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1. 发明授权

US07887644B2 Superconductive elements containing copper inclusions, and a composite and a method for their production 有权
标题翻译：含铜夹杂物的超导元件，以及复合材料及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US07887644B2
公开(公告)日：2011-02-15
申请号：US11482949
申请日：2006-07-10
申请人： René Flükiger , Daniel Eckert
发明人： René Flükiger , Daniel Eckert
IPC分类号： H01L39/24 , H01B12/00
CPC分类号： H01L39/2409 , H01L39/14 , Y10T29/49014
摘要： The invention relates to a composite (1), comprising a Cu—Sn bronze matrix (2) and filaments (3) surrounded by the bronze matrix (2), wherein the filaments (3) contain niobium (═Nb) or a Nb alloy, characterized in that the filaments (3) contain between 0.3% and 20% of volume of copper (═Cu) substructures (4), which are distributed within the Nb or the Nb alloy. The composite can be used to produce a superconducting element with the bronze route which has an improved critical current density.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种由青铜基体（2）包围的Cu-Sn青铜基体（2）和长丝（3）的复合体（1），其中长丝（3）含有铌（= Nb）或Nb合金其特征在于，所述长丝（3）含有分布在Nb或Nb合金中的铜（═Cu）亚结构（4）的体积的0.3％至20％。该复合材料可用于生产具有改进的临界电流密度的青铜路线的超导元件。

2. 发明授权

US07505800B2 Superconductive element containing Nb3Sn 有权
标题翻译：含Nb3Sn的超导元件
公开(公告)号：US07505800B2
公开(公告)日：2009-03-17
申请号：US11279282
申请日：2006-04-11
申请人： René Flükiger , Vital Abächerli , Davide Uglietti , Daniel Eckert
发明人： René Flükiger , Vital Abächerli , Davide Uglietti , Daniel Eckert
IPC分类号： H01B12/06
CPC分类号： H01L39/14 , H01L39/2409 , Y10S505/806 , Y10S505/821 , Y10S505/917 , Y10S505/919 , Y10S505/92 , Y10T29/49014
摘要： A superconductive element containing Nb3Sn, in particular a multifilament wire, comprising at least one superconductive filament (8) which is obtained by a solid state diffusion reaction from a preliminary filament structure (1), said preliminary filament structure (1) containing an elongated hollow pipe (2) having an inner surface (3) and an outer surface (4), wherein said hollow pipe (2) consists of Nb or an Nb alloy, in particular NbTa, wherein the outer surface (4) is in close contact with a surrounding bronze matrix (5) containing Cu and Sn, and wherein the inner surface (3) is in close contact with an inner bronze matrix (5) also containing Cu and Sn, is characterized in that the inner bronze matrix (5) of the preliminary filament structure (1) encloses in its central region an elongated core (6) consisting of a metallic material, said metallic material having at room temperature (=RT) a thermal expansion coefficient αcore 300 MPa, said metallic material having at RT an elongation at rupture A>20%, and wherein the metallic material of the core (6) is chemically inert with respect to the material of the inner bronze matrix (5) up to a reaction temperature T of the solid state diffusion reaction. This element has improved superconductive properties in a large volume fraction of its superconductive filaments, in particular a high critical temperature Tc and a high critical magnetic filed strength Bc2, and is mechanically stable enough for commercial applications such as magnet coils.
摘要翻译：包含Nb 3 Sn的超导元件，特别是复丝线，其包含至少一个通过来自预备丝状结构（1）的固态扩散反应获得的超导细丝（8），所述预丝细丝结构（1）包含细长的中空具有内表面（3）和外表面（4）的管（2），其中所述中空管（2）由Nb或Nb合金特别是NbTa组成，其中外表面（4）与包含Cu和Sn的周围青铜基体（5），并且其中所述内表面（3）与还含有Cu和Sn的内部青铜基体（5）紧密接触，其特征在于，所述内部青铜基体（5）预备细丝结构（1）在其中心区域包围由金属材料组成的细长芯（6），所述金属材料在室温（= RT）下具有热膨胀系数α1<17 * 10-6K-1，优选我说，alphacore <= 8 * 10-6 K-1 所述金属材料在室温下具有屈服强度R p 0.2> 300MPa，所述金属材料在RT处具有断裂伸长率> 20％，并且其中所述芯体（6）的金属材料相对于内部青铜基质（5）直至固态扩散反应的反应温度T. 该元件在其超导细丝的大体积分数，特别是高临界温度Tc和高临界磁场强度Bc2中具有改进的超导性能，并且对于商业应用如磁体线圈具有机械稳定性。

3. 发明授权

US07476280B2 Method for producing a superconductive element 有权
标题翻译：超导元件的制造方法
公开(公告)号：US07476280B2
公开(公告)日：2009-01-13
申请号：US11223039
申请日：2005-09-12
申请人： René Fluekiger , Vital Abaecherli , Daniel Eckert
发明人： René Fluekiger , Vital Abaecherli , Daniel Eckert
IPC分类号： H01L39/24
CPC分类号： H01L39/2409 , C22F1/08 , Y10T29/49014
摘要： A method for producing a superconductive element, in particular a multifilament wire, starting from a composite (1) comprising a bronze matrix containing Cu and Sn, in which at least one elongated structure containing Nb or an Nb alloy, in particular NbTa, is embedded, whereby in a first step the composite is extruded at a temperature between 300° C. and 750° C., followed by cold or hot working and annealing steps in which the composite is elongated in parallel to the elongated structure and softened by temperature treatment, followed by a stacking step, in which a multitude of elongated composites from the preceding cold or hot working steps are bundled, the steps of extruding, elongating, annealing and stacking being repeated one or more times, followed by a final elongating process, including intermediate annealing processes, in which the composite is elongated to its final length, the superconductive phase being obtained by a heat treatment including a solid state diffusion reaction is characterized in that at least part of the elongating steps and annealing steps are performed by isothermal hot rolling in a temperature region between 450° C. and 750° C. at or above recrystallization temperature of the bronze matrix.
摘要翻译：一种由包含Cu和Sn的青铜基体的复合材料（1）开始制造超导元件，特别是复丝的方法，其中至少包含Nb或Nb合金，特别是NbTa的细长结构被嵌入，其中在第一步骤中，复合材料在300℃和750℃之间的温度下挤出，随后冷或热加工和退火步骤，其中复合材料与细长结构平行延伸并通过温度处理软化然后进行堆叠步骤，其中将来自先前冷或热加工步骤的多个细长复合材料捆扎在一起，挤出，拉伸，退火和堆叠的步骤重复一次或多次，随后进行最终拉伸工艺，包括中间退火工艺，其中复合材料延伸到其最终长度，超导相通过包括固态扩散反应的热处理获得离子的特征在于，在青铜基体的重结晶温度以上，在450℃〜750℃的温度范围内，通过等温热轧进行至少一部分延伸工序和退火工序。

4. 发明授权

US06670878B2 Magnet arrangement comprising a superconducting magnet coil system and a magnetic field forming device and a dimensioning method 有权
公开(公告)号：US06670878B2
公开(公告)日：2003-12-30
申请号：US09953313
申请日：2001-09-17
申请人： Robert Schauwecker , Pierre-Alain Bovier , Daniel Eckert , Frank Laukien
发明人： Robert Schauwecker , Pierre-Alain Bovier , Daniel Eckert , Frank Laukien
IPC分类号： H01F500
CPC分类号： G01R33/3875 , G01R33/3815
摘要： A magnet arrangement comprising a superconducting magnet coil system (M) for producing a magnetic field in the direction of a z axis in a working volume (AV) disposed on the z axis about z=0, wherein the superconducting magnet coil system (M) comprises a radially inner partial coil system (C1) and a radially outer partial coil system (C2) which is coaxial thereto, and with a field forming device (P) of magnetic material disposed in a preferably cylindrically symmetrical fashion about the z axis, located radially between the radially inner and the radially outer partial coil system (C1, C2), and being coaxial with respect to the two partial coil systems (C1, C2), wherein the radially inner partial coil system (C1) produces a homogeneous field in the working volume (AV) and the radially outer partial coil system (C2) produces an inhomogeneous field in the working volume (AV) is characterized in that the radially outer partial coil system (C2) produces, together with the magnetic field forming device (P), a homogeneous field in the working volume (AV), wherein the magnetic material of the field forming device (P) is largely magnetically saturated with its magnetization pointing substantially in a direction along the z axis. In this fashion, a homogenized radially inner partial coil system (C1) can be supplemented with an inhomogeneous radially outer partial coil system (C2), such that, through the use of a magnetic field forming device (P), the overall resulting magnet arrangement once more produces a homogeneous magnetic field in the working volume of the magnet arrangement.

5. 发明申请

US20070227623A1 Method for producing a superconductive element 有权
标题翻译：超导元件的制造方法
公开(公告)号：US20070227623A1
公开(公告)日：2007-10-04
申请号：US11223039
申请日：2005-09-12
申请人： Rene Fluekiger , Vital Abaecherli , Daniel Eckert
发明人： Rene Fluekiger , Vital Abaecherli , Daniel Eckert
IPC分类号： H01L39/24
CPC分类号： H01L39/2409 , C22F1/08 , Y10T29/49014
摘要： A method for producing a superconductive element, in particular a multifilament wire, starting from a composite (1) comprising a bronze matrix containing Cu and Sn, in which at least one elongated structure containing Nb or an Nb alloy, in particular NbTa, is embedded, whereby in a first step the composite is extruded at a temperature between 300° C. and 750° C., followed by cold or hot working and annealing steps in which the composite is elongated in parallel to the elongated structure and softened by temperature treatment, followed by a stacking step, in which a multitude of elongated composites from the preceding cold or hot working steps are bundled, the steps of extruding, elongating, annealing and stacking being repeated one or more times, followed by a final elongating process, including intermediate annealing processes, in which the composite is elongated to its final length, the superconductive phase being obtained by a heat treatment including a solid state diffusion reaction is characterized in that at least part of the elongating steps and annealing steps are performed by isothermal hot rolling in a temperature region between 450° C. and 750° C. at or above recrystallization temperature of the bronze matrix.
摘要翻译：一种由包含Cu和Sn的青铜基体的复合材料（1）开始制造超导元件，特别是复丝的方法，其中至少包含Nb或Nb合金，特别是NbTa的细长结构被嵌入，其中在第一步骤中，复合材料在300℃和750℃之间的温度下挤出，随后冷或热加工和退火步骤，其中复合材料与细长结构平行延伸并通过温度处理软化然后进行堆叠步骤，其中将来自先前冷或热加工步骤的多个细长复合材料捆扎在一起，挤出，拉伸，退火和堆叠的步骤重复一次或多次，随后进行最终拉伸工艺，包括中间退火工艺，其中复合材料延伸到其最终长度，超导相通过包括固态扩散试验的热处理获得其特征在于，在青铜基体的重结晶温度以上或以上，在450℃〜750℃的温度范围内，通过等温热轧进行至少一部分延伸工序和退火工序。

6. 发明授权

US06265960B1 Actively shielded magnet system with Z2 shim 有权
标题翻译：主动屏蔽磁体系统与Z2垫片
公开(公告)号：US06265960B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-24
申请号：US09643933
申请日：2000-08-23
申请人： Robert Schauwecker , Pierre-Alain Bovier , Daniel Eckert
发明人： Robert Schauwecker , Pierre-Alain Bovier , Daniel Eckert
IPC分类号： G01V300
CPC分类号： G01R33/421 , G01R33/3815 , G01R33/3875
摘要： A magnet system for magnetic resonance spectrometers comprising an actively shielded superconducting magnet with a radially inner and a radially outer coil system (M1, M2), wherein the two coil systems carry the same current and have identical opposite dipole moments, and comprising a shim coil system for correcting magnetic field inhomogeneities in the working volume, whose z component varies in proportion to z2, is characterized in that the shim coil system comprises a radially inner shim coil set (Si) which is inductively decoupled from the magnet system and generates a magnetic field in the working volume, whose z component varies like &Dgr;H0 +c2·z2 with c2=const., and a radially outer shim coil set (Sa) which is also inductively decoupled from the magnet system and generates a homogeneous magnetic field −&Dgr;H0 in the working volume. This produces a Z2 shim system with technically simple means which is, on the one hand, compact and does not waste any unnecessary space in the area of the magnet windings, and on the other hand is not susceptible to disturbances due to fluctuating external magnetic fields.
摘要翻译：一种用于磁共振光谱仪的磁体系统，包括具有径向内部和径向外部线圈系统（M1，M2）的主动屏蔽超导磁体，其中两个线圈系统承载相同的电流并具有相同的相反偶极矩，并且包括垫片线圈用于校正其z分量与z2成比例变化的工作体积中的磁场不均匀性的系统的特征在于，垫片线圈系统包括径向内部垫片线圈组（Si），其从磁体系统感应地解耦并产生磁其z分量随着具有c2 = const的DELTAH0 + c2.z2而变化，以及径向外部垫片线圈组（Sa），其也与磁体系统电感解耦并产生均匀的磁场-DELTAH0 工作量。这产生了一种技术上简单的方法的Z2垫片系统，其一方面是紧凑的，并且不会浪费磁铁绕组区域中的不必要的空间，另一方面不易受到外部磁场波动的干扰。

7. 发明申请

US20070238620A1 SUPERCONDUCTIVE ELEMENT CONTAINING Nb3Sn 有权
标题翻译：含有Nb3Sn的超导元素
公开(公告)号：US20070238620A1
公开(公告)日：2007-10-11
申请号：US11279282
申请日：2006-04-11
申请人： Rene Flukiger , Vital Abacherli , Davide Ughietti , Daniel Eckert
发明人： Rene Flukiger , Vital Abacherli , Davide Ughietti , Daniel Eckert
IPC分类号： H01L39/24
CPC分类号： H01L39/14 , H01L39/2409 , Y10S505/806 , Y10S505/821 , Y10S505/917 , Y10S505/919 , Y10S505/92 , Y10T29/49014
摘要： A superconductive element containing Nb3Sn, in particular a multifilament wire, comprising at least one superconductive filament (8) which is obtained by a solid state diffusion reaction from a preliminary filament structure (1), said preliminary filament structure (1) containing an elongated hollow pipe (2) having an inner surface (3) and an outer surface (4), wherein said hollow pipe (2) consists of Nb or an Nb alloy, in particular NbTa, wherein the outer surface (4) is in close contact with a surrounding bronze matrix (5) containing Cu and Sn, and wherein the inner surface (3) is in close contact with an inner bronze matrix (5) also containing Cu and Sn, is characterized in that the inner bronze matrix (5) of the preliminary filament structure (1) encloses in its central region an elongated core (6) consisting of a metallic material, said metallic material having at room temperature (=RT) a thermal expansion coefficient αcore 300 MPa, said metallic material having at RT an elongation at rupture A>20%, and wherein the metallic material of the core (6) is chemically inert with respect to the material of the inner bronze matrix (5) up to a reaction temperature T of the solid state diffusion reaction. This element has improved superconductive properties in a large volume fraction of its superconductive filaments, in particular a high critical temperature Tc and a high critical magnetic filed strength Bc2, and is mechanically stable enough for commercial applications such as magnet coils.
摘要翻译：包含Nb 3 Sn的超导元件，特别是复丝线，其包含通过来自预备丝状结构（1）的固态扩散反应获得的至少一个超导细丝（8），所述初步所述长丝结构（1）包含具有内表面（3）和外表面（4）的细长中空管（2），其中所述中空管（2）由Nb或Nb合金，特别是NbTa组成，其中外表面（4）与包含Cu和Sn的周围的青铜基体（5）紧密接触，并且其中内表面（3）与还含有Cu和Sn的内部青铜基体（5）紧密接触，其特征在于预备丝结构（1）的内部青铜基体（5）在其中心区域中包围由金属材料构成的细长芯（6），所述金属材料在室温（= RT）下具有热膨胀系数α< 核心 <17 * 优选α核心，优选α核心，其中， 1，所述金属材料在RT处具有屈服强度R p2.2×300MPa，所述金属材料在RT处具有断裂伸长率A> 20％，并且其中金属材料相对于内部青铜基体（5）的材料，芯（6）的化学惰性为固态扩散反应的反应温度T. 该元件在其超导细丝的大体积分数，特别是高临界温度T c和高临界磁场强度B c2中具有改进的超导性能，并且是机械稳定地适用于诸如磁体线圈的商业应用。

8. 发明申请

US20070051116A1 Device for loss-free cryogen cooling of a cryostat configuration 审中-公开
标题翻译：低温恒温器配置的无损冷冻剂冷却装置
公开(公告)号：US20070051116A1
公开(公告)日：2007-03-08
申请号：US11171429
申请日：2005-07-01
申请人： Agnes Glemot , Dietrich Vogel , Daniel Eckert
发明人： Agnes Glemot , Dietrich Vogel , Daniel Eckert
IPC分类号： F25B9/00 , F25B19/00
CPC分类号： F25D19/00 , F25B9/10 , F25B9/145 , F25B2309/1408 , F25B2400/17
摘要： A cooling device (7) for re-liquefying cryogenic gases, comprising an outer jacket (8) which delimits a vacuum chamber (9), and a cryocooler cold head (10) installed therein, which has at least two cold stages (11, 12) and is at least partially surrounded by a radiation shield (13) is characterized in that at least two cold stages (11, 12) of the cold head (10) are separately individually connected in a heat-conducting manner to a heat-transferring device (14a, 14b) which can be inserted into the neck or suspension tubes (3a, 3b) of a cryostat (1) for keeping at least two different cryogenic liquids (18a, 18b). The cooling device can be easily retrofitted into existing cryostat configurations, in particular, those containing superconducting magnets and without (or with minimum) adjustment to permit operation with no or little cryogen loss, even if several cryogens are used.
摘要翻译：一种用于重新液化低温气体的冷却装置（7），包括限定真空室（9）的外套（8）和安装在其中的低温冷却头（10），所述冷却装置具有至少两个冷段 12）并且被辐射屏蔽（13）至少部分地包围，其特征在于，所述冷头（10）的至少两个冷却台（11,12）以导热方式单独地独立地连接到热 - 转移装置（14a，14b），其可以插入用于保持至少两种不同的低温液体（18a，18b）的低温恒温器（1）的颈部或悬挂管（3a，3b）中。冷却装置可以容易地改装成现有的低温恒温器配置，特别是那些包含超导磁体和没有（或最小））调节的低温恒温器配置，以允许没有或少量冷冻剂损失的操作，即使使用几种冷冻剂。

9. 发明授权

US10555378B2 Vehicle heater and method for producing a vehicle heater 有权
公开(公告)号：US10555378B2
公开(公告)日：2020-02-04
申请号：US14379087
申请日：2013-02-07
申请人： Dietmar Bytzek , Thorsten Kabelitz , Karl Goettl , Daniel Eckert
发明人： Dietmar Bytzek , Thorsten Kabelitz , Karl Goettl , Daniel Eckert
IPC分类号： H05B3/26 , G01K7/16
摘要： A vehicle heater comprises a main body carrying a non-intrinsically safe heat conductor layer, and a sensor device allocated to the heat conductor layer and provided to detect an exceedance of a temperature threshold value. The sensor device comprises a sensor layer arranged on the side of the heat conductor layer facing away from the main body which is monitored for current flows which may occur substantially in the direction of its surface normal. In a method for producing a vehicle heater a main body of the vehicle heater is equipped with a non-intrinsically safe heat conductor, and a sensor device for detecting exceedances of a temperature threshold value. A sensor layer provided to be monitored for current flows which may occur substantially in the direction of the surface normal of the sensor layer is allocated to the heat conductor layer on its side facing away from the main body to form the sensor device.

10. 发明授权

US07474099B2 NMR apparatus with commonly cooled probe head and cryogenic container and method for the operation thereof 有权
标题翻译：具有通常冷却的探针头和低温容器的NMR装置及其操作方法
公开(公告)号：US07474099B2
公开(公告)日：2009-01-06
申请号：US11509778
申请日：2006-08-25
申请人： Johannes Boesel , Agnès Glémot , Daniel Eckert , Daniel Guy Baumann
发明人： Johannes Boesel , Agnès Glémot , Daniel Eckert , Daniel Guy Baumann
IPC分类号： G01V3/00
CPC分类号： F25D19/006 , F25B9/10 , F25B9/145 , F25B2309/1418 , F25B2400/17 , G01R33/31 , G01R33/3815
摘要： An NMR apparatus comprising an NMR magnet system disposed in a first cryocontainer (2) of a cryostat (9), and an NMR probe head (1), wherein the first cryocontainer (2) is installed in an evacuated outer jacket and is surrounded by a radiation shield (24) and/or a further cryocontainer (3), wherein a cooling device is provided for cooling the NMR probe head (1) and a cryocontainer (2, 3), which comprises a cold head (4, 4a, 4b, 4c) with several cold stages (12a, 12b, 12c, 18a, 18b, 18c, 19a), wherein one cold stage (12a, 12b, 12c, 18a, 18b, 18c, 19a) is connected to a heat-transferring device, and wherein a cooling circuit is provided between the cooling device and the NMR probe head (1), is characterized in that the cooling device is disposed in a separate, evacuated housing (6) which is positioned directly above the cryostat (9), wherein the heat-transferring device is inserted directly into suspension tubes (29a, 29c) of the cryocontainer (2, 3) and/or is in contact with the radiation shield (24). This effects a simple construction that is efficient for cooling an NMR apparatus.
摘要翻译：一种NMR装置，包括设置在低温恒温器（9）的第一低温容器（2）中的NMR磁体系统和NMR探针头（1），其中第一低温容器（2）安装在抽真空的外护套中并被辐射屏蔽（24）和/或另外的低温容器（3），其中提供冷却装置用于冷却NMR探针头（1）和低温容器（2,3），冷冻装置包括冷头（4,4a， 4b，4c）具有多个冷段（12a，12b，12c，18a，18b，18c，19a），其中一个冷段（12a，12b，12c，18a，18b，18c，19a）连接到传热装置，并且其中在所述冷却装置和所述NMR探针头（1）之间设置有冷却回路，其特征在于，所述冷却装置设置在分开的真空壳体（6）中，所述外壳直接位于所述低温恒温器（9）的正上方，，其中所述传热装置直接插入所述低温容器（2,3）的悬挂管（29a，29c）中和/或与所述辐射接触在屏蔽（24）上。这实现了用于冷却NMR装置的有效的简单结构。

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