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1. 发明授权

US06704927B1 Static binding of dynamically-dispatched calls in the presence of dynamic linking and loading 失效
公开(公告)号：US06704927B1
公开(公告)日：2004-03-09
申请号：US09265770
申请日：1999-03-10
申请人： Lars Bak , Srdjan Mitrovic , Urs Hölzle
发明人： Lars Bak , Srdjan Mitrovic , Urs Hölzle
IPC分类号： G06F945
CPC分类号： G06F9/45504 , G06F9/44521 , G06F9/4491
摘要： Techniques for performing static binding of dispatched-calls in the presence of dynamic linking and loading are provided. A method for increasing the execution performance of a function at run-time includes compiling the function, which may either be interpreted or previously compiled, and identifying a call within the function to a process. The method also includes adding dependency information to the function. The dependency information is arranged to indicate a status of the function, and contains information pertaining to the class, the name, and the signature associated with the process. In one embodiment, the process is a virtual process, and the method includes analyzing a class structure associated with the function in order to determine when the virtual process is a substantially unique target of the call. In such an embodiment, the virtual process may be inlined into the function when it is determined that the virtual process is the substantially unique target of the call.

2. 发明授权

US05999732A Techniques for reducing the cost of dynamic class initialization checks in compiled code 失效
标题翻译：在编译代码中降低动态类初始化检查成本的技术
公开(公告)号：US05999732A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-07
申请号：US46401
申请日：1998-03-23
申请人： Lars Bak , Srdjan Mitrovic
发明人： Lars Bak , Srdjan Mitrovic
IPC分类号： G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F9/45516
摘要： Techniques for reducing the cost of dynamic class loading and initialization checks in compiled code are provided. Virtual machine instructions are compiled into one or more native machine instructions even if required runtime execution information is unavailable at the time of compilation. The native machine instructions include placeholder data where the required runtime execution information should be. The native machine instructions are overwritten with a native machine instruction that transfers control to a section of code or stub that, at runtime execution, replaces the placeholder data with the required runtime execution information and execution continues.
摘要翻译：提供了在编译代码中降低动态类加载和初始化检查成本的技术。虚拟机指令被编译成一个或多个本地机器指令，即使编译时所需的运行时执行信息不可用。本地机器指令包括所需运行时执行信息所在的占位符数据。本地机器指令被本地机器指令覆盖，该指令将控制转移到一段代码或存根，在运行时执行时，将使用所需的运行时执行信息替换占位符数据，并继续执行。

3. 发明授权

US06714991B1 Method and apparatus for implementing fast subclass and subtype checks 失效
标题翻译：用于实现快速子类和子类型检查的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06714991B1
公开(公告)日：2004-03-30
申请号：US09107224
申请日：1998-06-30
申请人： Lars Bak , Srdjan Mitrovic , Urs Hölzle
发明人： Lars Bak , Srdjan Mitrovic , Urs Hölzle
IPC分类号： G06F900
CPC分类号： G06F9/4492
摘要： Methods and apparatus for performing fast subtype checks during program execution are disclosed. According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for determining whether a class associated with an object that is a part of an object-based computing system is a subtype of another type includes obtaining a candidate type from a dynamic storage location that is associated with a class which is associated with the object, and comparing the candidate type against a first type that is potentially the same as the candidate type. A determination is then made as to whether the candidate type is substantially equal to the first type. When the determination is that the candidate type is substantially equal to the first type, an indication that the candidate type is a subtype of the first type is provided. In one embodiment, the candidate type obtained from the dynamic storage location is obtained from a cache element in the class associated with the object.
摘要翻译：公开了在程序执行期间执行快速子类型检查的方法和装置。根据本发明的一个方面，一种用于确定与作为基于对象的计算系统的一部分的对象相关联的类是否是另一类型的子类型的方法包括从相关联的动态存储位置获得候选类型具有与对象相关联的类，并且将候选类型与潜在地与候选类型相同的第一类型进行比较。然后确定候选类型是否基本上等于第一类型。当确定候选类型基本上等于第一类型时，提供候选类型是第一类型的子类型的指示。在一个实施例中，从与该对象相关联的类中的高速缓存元素获得从动态存储位置获得的候选类型。

4. 发明授权

US08578352B1 Optimizing object oriented programs using limited customization 有权
标题翻译：使用有限的定制优化面向对象的程序
公开(公告)号：US08578352B1
公开(公告)日：2013-11-05
申请号：US13077566
申请日：2011-03-31
申请人： Srdjan Mitrovic , Lars Bak
发明人： Srdjan Mitrovic , Lars Bak
IPC分类号： G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F9/4552
摘要： A capability for limited customization that utilizes existing virtual dispatch table technology and allows selective customization is provided. Such a capability combines the usage of virtual dispatch tables with both customized and non-customized code to reduce, or even eliminate over-customization. Further, such a capability may employ a runtime system that decides what methods to customize based on several factors including, but not limited to the size of a class hierarchy, the amount of available space for compiled code, and the amount of available time for compilation.
摘要翻译：提供了利用现有虚拟调度表技术并允许选择性定制的有限定制功能。这样的功能将虚拟调度表的使用与定制和非定制代码相结合，以减少甚至消除过度定制。此外，这样的能力可以使用运行时系统，其基于几个因素来决定要定制哪些方法，包括但不限于类层次结构的大小，用于编译代码的可用空间量以及用于编译的可用时间量。

5. 发明授权

US08244775B1 Using map objects to access object properties in a dynamic object-oriented programming language 有权
标题翻译：使用地图对象以动态面向对象编程语言访问对象属性
公开(公告)号：US08244775B1
公开(公告)日：2012-08-14
申请号：US12120067
申请日：2008-05-13
申请人： Lars Bak , Kasper Verdich Lund
发明人： Lars Bak , Kasper Verdich Lund
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F8/315 , G06F9/4488
摘要： One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that uses map objects to access object properties for a program written in a dynamic object-oriented programming language, thereby facilitating property access for languages that allow additional properties to be defined for objects at runtime. During operation, the system receives an object of an object type. This object is associated with a memory region and a given map object (from a set of map objects associated with the given object type) that describes how properties of the object are mapped to fields in the memory region. When receiving a request to access a property of the object, the system determines whether the given map object includes a field mapping for the property. If so, the system accesses a field in the memory region associated with the property using the field mapping.
摘要翻译：本发明的一个实施例提供一种系统，其使用地图对象来访问以动态面向对象的编程语言编写的程序的对象属性，由此促进允许在运行时为对象定义附加属性的语言的属性访问。在操作期间，系统接收对象类型的对象。该对象与描述如何将对象的属性映射到内存区域中的字段的内存区域和给定的映射对象（从与给定对象类型相关联的一组映射对象）关联。当接收到访问对象的属性的请求时，系统确定给定的地图对象是否包括属性的字段映射。如果是这样，系统使用字段映射来访问与属性关联的存储器区域中的一个字段。

6. 发明授权

US07028287B2 Method and apparatus for facilitating compact object headers 有权
标题翻译：用于促进紧凑型物体头部的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07028287B2
公开(公告)日：2006-04-11
申请号：US10122071
申请日：2002-04-12
申请人： Lars Bak , Steffen Grarup
发明人： Lars Bak , Steffen Grarup
IPC分类号： G06F9/44
CPC分类号： G06F9/526 , G06F9/4488
摘要： A system that associates an identifier with an instance defined within an object-oriented programming system. The system generates an identifier for the instance and associates a new near object with the instance, wherein the new near object points to a class specifying behavior for the object. The system stores the identifier in the new near object, and sets a class pointer located within a header of the instance to point to the new near object. In this way, the class pointer indirectly points to the class for the object through the new near object. The system can lock the instance to facilitate exclusive access to the instance by copying a near object associated with the instance to a method activation on the execution stack, and setting the class pointer of the instance to point to the copy of the near object on the execution stack.
摘要翻译：将标识符与面向对象编程系统中定义的实例相关联的系统。该系统生成实例的标识符，并将新近的对象与实例相关联，其中新的近物体指向指定对象的行为的类。系统将标识符存储在新近的对象中，并且设置位于实例的头部内的指针指向新近的对象的类指针。以这种方式，类指针通过新的near对象间接指向对象的类。系统可以锁定实例以便于通过将与实例相关联的近似对象复制到执行堆栈上的方法激活来实现对实例的独占访问，并将实例的类指针设置为指向近似对象的副本执行堆栈

7. 发明授权

US06865734B2 Method and apparatus for performing byte-code optimization during pauses 有权
标题翻译：在暂停期间执行字节码优化的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06865734B2
公开(公告)日：2005-03-08
申请号：US09836916
申请日：2001-04-17
申请人： Urs Hölzle , Lars Bak
发明人： Urs Hölzle , Lars Bak
IPC分类号： G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F8/48 , G06F8/4441 , G06F9/45516
摘要： Methods and apparatus for dynamically compiling byte codes associated with methods during idle periods in the execution of a computer program are disclosed. The described methods are particularly suitable for use in computer systems that are arranged to execute both interpreted and compiled byte codes. In some embodiments, methods to be dynamically compiled are referenced in one or more lists. The lists may be prioritized to facilitate the compilation of the highest priority methods first. In one embodiment, a pair of compilation lists are provided with a first one of the compilation lists being created prior to processing the computer program while the other is created during the processing of the computer program.
摘要翻译：公开了在执行计算机程序期间动态地编译与空闲期间中的方法相关联的字节码的方法和装置。所描述的方法特别适用于被布置为执行解释和编译的字节码的计算机系统。在一些实施例中，要被动态编译的方法在一个或多个列表中被引用。可以优先列出列表以便于首先编译最高优先级的方法。在一个实施例中，提供一对编译列表，其中编译列表中的第一个在处理计算机程序之前被创建，而另一个在计算机程序的处理期间被创建。

8. 发明授权

US06240547B1 Method and apparatus for dynamically deoptimizing compiled activations 失效
标题翻译：动态优化编译激活的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06240547B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-29
申请号：US09336123
申请日：1999-06-18
申请人： Urs Hölzle , Lars Bak
发明人： Urs Hölzle , Lars Bak
IPC分类号： G06F945
CPC分类号： G06F8/443 , G06F8/52 , G06F9/449 , Y10S707/99944
摘要： Methods and apparatus for dynamically deoptimizing a frame in a control stack during the execution of a computer program are disclosed. The described methods are particularly suitable for use in computer systems that are arranged to execute both interpreted and compiled byte codes. According to one aspect of the present invention, a computer-implemented method for deoptimizing a compiled method includes creating a data structure. The data structure, which is separate from the control stack, is arranged to store information relating to the compiled method. A reference indicator, such as a pointer, is created to associate the data structure with the frame. The method, which is compiled to a first state of optimization, is then deoptimized to a second state of optimization, and the method in the first state of optimization may be discarded, thereby deoptimizing the frame. When control returns to the deoptimized frame, a migration routine creates at least one new stack frame, and execution may continue using the method in the second state of optimization.
摘要翻译：公开了在执行计算机程序期间动态地优化控制堆栈中的帧的方法和装置。所描述的方法特别适用于被布置为执行解释和编译的字节码的计算机系统。根据本发明的一个方面，一种用于去优化编译方法的计算机实现方法包括创建数据结构。与控制堆栈分离的数据结构被布置为存储与编译方法有关的信息。创建诸如指针的参考指示符以将数据结构与帧相关联。然后将被编译为第一优化状态的方法去优化到第二优化状态，并且可以丢弃第一优化状态中的方法，从而优化帧。当控制返回到最优化帧时，迁移例程创建至少一个新的堆栈帧，并且执行可以在第二优化状态中继续使用该方法。

9. 再颁专利

USRE39519E1 Mixed execution stack and exception handling 有权
标题翻译：混合执行堆栈和异常处理
公开(公告)号：USRE39519E1
公开(公告)日：2007-03-13
申请号：US10884826
申请日：2004-07-01
申请人： Lars Bak , Robert Griesemer , Urs Hölzle
发明人： Lars Bak , Robert Griesemer , Urs Hölzle
IPC分类号： G06F9/40
CPC分类号： G06F9/461 , G06F9/4484 , G06F9/45504
摘要： Systems and methods for implementing an execution stack which stores frames for functions written in multiple programming languages are provided. The frames for functions written in different programming languages may be interleaved on the same execution stack. A data block on the execution stack may be utilized to traverse the execution stack around a frame by storing a stack pointer and frame pointer to a previous frame. Additionally, exceptions may be propagated, with conversion if necessary, through frames on the execution stack that are written in different programming languages.
摘要翻译：提供了用于实现用于以多种编程语言编写的功能来存储帧的执行堆栈的系统和方法。以不同编程语言编写的函数的帧可以在相同的执行堆栈上进行交织。可以利用执行堆栈上的数据块通过将堆栈指针和帧指针存储到前一帧来遍历帧周围的执行堆栈。另外，异常可以传播，如果需要，通过转换，通过使用不同编程语言编写的执行堆栈上的帧。

10. 发明授权

US06513156B2 Interpreting functions utilizing a hybrid of virtual and native machine instructions 失效
公开(公告)号：US06513156B2
公开(公告)日：2003-01-28
申请号：US08884856
申请日：1997-06-30
申请人： Lars Bak , Robert Griesemer
发明人： Lars Bak , Robert Griesemer
IPC分类号： G06F945
CPC分类号： G06F9/30174 , G06F9/45516
摘要： Systems and methods for increasing the execution speed of virtual machine instructions for a function are provided. A portion of the virtual machine instructions of the function are compiled into native machine instructions so that the function includes both virtual and native machine instructions. Execution of the native machine instructions may be accomplished by overwriting a virtual machine instruction of the function with a virtual machine instruction that specifies execution of the native machine instructions. Additionally, the original virtual machine instruction may be stored so that the original virtual machine instructions can be regenerated.

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