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1. 发明授权

US4768879A Method for measuring the size of objects in a fluid medium 失效
标题翻译：测量流体介质中物体大小的方法
公开(公告)号：US4768879A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-06
申请号：US875168
申请日：1986-06-17
申请人： Richard D. McLachlan , Ray W. Chrisman
发明人： Richard D. McLachlan , Ray W. Chrisman
IPC分类号： G01N15/02 , G01N21/65 , G01N21/85 , G01N21/64
CPC分类号： G01N15/0205 , G01N2021/4709 , G01N2021/6417 , G01N2021/651 , G01N2021/656 , G01N21/8507
摘要： A method for determining the size of moving objects present in a transparent or translucent fluid medium comprises illuminating a zone of the suspension with monochromatic light, collecting scattered light having a wavelength characteristic of the objects or of the medium, and measuring the intensity and variations in intensity of the collected light. The data thus obtained may be compared with data obtained from corresponding measurements of corresponding mediums containing corresponding objects of known size.
摘要翻译：用于确定存在于透明或半透明流体介质中的移动物体的尺寸的方法包括用单色光照射悬浮液的区域，收集具有物体或介质的波长特性的散射光，并测量其中的强度和变化收集光的强度。这样获得的数据可以与从包含已知尺寸的相应对象的相应介质的对应测量获得的数据进行比较。

2. 发明授权

US4643573A Method for measuring the relative concentration of larger and smaller particles in suspension 失效
标题翻译：用于测量悬浮液中较大和较小颗粒的相对浓度的方法
公开(公告)号：US4643573A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-17
申请号：US703796
申请日：1985-02-21
申请人： Richard D. McLachlan , Ray W. Chrisman
发明人： Richard D. McLachlan , Ray W. Chrisman
IPC分类号： G01N21/53 , G01N21/85 , G01N21/49
CPC分类号： G01N21/53 , G01N21/8507
摘要： The concentration of larger particles in a suspension of relatively small and relatively large light scattering particles is determined by illuminating a zone of the suspension with light of such wavelength as to be scattered more efficiently by the larger particles than by the smaller particles. The scattered light is collected and its intensity measured. The value of the collected light intensity then is compared with the corresponding value of the same wavelength light scattered by corresponding suspensions containing known concentrations of particles.
摘要翻译：相对较小且相对较大的光散射颗粒的悬浮液中的较大颗粒的浓度通过用比较小颗粒更大的颗粒更有效地散射的波长的光照射悬浮液的区域来确定。收集散射光并测量其强度。然后将收集的光强度的值与由包含已知浓度的颗粒的相应悬浮液散射的相同波长的光的相应值进行比较。

3. 发明授权

US4829186A Methods and apparatus for measuring the light absorbance of a fluid medium 失效
标题翻译：用于测量流体介质的吸光度的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4829186A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-09
申请号：US214902
申请日：1988-06-28
申请人： Richard D. McLachlan , Ray W. Chrisman
发明人： Richard D. McLachlan , Ray W. Chrisman
IPC分类号： G01N21/27 , G01N21/33 , G01N21/55 , G01N21/85
CPC分类号： G01N21/552 , G01N21/33 , G01N21/8507 , G01N2201/08
摘要： The presence and concentration of a light absorbing constituent in a fluid medium is determined in-situ by immersing in such medium a probe having a prism at one end whose refractive index is greater than that of the medium and causing light including a wavelength absorbable by such constituent to traverse an optical path through the prism and undergo successive attenuated total reflections. At each reflection some of the light will be absorbed by the constituent. The intensity of light emerging from the prism is measured at one or more wavelengths, including one absorbable by such constituent. The concentration of the constituent is determined by comparison of the measured intensity with values obtained from like measurements performed on like mediums containing known concentrations of the constituent.
摘要翻译：流体介质中的光吸收成分的存在和浓度是通过将这种介质中的棱镜在折射率大于介质的一端浸入这种介质中来确定的，并引起包括可吸收的波长的光成分穿过棱镜穿过光路并经历连续衰减的全反射。在每次反射时，一些光将被成分吸收。在一个或多个波长处测量从棱镜出射的光的强度，包括一个可被这种成分吸收的波长。通过将测量的强度与在含有已知浓度的组分的类似介质上进行的相似测量值获得的值进行比较来确定组分的浓度。

4. 发明授权

US4672218A Method for determining the onset of crystallization 失效
标题翻译：确定结晶开始的方法
公开(公告)号：US4672218A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-09
申请号：US678114
申请日：1984-12-04
申请人： Ray W. Chrisman , Richard D. McLachlan , Richard S. Harner
发明人： Ray W. Chrisman , Richard D. McLachlan , Richard S. Harner
IPC分类号： G01N21/49 , B01D9/02 , G01N21/51 , G01N21/85 , G01N25/14
CPC分类号： G01N25/147 , G01N21/51 , G01N21/8507
摘要： A method for determining the onset of nucleation wherein a zone of a translucent fluid in which crystals may be formed is illuminated by a beam of light. When crystallization commences the crystals in the illuminated zone reflect and scatter light. Some of the scattered light is collected and transmitted to a light sensitive detector operable to generate a signal indicative of nucleation. Upon detection of nucleation either manual or automatic procedures may be instituted to modify the crystallization process in an appropriate manner.
摘要翻译：用于确定成核开始的方法，其中可以形成晶体的半透明流体的区域被光束照射。当结晶开始时，照射区域中的晶体反射和散射光。一些散射光被收集并传输到可操作以产生指示成核的信号的光敏检测器。当检测到成核时，可以进行手动或自动程序以适当的方式改变结晶过程。

5. 发明授权

US5365326A Method and apparatus for determining flow rates and concentrations in multi-phase streams 失效
标题翻译：用于确定多相流中的流速和浓度的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5365326A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-15
申请号：US17077
申请日：1993-02-12
申请人： Ray W. Chrisman , Raymond A. Cocco , John A. Cleveland, Jr.
发明人： Ray W. Chrisman , Raymond A. Cocco , John A. Cleveland, Jr.
IPC分类号： G01P5/18 , G01P3/36 , G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01P5/18
摘要： This invention relates to a method for simultaneously determining particle concentration and velocity in multi-phase streams. These determinations may be made by use of a fiber optic probe that establishes an illuminated sensing zone of finite dimensions. The probe collects light backscattered from the zone at discrete points in time. The collected light is converted to a voltage waveform. By taking the mean of the voltage values, concentration can be determined, and, by taking a derivative of the voltage waveform, the velocity can be determined.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及同时测定多相流中的颗粒浓度和速度的方法。这些确定可以通过使用建立有限尺寸的照明感测区域的光纤探针进行。探头在离散的时间点收集从该区域反向散射的光。收集的光被转换成电压波形。通过获取电压值的平均值，可以确定浓度，并且通过取电压波形的导数，可以确定速度。

6. 发明授权

US06703246B1 Thermal method and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：热法和仪器
公开(公告)号：US06703246B1
公开(公告)日：2004-03-09
申请号：US10018668
申请日：2001-12-12
申请人： Theodore E. Miller , Charles A. Nielsen , Ray W. Chrisman , Robert E. LaPointe
发明人： Theodore E. Miller , Charles A. Nielsen , Ray W. Chrisman , Robert E. LaPointe
IPC分类号： G01N2520
CPC分类号： G01N25/482 , G01N25/4873
摘要： A thermal method for studying chemical responses, such as catalyzed polymerization reactions that includes the following three steps. The first step is to flow a chemical substance through a conduit, the conduit being in thermal communication with an electrical conductor, the electrical conductor being co-linear with the conduit, the electrical resistance of the electrical conductor being a function of the temperature of the electrical conductor. A length of stainless steel tubing can be used as both the conduit and the conductor. The second step is to flow electricity through the electrical conductor during the first step. The third step is to measure the electrical resistance of the electrical conductor during the second step to determine any change in the temperature of the conduit caused by a response of the chemical substance. An apparatus for studying chemical reactions that includes: a first conduit, the first conduit being an electrical conductor, the first conduit having a first end and a second end, the electrical resistance of the first conduit being a function of the temperature of the first conduit; a source of electricity, the source of electricity in electrical communication with the first conduit so that electricity can be flowed through the first conduit; a volt meter in electrical communication with the first conduit so that the voltage measured by the volt meter is an indication of the temperature of the first conduit.
摘要翻译：用于研究化学反应的热法，例如催化聚合反应，其包括以下三个步骤。第一步是通过导管流出化学物质，导管与电导体热连通，电导体与导管共线，电导体的电阻是温度的函数电导体。一段不锈钢管可用作管道和导体。第二步是在第一步中通过电导体流动电力。第三步是测量在第二步骤期间电导体的电阻，以确定由化学物质的响应引起的导管温度的任何变化。一种用于研究化学反应的装置，包括：第一导管，第一导管是电导体，第一导管具有第一端和第二端，第一导管的电阻是第一导管的温度的函数 ; 电源，与第一导管电连通的电源，使得电能够通过第一导管流动; 与第一导管电连通的电压表，使得由电压表测量的电压是第一导管的温度的指示。

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