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1. 发明授权

US07877552B2 Symmetric multiprocessor fault tolerant computer system 有权
标题翻译：对称多处理器容错计算机系统
公开(公告)号：US07877552B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-25
申请号：US11419936
申请日：2006-05-23
申请人： Paul A. Leveille , Thomas D. Bissett , Stephen S. Corbin , Jerry Melnick , Glenn A. Tremblay , Satoshi Watanabe , Keiichi Koyama
发明人： Paul A. Leveille , Thomas D. Bissett , Stephen S. Corbin , Jerry Melnick , Glenn A. Tremblay , Satoshi Watanabe , Keiichi Koyama
IPC分类号： G06F13/00
CPC分类号： G06F9/52 , G06F11/1405 , G06F11/1683 , G06F11/1691 , G06F11/2038 , G06F11/2097 , G06F12/1458 , G06F12/1483
摘要： A symmetric multiprocessing fault-tolerant computer system controls memory access in a symmetric multiprocessing computer system. To do so, virtual page structures are created, where the virtual page structures reflect physical page access privileges to shared memory for processors in a symmetric multiprocessing computer system. Access to shared memory is controlled based on physical page access privileges reflected in the virtual paging structures to coordinate deterministic shared memory access between processors in the symmetric multiprocessing computer system. A symmetric multiprocessing fault-tolerant computer system may use duplication or continuous replay.
摘要翻译：对称多处理容错计算机系统控制对称多处理计算机系统中的存储器访问。为此，创建了虚拟页面结构，虚拟页面结构反映了对称多处理计算机系统中处理器的共享内存的物理页面访问权限。基于在虚拟分页结构中反映的物理页面访问权限来控制对共享存储器的访问，以协调对称多处理计算机系统中的处理器之间的确定性共享存储器访问。对称多处理容错计算机系统可以使用重复或连续重放。

2. 发明授权

US08812907B1 Fault tolerant computing systems using checkpoints 有权
标题翻译：使用检查点的容错计算系统
公开(公告)号：US08812907B1
公开(公告)日：2014-08-19
申请号：US13186087
申请日：2011-07-19
申请人： Thomas D. Bissett , Paul A. Leveille , Ted M. Lin , Jerry Melnick , Angel L. Pagan , Glenn A. Tremblay
发明人： Thomas D. Bissett , Paul A. Leveille , Ted M. Lin , Jerry Melnick , Angel L. Pagan , Glenn A. Tremblay
IPC分类号： G06F11/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/1484 , G06F11/2038 , G06F11/2097
摘要： A computer system configured to provide fault tolerance includes a first host system and a second host system. The first host system is programmed to monitor a number of portions of memory of the first host system that have been modified by a guest running on the first host system and, upon determining that the number of portions exceeds a threshold level, determine that a checkpoint needs to be created. Upon determining that the checkpoint needs to be created, operation of the guest is paused and checkpoint data is generated. After generating the checkpoint data, operation of the guest is resumed while the checkpoint data is transmitted to the second host system.
摘要翻译：被配置为提供容错的计算机系统包括第一主机系统和第二主机系统。第一主机系统被编程为监视由第一主机系统上运行的客户机修改的第一主机系统的多个部分部分，并且在确定部件数量超过阈值电平时，确定检查点需要创建。在确定需要创建检查点时，暂停客户机的操作并生成检查点数据。在产生检查点数据之后，当检查点数据被发送到第二主机系统时，恢复访客的操作。

3. 发明授权

US5790397A Fault resilient/fault tolerant computing 失效
标题翻译：故障恢复/容错计算
公开(公告)号：US5790397A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-04
申请号：US710404
申请日：1996-09-17
申请人： Thomas D. Bissett , Martin J. Fitzgerald, V , Paul A. Leveille , James D. McCollum , Erik Muench , Glenn A. Tremblay
发明人： Thomas D. Bissett , Martin J. Fitzgerald, V , Paul A. Leveille , James D. McCollum , Erik Muench , Glenn A. Tremblay
IPC分类号： G06F11/14 , G06F9/52 , G06F11/07 , G06F11/16 , G06F11/18 , G06F11/20 , G06F11/30 , G06F11/32 , G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/07 , G06F11/0709 , G06F11/0745 , G06F11/079 , G06F11/1641 , G06F11/1645 , G06F11/1658 , G06F11/1683 , G06F11/1691 , G06F11/327 , G06F11/165 , G06F11/20 , G06F11/3065 , G06F2201/845
摘要： Data transfer to computing elements is synchronized in a computer system that includes the computing elements and controllers that provide data from data sources to the computing elements. A request for data made by a computing element is intercepted and transmitted to the controllers. At least a first controller responds by transmitting requested data to the computing element and by indicating how a second controller will respond to the intercepted request.
摘要翻译：将数据传输到计算元件在包括从数据源向计算元件提供数据的计算元件和控制器的计算机系统中同步。对计算单元做出的数据的请求被截取并发送给控制器。至少第一控制器通过将所请求的数据发送到计算元件并且通过指示第二控制器如何对所截取的请求进行响应来做出响应。

4. 发明授权

US06205565B1 Fault resilient/fault tolerant computing 失效
标题翻译：故障恢复/容错计算
公开(公告)号：US06205565B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-20
申请号：US09081074
申请日：1998-05-19
申请人： Thomas D. Bissett , Martin J. Fitzgerald, V , Paul A. Leveille , James D. McCollum , Erik Muench , Glenn A. Tremblay
发明人： Thomas D. Bissett , Martin J. Fitzgerald, V , Paul A. Leveille , James D. McCollum , Erik Muench , Glenn A. Tremblay
IPC分类号： G06F1300
CPC分类号： G06F11/07 , G06F11/0709 , G06F11/0745 , G06F11/079 , G06F11/1641 , G06F11/1645 , G06F11/165 , G06F11/1658 , G06F11/1683 , G06F11/1691 , G06F11/20 , G06F11/3065 , G06F11/327 , G06F2201/845
摘要： Data transfer to computing elements is synchronized in a computer system that includes the computing elements and controllers that provide data from data sources to the computing elements. A request for data made by a computing element is intercepted and transmitted to the controllers. At least a first controller responds by transmitting requested data to the computing element and by indicating how a second controller will respond to the intercepted request.
摘要翻译：将数据传输到计算元件在包括从数据源向计算元件提供数据的计算元件和控制器的计算机系统中同步。对计算单元做出的数据的请求被截取并发送给控制器。至少第一控制器通过将所请求的数据发送到计算元件并且通过指示第二控制器如何对所截取的请求进行响应来做出响应。

5. 发明申请

US20090240916A1 Fault Resilient/Fault Tolerant Computing 审中-公开
标题翻译：故障弹性/容错计算
公开(公告)号：US20090240916A1
公开(公告)日：2009-09-24
申请号：US12434496
申请日：2009-05-01
申请人： Glenn A. Tremblay , Paul A. Leveille , James D. McCollum , Thomas D. Bissett , J. Mark Pratt
发明人： Glenn A. Tremblay , Paul A. Leveille , James D. McCollum , Thomas D. Bissett , J. Mark Pratt
IPC分类号： G06F11/00 , G06F15/76 , G06F9/02
CPC分类号： G06F11/1691 , G06F11/1633
摘要： A fault tolerant/fault resilient computer system includes a first coserver and a second coserver. The first coserver includes a first application environment (AE) processor and a first I/O subsystem processor on a first common motherboard. The second coserver includes a second AE processor and a second I/O subsystem processor on a second common motherboard.
摘要翻译：容错/故障恢复计算机系统包括第一协同服务器和第二协同服务器。第一协同服务器包括第一公共主板上的第一应用环境（AE）处理器和第一I / O子系统处理器。第二协同服务器包括第二公共主板上的第二AE处理器和第二I / O子系统处理器。

6. 发明授权

US5896523A Loosely-coupled, synchronized execution 失效
标题翻译：松散耦合，同步执行
公开(公告)号：US5896523A
公开(公告)日：1999-04-20
申请号：US868670
申请日：1997-06-04
申请人： Thomas D. Bissett , Paul A. Leveille , Erik Muench , Glenn A. Tremblay
发明人： Thomas D. Bissett , Paul A. Leveille , Erik Muench , Glenn A. Tremblay
IPC分类号： G06F11/16 , G06F11/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/1691 , G06F9/3851 , G06F11/1683
摘要： Synchronized execution is maintained by compute elements processing instruction streams in a computer system including the compute elements and a controller. Each compute element includes a clock that operates asynchronously with respect to clocks of the other compute elements. Each compute element processes instructions from an instruction stream and counts the instructions processed. Upon processing a quantum of instructions from the instruction stream, the compute element initiates a synchronization procedure and continues to process instructions from the instruction stream and to count instructions processed from the instruction stream. The compute element halts processing of instructions from the instruction stream after processing an unspecified number of instructions from the instruction stream in addition to the quantum of instructions. Upon halting processing, the compute element sends a synchronization request to the controller and waits for a synchronization reply.
摘要翻译：在包括计算元件和控制器的计算机系统中，计算元件处理指令流来维持同步执行。每个计算元件包括相对于其他计算元件的时钟异步操作的时钟。每个计算单元处理来自指令流的指令，并对所处理的指令进行计数。在处理来自指令流的指令量时，计算元件启动同步过程并继续处理来自指令流的指令，并计数从指令流处理的指令。除了指令量之外，计算单元在处理来自指令流的未指定数量的指令之后停止来自指令流的指令的处理。在停止处理时，计算单元向控制器发送同步请求，并等待同步应答。

7. 发明授权

US06728898B2 Producing a mirrored copy using incremental-divergence 有权
标题翻译：使用增量分歧生成镜像副本
公开(公告)号：US06728898B2
公开(公告)日：2004-04-27
申请号：US10090728
申请日：2002-03-06
申请人： Glenn A. Tremblay , Paul A. Leveille , Charles H. Kaman , Gairy Grannum
发明人： Glenn A. Tremblay , Paul A. Leveille , Charles H. Kaman , Gairy Grannum
IPC分类号： G06F1100
CPC分类号： G06F11/2082 , G06F11/2074
摘要： Producing a mirror copy using incremental-divergence is performed in a computer system in which write requests are each associated with a reference label. A mirror set may be restored to a state in which the data storage devices contain identical data by copying from the data storage device having “good” data only portions of data which have not been stored on the data storage device having divergent data. Incremental-divergence copying may be accomplished by keeping track of the changes made after a point in which the data storage devices are known to contain identical data.
摘要翻译：在计算机系统中执行使用增量散度生成镜像副本，其中写入请求各自与参考标签相关联。可以将镜像集恢复到数据存储装置通过从具有“良好”数据的数据存储装置仅包含尚未存储在具有发散数据的数据存储装置上的数据的部分复制而包含相同数据的状态。增量分歧复制可以通过跟踪在已知数据存储设备包含相同数据的点之后进行的改变来实现。

8. 发明授权

US5600784A Fault resilient/fault tolerant computing 失效
标题翻译：故障恢复/容错计算
公开(公告)号：US5600784A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-04
申请号：US405193
申请日：1995-03-16
申请人： Thomas D. Bissett , Richard D. Fiorentino , Robert M. Glorioso , Diane T. McCauley , James D. McCollum , Glenn A. Tremblay
发明人： Thomas D. Bissett , Richard D. Fiorentino , Robert M. Glorioso , Diane T. McCauley , James D. McCollum , Glenn A. Tremblay
IPC分类号： G06F11/18 , G06F1/04 , G06F1/14 , G06F11/00 , G06F11/14 , G06F11/16 , G06F11/20 , G06F13/00 , G06F13/10 , G06F13/14 , G06F15/16 , G06F15/76 , G01R31/28
CPC分类号： G06F11/1658 , G06F1/14 , G06F11/1645 , G06F11/1683 , G06F11/1687 , G06F11/1691 , G06F11/181 , G06F11/2005 , G06F11/2017 , G06F11/1641 , G06F11/185
摘要： In a first aspect, a method of synchronizing at least two computing elements that each have clocks that operate asynchronously of the clocks of the other computing elements includes selecting one or more signals, designated as meta time signals, from a set of signals produced by the computing elements, monitoring the computing elements to detect the production of a selected signal by one of the computing elements, waiting for the other computing elements to produce a selected signal, transmitting equally valued time updates to each of the computing elements, and updating the clocks of the computing elements based on the time updates.In a second aspect, fault resilient or fault tolerant computers are produced by designating a first processor as a computing element, designating a second processor as a controller, connecting the computing element and the controller to produce a modular pair, and connecting at least two modular pairs to produce a fault resilient or fault tolerant computer. Each computing element of the computer performs all instructions in the same number of cycles as the other computing elements.Computer systems include one or more controllers and at least two computing elements. System is provided for intercepting I/O operations by the computing elements and transmitting them to the one or more controllers.
摘要翻译：在第一方面中，一种同步至少两个计算元件的方法，每个计算元件具有与其它计算元件的时钟异步工作的时钟，包括从由所述另一个计算元件产生的一组信号中选择一个或多个指定为元时间信号的信号计算元件，监视所述计算元件以通过所述计算元件之一检测所选择的信号的产生，等待所述其他计算元件产生所选择的信号，向所述计算元件中的每一个发送等价的时间更新，以及更新所述时钟的计算元素基于时间更新。在第二方面，通过将第一处理器指定为计算元件，指定作为控制器的第二处理器，连接计算元件和控制器以产生模块对，并连接至少两个模块化成对产生故障恢复或容错计算机。计算机的每个计算元件执行与其它计算元件相同数量的循环的所有指令。计算机系统包括一个或多个控制器和至少两个计算元件。提供系统用于通过计算元件截取I / O操作并将其发送到一个或多个控制器。

9. 发明授权

US5615403A Method for executing I/O request by I/O processor after receiving trapped memory address directed to I/O device from all processors concurrently executing same program 失效
标题翻译：在从同时执行相同程序的所有处理器接收到定向到I / O设备的被捕获的存储器地址之后，I / O处理器执行I / O请求的方法
公开(公告)号：US5615403A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-25
申请号：US537985
申请日：1995-10-02
申请人： Thomas D. Bissett , Richard D. Fiorentino , Robert M. Glorioso , Diane T. McCauley , James D. McCollum , Glenn A. Tremblay , Mario Troiani
发明人： Thomas D. Bissett , Richard D. Fiorentino , Robert M. Glorioso , Diane T. McCauley , James D. McCollum , Glenn A. Tremblay , Mario Troiani
IPC分类号： G06F11/18 , G06F1/04 , G06F1/14 , G06F11/00 , G06F11/14 , G06F11/16 , G06F11/20 , G06F13/00 , G06F13/10 , G06F13/14 , G06F15/16 , G06F15/76
CPC分类号： G06F11/1658 , G06F1/14 , G06F11/1645 , G06F11/1683 , G06F11/1687 , G06F11/1691 , G06F11/181 , G06F11/2005 , G06F11/2017 , G06F11/1641 , G06F11/185
摘要： The effects of I/O race conditions caused by asynchrony between processors concurrently executing the same software and I/O devices are eliminated by executing an application program and a first associated operating system with firs processors, and executing an I/O processing program and a second associated operating system with an I/O processor. Memory requests from the application program or the first associated operating system are processed with the first processors, and memory requests from the application program to memory addresses associated with I/O devices are trapped and transmitted to the I/O processor. The I/O processor then performs the trapped memory requests with the I/O processing program after waiting for the identical request to be received from each of the first processors to eliminate the effects of race conditions caused by asynchrony between processors concurrently executing the application program or the first associated operating system and I/O devices. I/O requests may be trapped and performed by the I/O processor for the same purpose.
摘要翻译：通过执行具有第一处理器的应用程序和第一相关联的操作系统，并且执行I / O处理程序和执行I / O处理程序来消除由同时执行相同软件和I / O设备的处理器之间的异步导致的I / O竞态条件的影响第二个具有I / O处理器的相关操作系统。来自应用程序或第一相关联的操作系统的存储器请求被处理与第一处理器，并且从应用程序到与I / O设备相关联的存储器地址的存储器请求被捕获并发送到I / O处理器。然后，I / O处理器在等待从每个第一处理器接收到相同的请求之后，利用I / O处理程序执行被捕获的存储器请求，以消除由同时执行应用程序的处理器之间的不同步引起的竞态条件的影响或第一个相关联的操作系统和I / O设备。为了相同的目的，I / O处理器可能会捕获和执行I / O请求。

10. 发明授权

US5787485A Producing a mirrored copy using reference labels 失效
标题翻译：使用参考标签生成镜像副本
公开(公告)号：US5787485A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-28
申请号：US714255
申请日：1996-09-17
申请人： Martin J. Fitzgerald, V , Glenn A. Tremblay
发明人： Martin J. Fitzgerald, V , Glenn A. Tremblay
IPC分类号： G06F12/16 , G06F11/20 , G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/2071
摘要： A mirror set copy from a first storage device to a second storage device is performed in a computer system in which write requests are each associated with a reference label. Write requests and a mirror read request are received at the first storage device, and the write requests also are received at the second storage device. The write requests are processed at the first storage device processes. Data is read from the first storage device in response to the mirror read request. The first storage device then sends the data to the second storage device along with a reference label of a write request received at the first storage device prior to sending the data. Thereafter, the second storage device writes the data. Finally, the second storage device processes write requests until the second storage device encounters a write request having the same reference label as that sent with the data.
摘要翻译：在其中写请求与参考标签相关联的计算机系统中执行从第一存储设备到第二存储设备的镜像集复制。在第一存储设备处接收写入请求和镜像读取请求，并且还在第二存储设备处接收写入请求。写入请求在第一个存储设备进程处理。响应于镜像读取请求从第一存储设备读取数据。然后，在发送数据之前，第一存储设备连同在第一存储设备处接收到的写入请求的参考标签一起发送到第二存储设备。此后，第二存储装置写入数据。最后，第二存储设备处理写请求，直到第二存储设备遇到具有与数据发送的相同引用标签的写请求。

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