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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Medical electrode and release liner configurations facilitating packaged electrode characterization
    • 医用电极和释放衬垫配置便于封装电极表征
    • US06694193B2
    • 2004-02-17
    • US09954750
    • 2001-09-14
    • Thomas D. LysterThomas SoloskoCarlton B. MorganKim J. HansenDaniel J. PowersHans Patrick GriesserEric L. JonsenDavid E. Snyder
    • Thomas D. LysterThomas SoloskoCarlton B. MorganKim J. HansenDaniel J. PowersHans Patrick GriesserEric L. JonsenDavid E. Snyder
    • A61N104
    • A61N1/0492A61N1/046A61N1/08A61N1/3925A61N2001/37294
    • An electrode includes a conductive adhesive layer and a conductive foil layer having a void therein. One such electrode may be mounted in conjunction with another electrode upon a release liner having one or more openings therein to facilitate electrical signal exchange between electrodes. A release liner may include a moisture permeable and/or moisture absorbent membrane. A release liner may alternatively include a conductive backing layer. A release liner may also include an insulating swatch covering an opening. A release liner may be implemented as a foldable sheet, such that multiple electrodes may be mounted upon the same side of the foldable sheet. A medical device to which the mounted electrodes are coupled may characterize the electrical path between the electrodes. The medical device may perform a variety of electrical measurements, including real and/or complex impedance measurements. Based upon one or more measurements, the medical device may provide an indication of electrode condition, fitness for use, and/or an estimated remaining lifetime. An electrode condition indicator, which may form a portion of the medical device, may generate, present, or display electrode condition and/or estimated remaining lifetime information via a visual metaphor, such as a fuel gauge.
    • 电极包括导电粘合剂层和在其中具有空隙的导电箔层。 一个这样的电极可以与另一电极结合安装在其上具有一个或多个开口的释放衬垫上以便于电极之间的电信号交换。 剥离衬垫可以包括透湿和/或吸湿膜。 替代地,剥离衬垫可以包括导电背衬层。 剥离衬垫还可以包括覆盖开口的绝缘样本。 剥离衬垫可以实现为可折叠片材,使得多个电极可以安装在可折叠片材的同一侧上。 安装的电极被耦合到的医疗装置可以表征电极之间的电路径。 医疗设备可以执行各种电测量,包括实际和/或复阻抗测量。 基于一个或多个测量,医疗设备可以提供电极状态,使用适应性和/或估计的剩余寿命的指示。 可以形成医疗装置的一部分的电极条件指示器可以经由诸如电量计的视觉比喻来生成,呈现或显示电极条件和/或估计的剩余寿命信息。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Impedance estimation with dynamic waveform control in an electrotherapy apparatus
    • 电疗仪中动态波形控制的阻抗估计
    • US06208898B1
    • 2001-03-27
    • US09277381
    • 1999-03-25
    • Bradford E. GlinerThomas D. Lyster
    • Bradford E. GlinerThomas D. Lyster
    • A61N139
    • A61N1/3943
    • An electrotherapy apparatus performs a low level impedance measurement upon the patient to determine the initial charge level on the capacitor used to deliver an electrotherapy waveform to the patient. In addition, the waveform applied to the patient is dynamically controlled to compensate for patient impedance variability. Determining the initial charge level in this manner prevents unnecessarily high peak currents from flowing in low impedance patients while maintaining peak current in high impedance patients at therapeutically beneficial levels. The electrotherapy apparatus includes a measuring device used for measuring a parameter related to the impedance of the patient. The parameter is used for determining low level patient impedance. The measuring device provides a voltage output used by a controller for determining the initial charge level of the capacitor. A first embodiment of a first electrotherapy apparatus includes four electronic switches to deliver a bi-phasic waveform to the patient. The first embodiment of the first electrotherapy apparatus further includes a comparator coupled to a timer to monitor the voltage across the capacitor and control the termination or extension of the waveform applied to the patient. A first embodiment of a second electrotherapy apparatus measures the charge delivered to the patient and sets the time of the first phase of the bi-phasic pulse based upon the time required to deliver a predetermined amount of charge to the patient.
    • 电疗设备对患者执行低电平阻抗测量以确定用于向患者传送电疗波形的电容器上的初始电荷水平。 此外,动态地控制施加到患者的波形,以补偿患者的阻抗变异性。 以这种方式确定初始电荷水平可以防止不必要的高峰值电流在低阻抗患者中流动,同时在治疗有益水平的高阻抗患者中保持峰值电流。 电疗装置包括用于测量与患者阻抗相关的参数的测量装置。 该参数用于确定低水平的患者阻抗。 测量装置提供用于确定电容器的初始充电电平的控制器使用的电压输出。 第一电疗设备的第一实施例包括四个电子开关,用于向病人传送双相波形。 第一电疗装置的第一实施例还包括耦合到定时器的比较器,以监测电容器两端的电压并控制施加到患者的波形的终止或延长。 第二电疗装置的第一实施例测量递送给患者的电荷,并且基于将预定量的电荷递送给患者所需的时间来设定双相脉冲的第一阶段的时间。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Electrotherapy method
    • 电疗法
    • US5593427A
    • 1997-01-14
    • US601617
    • 1996-02-14
    • Bradford E. GlinerThomas D. LysterClinton S. ColeDaniel J. PowersCarlton B. Morgan
    • Bradford E. GlinerThomas D. LysterClinton S. ColeDaniel J. PowersCarlton B. Morgan
    • A61N1/39
    • A61N1/3937A61N1/3906A61N1/3912
    • This invention provides an external defibrillator and defibrillation method that automatically compensates for patient-to-patient impedance differences in the delivery of electrotherapeutic pulses for defibrillation and cardioversion. In a preferred embodiment, the defibrillator has an energy source that may be discharged through electrodes on the patient to provide a biphasic voltage or current pulse. In one aspect of the invention, the first and second phase duration and initial first phase amplitude are predetermined values. In a second aspect of the invention, the duration of the first phase of the pulse may be extended if the amplitude of the first phase of the pulse fails to fall to a threshold value by the end of the predetermined first phase duration, as might occur with a high impedance patient. In a third aspect of the invention, the first phase ends when the first phase amplitude drops below a threshold value or when the first phase duration reaches a threshold time value, whichever comes first, as might occur with a low to average impedance patient. This method and apparatus of altering the delivered biphasic pulse thereby compensates for patient impedance differences by changing the nature of the delivered electrotherapeutic pulse, resulting in a smaller, more efficient and less expensive defibrillator.
    • 本发明提供一种外部除颤器和除颤方法,其自动补偿用于除颤和心脏复律的电疗脉冲递送中的患者对患者的阻抗差异。 在优选实施例中,除颤器具有能够通过患者身上的电极排出的能量源,以提供双相电压或电流脉冲。 在本发明的一个方面,第一和第二相位持续时间和初始第一相位振幅是预定值。 在本发明的第二方面中,如果在预定的第一相位持续时间结束时脉冲的第一相位的幅度不能下降到阈值,则脉冲的第一相位的持续时间可能会延长 与高阻抗患者。 在本发明的第三方面中,当第一相位幅度下降到低于阈值时或当第一相位持续时间达到阈值时间值(以先到者为准)时,第一相位结束,如同低平均阻抗患者可能发生的那样。 改变输送的双相脉冲的这种方法和装置由此通过改变递送的电疗脉冲的性质来补偿患者的阻抗差异,导致更小,更有效和更便宜的除颤器。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Interactive portable defibrillator including ECG detection circuit
    • US4619265A
    • 1986-10-28
    • US776391
    • 1985-09-16
    • Carlton B. MorganDaniel YerkovichThomas D. LysterEric C. HagenDouglas H. Roberts
    • Carlton B. MorganDaniel YerkovichThomas D. LysterEric C. HagenDouglas H. Roberts
    • A61N1/08A61N1/39G09B23/28A61N1/36A61B5/05
    • A61N1/39A61N1/3925G09B23/288
    • A portable, interactive medical electronic device exemplified by a defibrillator. The device obtains information about a patient's condition, such as ECG and transthoracic impedance data, directly from the patient, and information pertinent to the treatment of the patient indirectly through an operator of the device, and produces a medically appropriate action such as a defibrillation shock in response. Indirect information is obtained through information processing means that includes means for prompting the operator of the device and means for receiving the operator's responses thereto. Prompts may include both questions and instructions, and in one embodiment the information processing means obtains the assent of the operator before causing the defibrillation shock. Indirect information may include information as to whether the patient is conscious, and as to whether or not cardiopulmonary resuscitation has been performed. The ECG and transthoracic impedance data may be collected through a common pair of electrodes. In one embodiment the device produces an indication that the ECG data is invalid if the transthoracic impedance data indicates excessive motion on the part of the patient. When a defibrillation shock is determined to be medically appropriate, a control signal is produced that causes the charging of an energy storage means and the subsequent discharging of such energy storage means through the patient without further operator intervention. The device also includes a tape recorder for allowing later analysis of the use of the device, and means for holding the tape recorder drive means in a disengaged position until the device is opened for use. The device also includes testing means for enabling a person to test the condition of the device without opening the case in which it is enclosed, means for producing and recording a distinctive sound when and if a defibrillation pulse is delivered, and means for allowing the electrodes to be quickly disconnected so that emergency personnel can conveniently use the electrodes with their own equipment.
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Interactive portable defibrillator
    • US4610254A
    • 1986-09-09
    • US587439
    • 1984-03-08
    • Carlton B. MorganDaniel YerkovichThomas D. LysterEric C. HagenDouglas H. Roberts
    • Carlton B. MorganDaniel YerkovichThomas D. LysterEric C. HagenDouglas H. Roberts
    • A61N1/08A61N1/39G09B23/28A61N1/36
    • A61N1/39A61N1/3925A61N1/3937G09B23/288
    • A portable, interactive medical electronic device exemplified by a defibrillator. The device obtains information about a patient's condition, such as ECG and transthoracic impedance data, directly from the patient, and information pertinent to the treatment of the patient indirectly through an operator of the device, and produces a medically appropriate action such as a defibrillation shock in response. Indirect information is obtained through information processing means that includes means for prompting the operator of the device and means for receiving the operator's responses thereto. Prompts may include both questions and instructions, and in one embodiment the information processing means obtains the assent of the operator before causing the defibrillation shock. Indirect information may include information as to whether the patient is conscious, and as to whether or not cardiopulmonary resuscitiation has been performed. The ECG and transthroacic impedance data may be collected through a common pair of electrodes. In one embodiment the device produces an indication that the ECG data is invalid if the transthoracic impedance data indicates excessive motion on the part of the patient. When a difibrillation shock is determined to be medically appropriate, a control signal is produced that causes the charging of an energy storage means and the subsequent discharging of such energy storage means through the patient without further operator intervention. The device also includes a tape recorder for allowing later analysis of the use of the device, and means for holding the tape recorder drive means in a disengaged position until the device is opened for use. The device also includes testing means for enabling a person to test the condition of the device without opening the case in which it is enclosed, means for producing and recording a distinctive sound when and if a defibrillation pulse is delivered, and means for allowing the electrodes to be quickly disconnected so that emergency personnel can conveniently use the electrodes with their own equipment.