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1. 发明授权

US6125435A Alignment of cluster address to block addresses within a semiconductor non-volatile mass storage memory 失效
标题翻译：集群地址与半导体非易失性大容量存储器内的块地址的对齐
公开(公告)号：US6125435A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-26
申请号：US976557
申请日：1997-11-24
申请人： Petro Estakhri , Berhau Imam
发明人： Petro Estakhri , Berhau Imam
IPC分类号： G06F3/06 , G06F11/10 , G06F12/02 , G11C16/08 , G11C16/10 , G11C29/00 , G06F13/28
CPC分类号： G06F12/023 , G06F12/0246 , G06F3/061 , G06F3/064 , G06F3/0679 , G11C16/08 , G11C16/102 , G11C29/765 , G11C29/82 , G06F11/1068
摘要： A digital system is disclosed for use with a host, the digital system including a controller and a nonvolatile memory unit having memory locations organized in blocks with each block having a plurality of sectors for storing information provided by the host in the form of non-user data files and user data files, the controller for controlling reading, writing and erasing operations performed on the nonvolatile memory, the host providing to the controller an address, identifying the starting location of the user file to the controller, and a user file identified by a starting sector address for storage within the nonvolatile memory unit. The controller finds a free block within the nonvolatile memory unit that is available for storage of information, and aligns the user file starting address with the beginning of the free block, and stores the user file within the free block starting with the beginning of the free block. If the user file extends beyond the size of the free block, the remainder of the user file is stored within blocks subsequent to the free block, wherein each time a user data file is stored in the nonvolatile memory unit, the beginning of the user data file is aligned with the beginning of the block thereby increasing performance in writing user files, and decreasing the number of erase and write operations performed on the nonvolatile memory unit.
摘要翻译：公开了一种与主机一起使用的数字系统，数字系统包括控制器和非易失性存储器单元，其具有以块为单位组织的存储器位置，每个块具有用于存储主机以非用户形式提供的信息的多个扇区数据文件和用户数据文件，用于控制对非易失性存储器执行的读取，写入和擦除操作的控制器，主机向控制器提供将控制器的用户文件的起始位置识别的地址，以及由用户文件识别的用户文件用于存储在非易失性存储器单元内的起始扇区地址。控制器在非易失性存储器单元中找到可用于存储信息的空闲块，并将用户文件起始地址与空闲块的开头对齐，并将用户文件存储在空闲块中，从空闲块的开始开始块。如果用户文件超出了空闲块的大小，则该用户文件的剩余部分存储在空闲块之后的块内，其中每当用户数据文件存储在非易失性存储器单元中时，用户数据的开头文件与块的开始对齐，从而提高写入用户文件的性能，并减少对非易失性存储器单元执行的擦除和写入操作的次数。

2. 发明授权

US08477530B2 Non-uniform switching based non-volatile magnetic based memory 有权
公开(公告)号：US08477530B2
公开(公告)日：2013-07-02
申请号：US13305646
申请日：2011-11-28
申请人： Rajiv Yadav Ranjan , Petro Estakhri , Mahmud Assar , Parviz Keshtbod
发明人： Rajiv Yadav Ranjan , Petro Estakhri , Mahmud Assar , Parviz Keshtbod
IPC分类号： G11C11/14
CPC分类号： H01L27/228 , B82Y10/00 , G11C11/161 , G11C11/1673 , G11C11/1675 , H01L43/08
摘要： A non-uniform switching based non-volatile magnetic memory element includes a fixed layer, a barrier layer formed on top of the fixed layer, a first free layer formed on top of the barrier layer, a non-uniform switching layer (NSL) formed on top of the first free layer, and a second free layer formed on top of the non-uniform switching layer. Switching current is applied, in a direction that is substantially perpendicular to the fixed layer, barrier layer, first free layer, non-uniform switching layer and the second free layer causing switching between states of the first free layer, second free layer and non-uniform switching layer with substantially reduced switching current.

3. 发明授权

US08291128B2 Systems configured to identify an operating mode 有权
标题翻译：配置为识别操作模式的系统
公开(公告)号：US08291128B2
公开(公告)日：2012-10-16
申请号：US13311150
申请日：2011-12-05
申请人： Petro Estakhri , Mahmud Assar
发明人： Petro Estakhri , Mahmud Assar
IPC分类号： G06F3/00
CPC分类号： G11C7/1045 , G06F13/4081 , G11C7/20
摘要： Systems having a host computer system, a memory device coupled to the host computer system, and identification circuitry. The identification circuitry is configured to identify an operating mode of the host computer system from comparing applied signals to sensed signals.
摘要翻译：具有主计算机系统的系统，耦合到主计算机系统的存储器件以及识别电路。识别电路被配置为通过将应用的信号与感测的信号进行比较来识别主计算机系统的操作模式。

4. 发明授权

US08161229B2 Flash memory architecture with separate storage of overhead and user data 有权
标题翻译：闪存体系结构，分开存储开销和用户数据
公开(公告)号：US08161229B2
公开(公告)日：2012-04-17
申请号：US12488973
申请日：2009-06-22
申请人： Petro Estakhri , Siamack Nemazie
发明人： Petro Estakhri , Siamack Nemazie
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F12/02
CPC分类号： G06F3/0605 , G06F3/0616 , G06F3/0631 , G06F3/064 , G06F3/0647 , G06F3/0679 , G06F12/0246 , G06F12/1009 , G06F2212/1036 , G06F2212/214 , G06F2212/657 , G06F2212/7201 , G06F2212/7204 , G06F2212/7211 , G11C16/102
摘要： A memory device has a plurality of dedicated data blocks for storing only user data and a plurality of dedicated overhead blocks for storing only overhead data. Current overhead segments of a dedicated overhead block can be consolidated and moved to a new dedicated overhead block.
摘要翻译：存储器装置具有用于仅存储用户数据的多个专用数据块和用于仅存储开销数据的多个专用开销块。可以将专用开销块的当前开销段整合并移动到新的专用开销块。

5. 发明申请

US20120079137A1 SYSTEMS CONFIGURED TO IDENTIFY AN OPERATING MODE 有权
标题翻译：系统配置为识别操作模式
公开(公告)号：US20120079137A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-29
申请号：US13311150
申请日：2011-12-05
申请人： Petro Estakhri , Mahmud Assar
发明人： Petro Estakhri , Mahmud Assar
IPC分类号： G06F3/00 , G06F12/02
CPC分类号： G11C7/1045 , G06F13/4081 , G11C7/20
摘要： Systems having a host computer system, a memory device coupled to the host computer system, and identification circuitry. The identification circuitry is configured to identify an operating mode of the host computer system from comparing applied signals to sensed signals.
摘要翻译：具有主计算机系统的系统，耦合到主计算机系统的存储器件以及识别电路。识别电路被配置为通过将应用的信号与感测的信号进行比较来识别主计算机系统的操作模式。

6. 发明申请

US20120068236A1 NON-UNIFORM SWITCHING BASED NON-VOLATILE MAGNETIC BASED MEMORY 有权
公开(公告)号：US20120068236A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-22
申请号：US13305668
申请日：2011-11-28
申请人： Rajiv Yadav Ranjan , Petro Estakhri , Mahmud Assar , Parviz Keshtbod
发明人： Rajiv Yadav Ranjan , Petro Estakhri , Mahmud Assar , Parviz Keshtbod
IPC分类号： H01L29/82 , H01L43/12
CPC分类号： H01L27/228 , B82Y10/00 , G11C11/161 , G11C11/1673 , G11C11/1675 , H01L43/08
摘要： A non-uniform switching based non-volatile magnetic memory element includes a fixed layer, a barrier layer formed on top of the fixed layer, a first free layer formed on top of the barrier layer, a non-uniform switching layer (NSL) formed on top of the first free layer, and a second free layer formed on top of the non-uniform switching layer. Switching current is applied, in a direction that is substantially perpendicular to the fixed layer, barrier layer, first free layer, non-uniform switching layer and the second free layer causing switching between states of the first free layer, second free layer and non-uniform switching layer with substantially reduced switching current.

7. 发明申请

US20110219175A1 STORAGE CAPACITY STATUS 有权
标题翻译：存储容量状态
公开(公告)号：US20110219175A1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-08
申请号：US13107513
申请日：2011-05-13
申请人： Petro Estakhri , Martin Ragnar Furuhjelm , Ngon Le , Jerrold Allen Beckmann , Neal Anthony Galbo , Steffen Markus Hellmold , Jarreth Romero Solomon
发明人： Petro Estakhri , Martin Ragnar Furuhjelm , Ngon Le , Jerrold Allen Beckmann , Neal Anthony Galbo , Steffen Markus Hellmold , Jarreth Romero Solomon
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G11C29/88 , G11C16/20
摘要： In one embodiment of the present invention, a memory device is disclosed to include memory organized into blocks, each block having a status associated therewith and all of the blocks of the nonvolatile memory having collectively a capacity status associated therewith and a display for showing the capacity status even when no power is being applied to the display.
摘要翻译：在本发明的一个实施例中，公开了一种存储器件，其包括被组织成块的存储器，每个块具有与之相关联的状态，并且所述非易失性存储器的所有块共同地与其相关联的容量状态以及用于显示容量的显示器即使没有电源被施加到显示器上也是如此。

8. 发明授权

US07774576B2 Direct logical block addressing flash memory mass storage architecture 有权
标题翻译：直接逻辑块寻址闪存大容量存储架构
公开(公告)号：US07774576B2
公开(公告)日：2010-08-10
申请号：US12426662
申请日：2009-04-20
申请人： Petro Estakhri , Mahmud Assar
发明人： Petro Estakhri , Mahmud Assar
IPC分类号： G06F12/08 , G06F9/24 , G06F9/34
CPC分类号： G11C29/765 , G06F3/0613 , G06F3/0616 , G06F3/064 , G06F3/0679 , G06F11/1068 , G06F12/023 , G06F12/0246 , G11C16/08 , G11C16/102 , G11C29/82
摘要： A nonvolatile semiconductor mass storage system and architecture can be substituted for a rotating hard disk. The system and architecture avoid an erase cycle each time information stored in the mass storage is changed. Erase cycles are avoided by programming an altered data file into an empty mass storage block rather than over itself as a hard disk would. Periodically, the mass storage will need to be cleaned up. These advantages are achieved through the use of several flags, and a map to correlate a logical block address of a block to a physical address of that block. In particular, flags are provided for defective blocks, used blocks, and old versions of a block. An array of volatile memory is addressable according to the logical address and stores the physical address.
摘要翻译：非易失性半导体大容量存储系统和架构可以代替旋转硬盘。每当存储在大容量存储器中的信息改变时，系统和架构避免了擦除周期。通过将更改的数据文件编程为空的大容量存储块而不是以硬盘为单位，可以避免擦除周期。定期地，大容量存储将需要清理。这些优点通过使用多个标志来实现，以及将块的逻辑块地址与该块的物理地址相关联的映射。特别地，为缺陷块，使用的块和块的旧版本提供标志。易失性存储器阵列根据逻辑地址可寻址，并存储物理地址。

9. 发明申请

US20090327595A1 STORAGE CAPACITY STATUS 有权
标题翻译：存储容量状态
公开(公告)号：US20090327595A1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-31
申请号：US12555574
申请日：2009-09-08
申请人： Petro Estakhri , Martin Ragnar Furuhjelm , Ngon Le , Jerrold Allen Beckmann , Neal Anthony Galbo , Steffen Markus Hellmold , Jarreth Romero Solomon
发明人： Petro Estakhri , Martin Ragnar Furuhjelm , Ngon Le , Jerrold Allen Beckmann , Neal Anthony Galbo , Steffen Markus Hellmold , Jarreth Romero Solomon
IPC分类号： G06F12/02 , G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G11C29/88 , G11C16/20
摘要： In one embodiment of the present invention, a memory device is disclosed to include memory organized into blocks, each block having a status associated therewith and all of the blocks of the nonvolatile memory having collectively a capacity status associated therewith and a display for showing the capacity status even when no power is being applied to the display.
摘要翻译：在本发明的一个实施例中，公开了一种存储器件，其包括被组织成块的存储器，每个块具有与之相关联的状态，并且所述非易失性存储器的所有块共同地与其相关联的容量状态以及用于显示容量的显示器即使没有电源被施加到显示器上也是如此。

10. 发明申请

US20090259807A1 FLASH MEMORY ARCHITECTURE WITH SEPARATE STORAGE OF OVERHEAD AND USER DATA 有权
标题翻译：具有独立存储和用户数据的闪存存储器架构
公开(公告)号：US20090259807A1
公开(公告)日：2009-10-15
申请号：US12488973
申请日：2009-06-22
申请人： Petro Estakhri , Siamack Nemazie
发明人： Petro Estakhri , Siamack Nemazie
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F12/02
CPC分类号： G06F3/0605 , G06F3/0616 , G06F3/0631 , G06F3/064 , G06F3/0647 , G06F3/0679 , G06F12/0246 , G06F12/1009 , G06F2212/1036 , G06F2212/214 , G06F2212/657 , G06F2212/7201 , G06F2212/7204 , G06F2212/7211 , G11C16/102
摘要： A memory device has a plurality of dedicated data blocks for storing only user data and a plurality of dedicated overhead blocks for storing only overhead data. Current overhead segments of a dedicated overhead block can be consolidated and moved to a new dedicated overhead block.
摘要翻译：存储器装置具有用于仅存储用户数据的多个专用数据块和用于仅存储开销数据的多个专用开销块。可以将专用开销块的当前开销段整合并移动到新的专用开销块。

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