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1. 发明授权

US06330097B1 High-speed electro-optic modulator 失效
标题翻译：高速电光调制器
公开(公告)号：US06330097B1
公开(公告)日：2001-12-11
申请号：US09288439
申请日：1999-04-08
申请人： Qiushui Chen , Gary Y. Wang , Paul Melman , Kevin Zou , Hua Jiang , Run Zhang , Jing Zhao , Dean Tsang , Feiling Wang
发明人： Qiushui Chen , Gary Y. Wang , Paul Melman , Kevin Zou , Hua Jiang , Run Zhang , Jing Zhao , Dean Tsang , Feiling Wang
IPC分类号： G02B2600
CPC分类号： G02F1/055 , G02F1/0555 , G02F1/0556 , G02F2201/17 , G02F2203/06 , G02F2203/48
摘要： An optical modulator is provided to control the intensity of a transmitted or reflected light. In a transmission mode, a separator splits arbitrarily polarized light into two polarization rays and one is made to travel a separate path from the other. A recombiner causes the two rays to recombine at an output unless an electro-optic phase retarder changes the polarization of the two rays, in which case, both of them miss the output by an amount which is a function of the voltage on the retarder. A normally-off version with low polarization mode dispersion is obtained by changing the orientation of the recombiner. A normally-on version with low polarization mode dispersion is obtained with a passive polarization direction rotator. Similar results can be obtained in a reflection mode where the input and output are on the same side of the modulator. Versions using a GRIN lens are particularly suited to modulation of light out of and back into fiber-optic cables. The device can be operated as a variable optical attenuator, an optical switch, or a high speed modulator and is insensitive to polarization of the input light. A preferred material for the phase retarder is a hot-pressed ceramic lead lanthanum zirconate titanate composition.
摘要翻译：提供光调制器以控制透射或反射光的强度。在透射模式中，分离器将任意偏振光分离成两个偏振光，一个偏振光从另一个行进。重组器会导致两条射线在输出端重新组合，除非电光相位延迟器改变两个射线的极化，在这种情况下，它们都将输出误差减去延迟器上的电压的函数。通过改变重组器的取向，获得具有低偏振模色散的常关型。使用无源偏振方向旋转器获得具有低偏振模色散的常导版本。在输入和输出位于调制器的同一侧的反射模式下可以获得类似的结果。使用GRIN镜头的版本特别适用于调制光纤到光纤的光纤。该器件可以作为可变光衰减器，光开关或高速调制器操作，并且对输入光的偏振不敏感。用于相缓凝剂的优选材料是热压陶瓷铅锆酸镧锆酸盐组合物。

2. 发明授权

US06404538B1 High-speed electro-optic modulator 失效
标题翻译：高速电光调制器
公开(公告)号：US06404538B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-11
申请号：US09695538
申请日：2000-10-24
申请人： Qiushui Chen , Gary Y. Wang , Paul Melman , Kevin Zou , Hua Jiang , Run Zhang , Jing Zhao , Dean Tsang , Feiling Wang
发明人： Qiushui Chen , Gary Y. Wang , Paul Melman , Kevin Zou , Hua Jiang , Run Zhang , Jing Zhao , Dean Tsang , Feiling Wang
IPC分类号： G02F100
CPC分类号： G02F1/055 , G02F1/0555 , G02F1/0556 , G02F2201/17 , G02F2203/06 , G02F2203/48
摘要： An optical modulator is provided to control the intensity of a transmitted or reflected light. In a transmission mode, a separator splits arbitrarily polarized light into two polarization rays and one is made to travel a separate path from the other. A recombiner causes the two rays to recombine at an output unless an electro-optic phase retarder changes the polarization of the two rays, in which case, both of them miss the output by an amount which is a function of the voltage on the retarder. A normally-off version with low polarization mode dispersion is obtained by changing the orientation of the recombiner. A normally-on version with low polarization mode dispersion is obtained with a passive polarization direction rotator. Similar results can be obtained in a reflection mode where the input and output are on the same side of the modulator. Versions using a GRIN lens are particularly suited to modulation of light out of and back into fiber-optic cables. The device can be operated as a variable optical attenuator, an optical switch, or a high speed modulator and is insensitive to polarization of the input light. A preferred material for the phase retarder is a hot-pressed ceramic lead lanthanum zirconate titanate composition.
摘要翻译：提供光调制器以控制透射或反射光的强度。在透射模式中，分离器将任意偏振光分离成两个偏振光，一个偏振光从另一个行进。重组器会导致两条射线在输出端重新组合，除非电光相位延迟器改变两个射线的极化，在这种情况下，它们都将输出误差减去延迟器上的电压的函数。通过改变重组器的取向，获得具有低偏振模色散的常关型。使用无源偏振方向旋转器获得具有低偏振模色散的常导版本。在输入和输出位于调制器的同一侧的反射模式下可以获得类似的结果。使用GRIN镜头的版本特别适用于调制光纤到光纤的光纤。该器件可以作为可变光衰减器，光开关或高速调制器操作，并且对输入光的偏振不敏感。用于相缓凝剂的优选材料是热压陶瓷铅锆酸镧锆酸盐组合物。

3. 发明授权

US6137619A High-speed electro-optic modulator 有权
公开(公告)号：US6137619A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-24
申请号：US158224
申请日：1998-09-22
申请人： Qiushui Chen , Gary Y. Wang , Paul Melman , Kevin Zou , Hua Jiang , Run Zhang , Jing Zhao
发明人： Qiushui Chen , Gary Y. Wang , Paul Melman , Kevin Zou , Hua Jiang , Run Zhang , Jing Zhao
IPC分类号： G02F1/055 , G02F1/03
CPC分类号： G02F1/055 , G02F1/0555 , G02F1/0556 , G02F2201/17 , G02F2203/06 , G02F2203/48
摘要： An optical modulator is provided to control the intensity of a transmitted or reflected light. In a transmission mode, a separator splits arbitrarily polarized light into two polarization rays and one is made to travel a separate path from the other. A recombiner causes the two rays to recombine at an output unless an electro-optic phase retarder changes the polarization of the two rays, in which case, both of them miss the output by an amount which is a function of the voltage on the retarder. A normally-off version with low polarization mode dispersion is obtained by changing the orientation of the recombiner. A normally-on version with low polarization mode dispersion is obtained with a passive polarization direction rotator. Similar results can be obtained in a reflection mode where the input and output are on the same side of the modulator. Versions using a GRIN lens are particularly suited to modulation of light out of and back into fiber-optic cables. The device can be operated as a variable optical attenuator, an optical switch, or a high speed modulator and is insensitive to polarization of the input light. A preferred material for the phase retarder is a hot-pressed ceramic lead lanthanum zirconate titanate composition.

4. 发明授权

US06522456B2 Dynamic optical filter 有权
公开(公告)号：US06522456B2
公开(公告)日：2003-02-18
申请号：US09848766
申请日：2001-05-04
申请人： Qiushui Chen , Hua Jiang , Yingyin Zou , Dean Tsang , Paul Melman , Feiling Wang , Guanghai Jin , Jing Zhao
发明人： Qiushui Chen , Hua Jiang , Yingyin Zou , Dean Tsang , Paul Melman , Feiling Wang , Guanghai Jin , Jing Zhao
IPC分类号： G02F100
CPC分类号： G02F1/21 , G02F2001/212 , G02F2202/40 , G02F2203/055 , G02F2203/48
摘要： An apparatus and method for filtering an optical input is disclosed. In an illustrative embodiment, an optical input is split into polarization components along separate paths. The polarization components are then fed into a first electro-optic device that includes a set of electrodes across which a voltage is applied to adjust a wavelength transmission characteristic of the device. A section of the first device positioned between the electrodes preferably has a birefringence that is adjusted depending on the voltage applied across the electrodes. The adjusted components of the optical input are thereafter combined to produce an optical output. Accordingly, the optical input can be attenuated based on the voltage applied to electrodes of the first electro-optic device.

5. 发明授权

US06229934B1 High-speed low-loss fiber-optic switches 失效
标题翻译：高速低损耗光纤交换机
公开(公告)号：US06229934B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-08
申请号：US09158000
申请日：1998-09-22
申请人： Paul Melman , Yingyin Zou , Hua Jiang , Feiling Wang , Jing Zhao
发明人： Paul Melman , Yingyin Zou , Hua Jiang , Feiling Wang , Jing Zhao
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： G02B6/2848 , G02F1/31
摘要： The invention provides a fiber-optic 2×2 switch using a dual-fiber 50:50 input coupler and a dual-fiber 50:50 output coupler. One fiber from each coupler makes contact to an inner transparent electrode on a planar layer of electro-optic material and the other fibers make contact to an outer transparent electrode on the layer. The electro-optic layer has its other side coated with a transparent electrode which is placed in optical contact with one end of a GRIN lens. The fibers are arranged so that the inner fibers are at conjugate points and the outer fibers also at conjugate points of the lens. The other end of the lens is coated with a mirror. Applying a voltage between either the inner or outer electrode changes the optical path length for the light from and to the fibers traveling through the material under the selected electrode causing the light from the two input fibers to be switched between the two output fibers. 2×N switches can be constructed by concatenating 2×2 switches. The switch can also be used as a modulator. A convenient fiber alignment method is described.
摘要翻译：本发明提供一种使用双光纤50:50输入耦合器和双光纤50:50输出耦合器的光纤2x2开关。来自每个耦合器的一根光纤与电光材料的平面层上的内部透明电极接触，并且其它光纤与层上的外部透明电极接触。电光层的另一侧涂有透明电极，该透明电极与GRIN透镜的一端放置成光学接触。纤维布置成使得内纤维在共轭点处，外纤维也在透镜的共轭点处。透镜的另一端涂有镜子。在内部电极或外部电极之间施加电压改变来自穿过选定电极之下的材料的光的光路长度，从而使来自两个输入光纤的光在两个输出光纤之间切换。 2xN开关可以通过连接2x2开关构成。开关也可以用作调制器。描述了方便的光纤对准方法。

6. 发明授权

US06239900B1 Reflective fiber-optic isolator 失效
标题翻译：反光光纤隔离器
公开(公告)号：US06239900B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-29
申请号：US09397615
申请日：1999-09-16
申请人： Qiushui Chen , Run Zhang , Paul Melman
发明人： Qiushui Chen , Run Zhang , Paul Melman
IPC分类号： G02B530
CPC分类号： G02F1/093 , G02B5/3083 , Y10S372/703
摘要： In a device having a fiber-optic cables, one that is normally an input and one that is normally an out output for light transmission through the device, a first polarization sensitive deflector encompassing the normal input beam and a second polarization sensitive deflector encompassing the normal output beam is followed by a polarization interchanger that interchanges the polarization of beams traveling from the input to the output and leaves unchanged the polarization of beams traveling from the output to the input. This is, in turn, followed by a third polarization sensitive deflector encompassing the input beam and a fourth polarization sensitive deflector encompassing the output beam. Lastly, a lens having a reflector on the side opposite the input and output fibers reflects light beams from the input to the output and conversely. The deflectors encompassing the input beam are arranged to produce a deflection in one direction and the deflectors encompassing the output beam produce a deflection in another direction at least at a 45° angle to the direction of the deflectors encmpassing the input beam. When light travels backwards from the normal output cable to the input cable, the two-dimensional deflections reduce the light that reach the input cable due to imperfections in the optical components, but the deflectors and interchangers are still arranged to maximize the transmission from the normal input to the output cable.
摘要翻译：在具有光纤电缆的设备中，通常是输入端的设备和通常通过设备的光传输的外部输出的设备，包含正常输入光束的第一偏振敏感偏转器和包围正常输入光束的第二偏振敏感偏转器输出光束后面是一个极化交换器，它将从输入端传播到输出端的光束的极化相互交换，并保持从输出到输入的光束的极化。这又是一个围绕输入光束的第三偏振敏感偏转器和包围输出光束的第四偏振敏感偏转器。最后，在与输入和输出光纤相对的一侧具有反射器的透镜反射从输入到输出的光束，反之亦然。围绕输入光束的偏转器被布置成在一个方向上产生偏转，并且包围输出光束的偏转器在另一个方向上产生与包围输入光束的偏转器的方向至少成45°角的偏转。当光从正常输出电缆向后传播到输入电缆时，由于光学部件的缺陷，二维偏转减少了到达输入电缆的光，但是偏转器和互换器仍然布置成使从正常输入到输出电缆。

7. 发明授权

US06175667B1 High-speed polarization-insensitive electro-optic modulator 有权
标题翻译：高速偏振不敏感电光调制器
公开(公告)号：US06175667B1
公开(公告)日：2001-01-16
申请号：US09157999
申请日：1998-09-22
申请人： Feiling Wang , Yingyin Zou , Paul Melman , Hua Jiang
发明人： Feiling Wang , Yingyin Zou , Paul Melman , Hua Jiang
IPC分类号： G02F1035
CPC分类号： G02F1/21 , G02B6/266 , G02F1/0311 , G02F1/0551 , G02F2203/02 , G02F2203/06 , G02F2203/48
摘要： There is provided a device for use with fiber-optic cables for polarization insensitive amplitude modulation of light comprising a planar electro-optic layer with a reflective conductive mirror electrode on one side and a pair of transparent conductive electrodes on the other. The transparent conductive electrodes have a small separation along a straight line. A GRIN lens has one end in optical contact with the transparent conductive electrodes with its axis located over the line separating the electrodes. An input optical fiber and an output optical fiber are placed in optical contact with the other end of the lens at points which are symmetrically displaced from the axis of the lens. Light coming from input fiber is collimated by the GRIN lens and directed to the transparent electrodes, through the electro-optic layer and to the mirror from which it is reflected and refocused by the GRIN lens onto the output fiber. Applying a voltage between any of the transparent electrodes and the reflecting electrode changes the optical path length for half the beam so that when it is refocused on the output fiber, the two halves interfere constructively of destructively, depending on the change in path length. In one version, the electro-optic layer is a PLZT ceramic plate, while in others, it is a thick or thin film. In still other versions, two or more electro-optic layers are used in series in order to reduce the voltage required for the same optical path length change. A means to eliminate residual sensitivity to polarization sensitivity is described.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于光的偏振不敏感幅度调制的光纤电缆的装置，包括在一侧具有反射导电镜电极的平面电光层和另一侧的一对透明导电电极。透明导电电极沿着直线具有小的间隔。 GRIN透镜的一端与透明导电电极光学接触，其轴线位于分离电极的线上。输入光纤和输出光纤被放置成与透镜的另一端在与透镜的轴对称位移的点处光学接触。来自输入光纤的光由GRIN透镜准直，并通过电光层和反射镜引导到透明电极，并将其从GRIN透镜反射并重新聚焦到输出光纤上。在任何透明电极和反射电极之间施加电压，改变光束的一半的光路长度，使得当它被重新聚焦在输出光纤上时，根据路径长度的变化，这两半的破坏性构造地相互干扰。在一个版本中，电光层是PLZT陶瓷板，而在其它版本中，它是厚或薄的膜。在其他版本中，串联使用两个或多个电光层，以便减少相同光程长度变化所需的电压。描述了消除极化灵敏度的残余灵敏度的手段。

8. 发明授权

US06404537B1 Polarization transformer 失效
标题翻译：极化变压器
公开(公告)号：US06404537B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-11
申请号：US09519293
申请日：2000-03-06
申请人： Paul Melman , Yingyin Zou , Qiushui Chen
发明人： Paul Melman , Yingyin Zou , Qiushui Chen
IPC分类号： G05F133
CPC分类号： G02F1/0555 , G02F1/0136
摘要： A polarization transformer includes at least one plate of transparent polycrystalline material which has an optical axis oriented perpendicular to a propagation direction of incident radiation having a first polarization state. The plate includes electrodes for applying an electric field across a plane of the plate perpendicular to the propagation direction so as to provide controlled phase change such that the polarization of radiation transmitted through the polarization transformer is transformed from the first polarization state to a second polarization state. The plate in a preferred embodiment comprises a ferroelectric complex oxide such as lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) material. Such a material provides devices that have very fast response (on the order of microseconds) and low insertion loss.
摘要翻译：偏振变换器包括至少一个透明多晶材料板，其具有垂直于具有第一偏振状态的入射辐射的传播方向定向的光轴。板包括用于垂直于传播方向在平板平面上施加电场的电极，以便提供受控的相位变化，使得透过偏振变换器的辐射的偏振从第一偏振状态转变为第二偏振状态。优选实施例中的板包括铁电复合氧化物，例如锆钛酸铅镧（PLZT）材料。这种材料提供了具有非常快的响应（微秒数量级）和低插入损耗的器件。

9. 发明申请

US20070135693A1 Interferometric Method and Instrument for Measurement and Monitoring Blood Glucose Through Measurement of Tissue Refractive Index 失效
$Interferometric Method and Instrument for Measurement and Monitoring Blood Glucose Through Measurement of Tissue Refractive Index$
标题翻译：通过测量组织折射率测量和监测血糖的干涉测量方法和仪器
公开(公告)号：US20070135693A1
公开(公告)日：2007-06-14
申请号：US11610268
申请日：2006-12-13
申请人： Paul Melman , Stephen Cohen
发明人： Paul Melman , Stephen Cohen
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/0066 , A61B5/14532 , A61B5/14558
摘要： A method of measuring glucose concentration in tissue includes measuring scattering coefficients of the tissue at each of a plurality of temperatures and at a selected tissue depth using optical coherence tomography, and determining the glucose concentration in interstitial fluid of the tissue as a function of the measured scattering coefficients.
摘要翻译：测量组织中葡萄糖浓度的方法包括使用光学相干断层摄影测量在多个温度和选定的组织深度中的每一个处的组织的散射系数，并且根据所测量的组织测定组织中的组织液中的葡萄糖浓度散射系数。

10. 发明授权

US5261017A Optical waveguide enhanced laser to fiber coupling 失效
标题翻译：光波导增强激光到光纤耦合
公开(公告)号：US5261017A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-09
申请号：US977383
申请日：1992-11-17
申请人： Paul Melman , Jagannath Chirravuri
发明人： Paul Melman , Jagannath Chirravuri
IPC分类号： G02B6/30 , G02B6/42
CPC分类号： G02B6/30 , G02B6/4206
摘要： Apparatus for improving the coupling efficiency of a laser to a single mode fiber by means of an intermediate waveguide is disclosed. For uniform waveguides maximum improvement results when waveguide's mode field radii MFR is designed as the geometrical mean of the MFR of the laser and the MFR of the fiber. The apparatus can be extended to multi-stage couplers. Each successive stage is designed to have a spot size which is the geometric mean of the section before and after. With only a small number of stages significant improvement in coupling efficiency can be realized.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于通过中间波导将激光器耦合到单模光纤的耦合效率的装置。对于均匀的波导，当波导的模场半径MFR被设计为激光的MFR的几何平均值和光纤的MFR时，最大的改进结果。该装置可以扩展到多级耦合器。每个连续阶段被设计成具有一个斑点大小，其是前后部分的几何平均值。只有很少的阶段才能实现耦合效率的显着提高。

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