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1. 发明授权

US4320352A Input optimized FET bias circuit 失效
标题翻译：输入优化的FET偏置电路
公开(公告)号：US4320352A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-16
申请号：US116527
申请日：1980-01-29
申请人： Michael D. Rubin , Pang T. Ho
发明人： Michael D. Rubin , Pang T. Ho
IPC分类号： H03F1/30 , H03F1/02 , H03G3/30 , H03F3/16
CPC分类号： H03F1/301 , H03F1/0261 , H03G3/30 , H03F2200/18
摘要： A field effect transistor bias circuit is presented which exhibits a low impedance for small signals and a high impedance for large signals. This circuit uses an operational amplifier to provide a temperature compensated low impedance voltage source for the gate bias which is optimal for small signal operation. In the presence of a large signal, the gate begins to draw current. This causes the operational amplifier to saturate and transforms the bias circuit into a high impedance source, which is optimal for large signal operation.
摘要翻译：提出了一种场效应晶体管偏置电路，其对于小信号呈现低阻抗，对于大信号呈现高阻抗。该电路使用运算放大器为栅极偏置提供温度补偿低阻抗电压源，这对于小信号操作是最佳的。在存在大信号的情况下，门开始绘制电流。这使得运算放大器饱和并将偏置电路转换成高阻抗源，这对于大信号操作是最佳的。

2. 发明授权

US4305043A Coupler having arbitrary impedance transformation ratio and arbitrary coubling ratio 失效
标题翻译：耦合器具有任意的阻抗变换比和任意的嵌合比
公开(公告)号：US4305043A
公开(公告)日：1981-12-08
申请号：US126771
申请日：1980-03-03
申请人： Pang T. Ho , Michael D. Rubin
发明人： Pang T. Ho , Michael D. Rubin
IPC分类号： H01P5/18 , H03F3/193 , H03F3/60
CPC分类号： H01P5/227 , H01P5/225 , H03F3/193 , H03F3/604
摘要： An impedance transforming coupler is disclosed which may be used as a power divider or power combiner at microwave frequencies. The power division or power combination ratio is arbitrary, and the impedance transformation ratio is arbitrary. These couplers may be used in a circuit to power-combine amplifiers. The insertion loss of the circuit is low and the bandwidth is improved by an order of two to one over prior art systems which had separate circuits for matching the impedance and providing power combining. The coupler is optimally a branch line coupler having four curved branches a quarter wavelength long at the center frequency. The output ports are 90.degree. out of phase. Simple formulas are given relating the desired admittances of each of the four branches to k, the desired power coupling ratio, and Y, the desired admittance transformation ratio.
摘要翻译：公开了可以用作微波频率的功率分配器或功率组合器的阻抗变换耦合器。功率分配或功率组合比是任意的，阻抗变换比是任意的。这些耦合器可用于电路组合放大器。电路的插入损耗低，并且与现有技术的系统相比，带宽提高了2比1，这种系统具有用于匹配阻抗和提供功率组合的单独电路。耦合器是最佳的分支线耦合器，其中心频率具有四分之一波长长的四个弯曲分支。输出端口为90°异相。给出了将四个分支中每个分支的期望导纳与期望的功率耦合比相关的简单公式，Y是所需的导纳变换比。

3. 发明授权

US4438411A Temperature compensating method and apparatus for thermally stabilizing amplifier devices 失效
标题翻译：用于热稳定放大器器件的温度补偿方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4438411A
公开(公告)日：1984-03-20
申请号：US284755
申请日：1981-07-20
申请人： Michael D. Rubin , Pang T. Ho
发明人： Michael D. Rubin , Pang T. Ho
IPC分类号： H03F1/30 , H03F3/04
CPC分类号： H03F1/302
摘要： The amplifier device, which may be an FET power amplifier, is of the type having an operating parameter which exhibits thermal instability under constant electrode bias conditions, and thermal stability when bias is varied as a function of ambient temperature in accordance with an empirically determined relationship.The method involves the empirical determination of the varying bias conditions needed to cause thermal stability of the operating parameter over the required range of temperatures, and the provision of a temperature-compensating power supply which produces the necessary bias at each temperature in the range.The temperature-compensating power supply incorporates a bias monitor circuit to produce a control signal which has a nearly constant value so long as bias conditions are in accordance with the empirically determined relationship at every temperature within the range. However, if bias deviates from the predetermined relationship, the control signal also deviates, such that control signal deviations are a monotonic function of bias deviations. The power supply is provided with a feedback-control circuit which responds to the control signal deviations by adjusting the output magnitude of the supply to agree with the predetermined relationship.
摘要翻译：可以是FET功率放大器的放大器装置是具有在恒定电极偏置条件下表现出热不稳定性的工作参数的类型，以及根据经验确定的关系，偏置作为环境温度的函数而变化的热稳定性。该方法涉及经验确定在所需温度范围内引起工作参数的热稳定性所需的变化的偏置条件，以及提供在该范围内的每个温度下产生必要偏差的温度补偿电源。温度补偿电源包括偏置监视器电路，以产生具有几乎恒定值的控制信号，只要偏置条件与在该范围内的每个温度下的经验确定的关系一致即可。然而，如果偏离偏离预定关系，则控制信号也偏离，使得控制信号偏差是偏差偏差的单调函数。电源设置有反馈控制电路，其通过调节电源的输出幅度来响应于控制信号偏差以与预定关系一致。

4. 发明授权

US4276558A Hermetically sealed active microwave integrated circuit 失效
标题翻译：密封有源微波集成电路
公开(公告)号：US4276558A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-30
申请号：US48872
申请日：1979-06-15
申请人： Pang T. Ho , Michael D. Rubin
发明人： Pang T. Ho , Michael D. Rubin
IPC分类号： H01L23/057 , H01L23/66 , H01L23/02 , H01L23/12 , H01L39/02
CPC分类号： H01L23/057 , H01L23/66 , H01L2223/6627 , H01L2224/48091 , H01L2224/48227 , H01L24/48 , H01L2924/00014 , H01L2924/01079 , H01L2924/14 , H01L2924/16152 , H01L2924/1903 , H01L2924/30107 , H01L2924/3011
摘要： An active microwave amplifier element is hermetically sealed on the opposite side of a dielectric substrate from the side in which input and output signals are transmitted. The active element is mounted on a ground plane and is electrically connected to coplanar waveguide elements which are coplanar with the ground plane. The coplanar waveguide elements are electrically connected to associated microwave strips through the dielectric substrate and said holes are also sealed. A cap having similar coefficient of thermal expansion to the dielectric substrate is mounted on the ground plane to enclose and hermetically seal the active element.
摘要翻译：有源微波放大器元件在电介质基片的与输入和输出信号传输的一侧相反的一侧密封。有源元件安装在接地平面上，并且电连接到与接地平面共面的共面波导元件。共面波导元件通过电介质基板电连接到相关联的微波条，并且所述孔也被密封。具有与电介质基板相似的热膨胀系数的盖子安装在接地平面上以封闭并气密地密封有源元件。

5. 发明授权

US4321527A Apparatus and method for individually testing combined active elements 失效
标题翻译：用于单独测试组合的有源元件的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US4321527A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-23
申请号：US75923
申请日：1979-09-17
申请人： Pang T. Ho
发明人： Pang T. Ho
IPC分类号： G01R27/04 , G01R31/28
CPC分类号： G01R27/04 , G01R31/2822
摘要： This device enables one to perform individual measurements, tests, and tuning of active elements in a circuit in which the active elements are combined using couplers. Typically, the active elements are amplifiers which are power combined using quadrature power dividers and combiners. The invention uses two additional quadrature couplers, one at the front and one at the back of the circuit. All the power is introduced into one input port of the first additional coupler. The action of the first two couplers results in power flowing through one of the active elements only. The action of the second pair of couplers results in the flow of power through one output port only. After testing, the additional couplers are removed. The invention enables the one step fabrication of components on the substrate followed by testing, rather than the more time consuming and complex separate assembly and testing of four substrates.
摘要翻译：该装置使得能够对使用耦合器组合有源元件的电路中的有源元件进行单独的测量，测试和调谐。通常，有源元件是使用正交功率分配器和组合器进行功率组合的放大器。本发明使用两个附加的正交耦合器，一个在电路的正面和一个在后面。所有的功率被引入到第一附加耦合器的一个输入端口中。前两个耦合器的作用导致功率仅流过其中一个有源元件。第二对耦合器的动作导致仅通过一个输出端口的电力流动。测试后，将除去附加的耦合器。本发明使得能够在基板上一步制造部件，然后进行测试，而不是更耗时且复杂的单独组装和测试四个基板。

6. 发明授权

US4316159A Redundant microwave switching matrix 失效
标题翻译：冗余微波开关矩阵
公开(公告)号：US4316159A
公开(公告)日：1982-02-16
申请号：US5385
申请日：1979-01-22
申请人： Pang T. Ho
发明人： Pang T. Ho
IPC分类号： H01P1/15 , H04B7/185
CPC分类号： H01P1/15 , H04B7/18515
摘要： A redundant microwave switching matrix providing equal power distribution of any of a plurality of microwave input signals among one or more of a plurality of microwave output signals. The redundant switching matrix used in a communication satellite selectively couples one or more of a plurality of input microwave signals received by receiving antennas among one or more of a plurality of output microwave signals radiated by transmitting antennas. The means for coupling the input and output microwave signals is provided by a pair of directional couplers diametrically positioned at each coordinate of the switching matrix. A controller selectively enables a pair of PIN diodes, internally positioned within each directional coupler, to perform the desired coupling. Diametrically positioned directional couplers, having a pair of PIN diodes, provide a highly reliable and flexibility microwave switching matrix.
摘要翻译：一种冗余微波开关矩阵，其提供多个微波输入信号中的一个或多个中的多个微波输入信号中的任何一个的相等功率分配。在通信卫星中使用的冗余交换矩阵选择性地耦合由发射天线辐射的多个输出微波信号中的一个或多个中的接收天线接收的多个输入微波信号中的一个或多个。用于耦合输入和输出微波信号的装置由直接位于开关矩阵的每个坐标处的一对定向耦合器提供。控制器选择性地使位于每个定向耦合器内部的一对PIN二极管能够执行所需的耦合。具有一对PIN二极管的直径定向耦合器提供了高可靠性和灵活性的微波开关矩阵。

7. 发明授权

US4263559A N-way series connected quadrature power divider and combiner 失效
标题翻译： N路串联正交功率分配器和组合器
公开(公告)号：US4263559A
公开(公告)日：1981-04-21
申请号：US6816
申请日：1979-01-26
申请人： Pang T. Ho
发明人： Pang T. Ho
IPC分类号： H03F3/60
CPC分类号： H03F3/602
摘要： This circuit divides power from an input source equally among N different paths, where N is an arbitrary number. These individual path powers can then be amplified separately to take advantage of the full output power ratings for the individual amplifiers, then the outputs from the amplifiers are combined. A combiner circuit, which is the reverse of the divider circuit, then combines the individual powers to a single output. In each of the combiner and divider circuits, the phase angles of the output ports vary from each other by 90 degrees sequentially down the entire chain of N-1 couplers. Each combiner and divider network utilizes N-1 series-connected couplers, preferably interdigitated ones. The interdigitated couplers utilize preselected power division ratios based upon N.
摘要翻译：该电路在N个不同路径中平均分配来自输入源的功率，其中N是任意数。然后可以单独地放大这些单独的路径功率以利用各个放大器的全输出功率额定值，然后组合来自放大器的输出。与分频器电路相反的组合器电路然后将单独的功率组合到单个输出。在每个组合器和分频器电路中，输出端口的相位角在N-1耦合器的整个链上顺序地相差90度。每个组合器和分频器网络使用N-1个串联的耦合器，优选地是交错的耦合器。交叉耦合器利用基于N的预选功率分配比。

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