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    • 5. 发明授权
    • Method of extracting chemical preservatives from treated wood
    • 从经处理的木材中提取化学防腐剂的方法
    • US5262004A
    • 1993-11-16
    • US914546
    • 1992-07-16
    • Roland GilbertAndre BesnerPierre Tetreault
    • Roland GilbertAndre BesnerPierre Tetreault
    • D21B1/02D21B1/36D21B1/12
    • D21B1/023D21B1/021D21B1/36
    • Preservatives and oil are extracted from treated wood. For this purpose, treated wood that is intended to be discarded is comminuted, the chips are impregnated with an alkaline solution until softening of the chips and modification of the chemical state of the products to be extracted. Possibly, the chips may be treated with saturated steam at a temperature between 170.degree. C. and 210.degree. C. followed by an explosive decompression giving wood fragments. This is followed by a refining operation in a crusher permitting the grinding of the wood. The result is a substantial release of the preservatives and oil from the wood chips which are at least partly disintegrated. The chemical preservatives and the oil are collected separately from the wood chips in the aqueous phases which are produced in the impregnation, steam cooking-explosive decompression and refining steps.
    • 防腐剂和油从被处理的木材中提取。 为此目的,粉碎被处理的待处理木材,用碱性溶液浸渍碎屑直到芯片软化,并改变要提取的产品的化学状态。 可能的是,可以在170℃和210℃之间的温度下用饱和蒸汽处理碎屑,然后进行爆炸减压以产生木屑。 之后是在允许研磨木材的破碎机中进行精炼操作。 结果是从至少部分分解的木片中的防腐剂和油的实质释放。 化学防腐剂和油分别从在浸渍,蒸汽烹饪 - 爆炸减压和精炼步骤中生产的水相中的木片中分离收集。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Dipole tunable reconfigurable reflector array
    • 偶极可调谐可重构反射器阵列
    • US06426727B2
    • 2002-07-30
    • US09844950
    • 2001-04-27
    • Roland Gilbert
    • Roland Gilbert
    • H01Q138
    • H01Q19/19H01Q1/42H01Q3/46
    • The present invention provides a low-cost, frequency-tunable, steerable, reflector array capable of simulating the electromagnetic effects of a parabolic or similarly-shaped reflector on a planar or conformal surface. Simple scatterers such as short circuited dipoles, disposed on a geometrically planar or conformal substrate, are configured from a series of scatterer sub-elements, electrically connected serially to one another by MEMS switches. These connected scatterer sub-elements form a reflective array disposed above a ground plane on the substrate. By properly controlling the length and spacing of the activated dipole elements, it is possible to simulate the equiphase reflection profile of a horn feed or sub-reflector feed of a parabolic or similar reflector. In addition, the array may be steered by selectively controlling the scatterer configurations.
    • 本发明提供了一种低成本,频率可调,可转向的反射器阵列,其能够模拟平面或保形表面上抛物面或类似形状的反射器的电磁效应。 设置在几何平面或保形基板上的简单散射体,例如短路偶极子,由一系列通过MEMS开关彼此串联电连接的散射体子元件构成。 这些连接的散射体子元件形成设置在基板上的接地平面上方的反射阵列。 通过适当地控制激活的偶极子元件的长度和间距,可以模拟抛物面或类似反射器的喇叭馈送或次反射器馈送的均相反射分布。 此外,可以通过选择性地控制散射体配置来控制阵列。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for using RF-activated MEMS switching element
    • 使用RF激活的MEMS开关元件的方法和装置
    • US06865402B1
    • 2005-03-08
    • US09847554
    • 2001-05-02
    • Roland Gilbert
    • Roland Gilbert
    • H01Q1/24H01Q3/24H04M1/00
    • H01Q1/246H01Q3/24
    • The present invention features an RF-actuated microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) switch for use with switchable RF structures such as antennas. An antenna within each MEMS switch module is coupled to a tuned circuit and a detector. The DC voltage output of the detector is used as the control input to the MEMS switch. This allows arrays of MEMS switch modules to be actuated by remotely generated radio frequency signals thus alleviating the need for running metallic conductors or optical fibers to each MEMS switch. The MEMS switch is particularly suited for use in conjunction with both passive and active antenna elements to allow reconfiguration of antenna or other RF structures. Frequency response characteristics, phasing, and directionality characteristics may be altered easily.
    • 本发明的特征在于用于可切换RF结构(例如天线)的RF致动的微机电系统(MEMS)开关。 每个MEMS开关模块内的天线耦合到调谐电路和检测器。 检测器的直流电压输出用作MEMS开关的控制输入。 这允许通过远程产生的射频信号来致动MEMS开关模块的阵列,从而减轻了对每个MEMS开关运行金属导体或光纤的需要。 MEMS开关特别适合与无源和有源天线元件结合使用以允许重新配置天线或其他RF结构。 可以容易地改变频率响应特性,相位和方向特性。
    • 9. 发明申请
    • RF-actuated MEMS switching element
    • RF致动MEMS开关元件
    • US20050107125A1
    • 2005-05-19
    • US11008503
    • 2004-12-09
    • Roland Gilbert
    • Roland Gilbert
    • H01Q1/24H01Q3/24H04M1/00
    • H01Q1/246H01Q3/24
    • An RF-actuated microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) switch for use with switchable RF structures such as antennas and reflectors is disclosed. An antenna within each MEMS switch module is coupled to a circuit that provides a trigger voltage based on an RF control signal received at the antenna. The trigger voltage output of the circuit is used as the control the MEMS switch. This allows arrays of MEMS switch modules to be actuated by remotely generated radio frequency signals thus alleviating the need for running metallic conductors or optical fibers to each MEMS switch. Frequency response characteristics, phasing, reflectivity, and directionality characteristics may be altered in real-time.
    • 公开了一种用于可切换RF结构(例如天线和反射器)的RF致动的微机电系统(MEMS)开关。 每个MEMS开关模块内的天线耦合到基于在天线处接收的RF控制信号提供触发电压的电路。 电路的触发电压输出用作MEMS开关的控制。 这允许通过远程产生的射频信号来致动MEMS开关模块的阵列,从而减轻了对每个MEMS开关运行金属导体或光纤的需要。 频率响应特性,定相,反射率和方向特性可能会被实时改变。