器，中空纤维膜生物反应器或排序间歇反应器。生物反应器可能涉及Fe（II）介导的将亚硝酸盐还原成一氧化二氮。

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