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1. 发明授权

US4122148A Sulfur dioxide removal process 失效
标题翻译：二氧化硫去除工艺
公开(公告)号：US4122148A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-24
申请号：US678606
申请日：1976-04-20
申请人： Norman E. Nicholson , John Scarlett
发明人： Norman E. Nicholson , John Scarlett
IPC分类号： B01D53/50 , B01D53/77 , C01B17/60 , C01B17/64 , C01B17/00 , C01B15/08 , C01D7/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/501 , C01B17/60
摘要： Sodium thiosulfate is purged from a sulfur dioxide removal system involving contact of a sulfur dioxide-containing gas with a solution containing sodium sulfite to absorb sulfur dioxide from the gas. A portion of the liquid from a desorption zone containing a minor amount of sodium thiosulfate and a relatively large amount of sodium bisulfite, is treated to reduce the amount of water in the medium so that solids are precipitated from the liquid phase. The insolubles containing sodium sulfites are removed from the liquid. The liquid separated from the solids can be discarded and thereby purge thiosulfate more selectively with respect to other sodium salts. Also, the sodium values of the sodium thiosulfate-containing purge liquid can be recovered in active form by chemical reduction, and, preferably, carbonation. A sodium sulfate purge material from the absorption-desorption system can also be subjected to the chemical reduction system for further recovery of active sodium values.
摘要翻译：硫代硫酸钠从二氧化硫去除系统中清除，包括含二氧化硫的气体与含有亚硫酸钠的溶液接触，以从气体中吸收二氧化硫。处理来自含有少量硫代硫酸钠和相对大量的亚硫酸氢钠的解吸区的一部分液体，以减少介质中的水量，使得固体从液相中沉淀出来。从液体中除去含有亚硫酸钠的不溶物。从固体中分离的液体可以被丢弃，从而相对于其它钠盐更有选择地清除硫代硫酸盐。此外，含硫代硫酸氢钠的清洗液的钠值可以通过化学还原，优选碳酸化而以活性形式回收。来自吸收 - 解吸系统的硫酸钠清除材料也可以进行化学还原体系以进一步回收活性钠值。

2. 发明授权

US4216189A Sulfur dioxide removal process 失效
标题翻译：二氧化硫去除工艺
公开(公告)号：US4216189A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-05
申请号：US949545
申请日：1978-10-10
申请人： Norman E. Nicholson , John Scarlett , John F. Flintoff
发明人： Norman E. Nicholson , John Scarlett , John F. Flintoff
IPC分类号： B01D53/50 , C01B17/60 , C01B17/00 , C01B17/45 , C01D5/00
CPC分类号： C01B17/60 , B01D53/501
摘要： Sodium sulfate is purged from a sulfur dioxide removal system involving contact of a sulfur dioxide-containing gas with a solution containing sodium sulfite to absorb sulfur dioxide from the gas. The spent absorbing solution is regenerated by desorbing sulfur dioxide and recycled for further use. To avoid an unduly large build-up of sulfate in the system, at least a portion of the absorbing-desorbing medium, e.g. spent absorbing solution, containing sodium sulfate and a relatively large amount of sodium bisulfite is treated to reduce the amount of water in the medium so that there is precipitated therefrom up to about 10 weight percent undissolved solids containing sodium sulfate in greater concentration than would otherwise be obtained in the absorption-desorption cycle. The insolubles containing sodium sulfate are removed from the liquid, and the liquid can be returned to the sulfur dioxide removal system. In one preferred aspect of the invention, up to about 75 weight percent of the entire stream of spent absorbing solution is treated to precipitate therefrom up to about 10 weight percent undissolved solids which are relatively rich in sodium sulfate content. In the invention the sodium sulfate-containing solids can be separated from the liquid which is then subjected to a desorption operation to produce sulfur dioxide, and the latter operation can be conducted while maintaining at least about 25 weight percent undissolved solids in the desorption zone.
摘要翻译：从二氧化硫去除系统中清除硫酸钠，该系统涉及含二氧化硫的气体与含有亚硫酸钠的溶液接触以从气体中吸收二氧化硫。废吸收溶液通过解吸二氧化硫再生并再循环使用。为了避免系统中硫酸盐的过度堆积，吸收 - 解吸介质的至少一部分，例如，处理含有硫酸钠和相对大量的亚硫酸氢钠的废吸收溶液以减少介质中的水量，使得从其中沉淀出高达约10重量％的不溶解固体，其含有浓度比其它浓度更高的浓度的硫酸钠在吸收 - 解吸循环中获得。从液体中除去含有硫酸钠的不溶物，并将液体返回到二氧化硫去除系统中。在本发明的一个优选方面，处理高达约75重量％的全部废吸收溶液流从其中沉淀至多约10重量％的未溶解固体，其相对富含硫酸钠含量。在本发明中，含硫酸钠的固体可以与液体分离，然后进行解吸操作以产生二氧化硫，后者的操作可以在解吸区保持至少约25重量％的未溶解固体的同时进行。

3. 发明授权

US4200619A Process for purging sodium sulfate from a sulfur dioxide removal system 失效
标题翻译：从二氧化硫去除系统中清洗硫酸钠的方法
公开(公告)号：US4200619A
公开(公告)日：1980-04-29
申请号：US866227
申请日：1978-01-03
申请人： Edgar E. Bailey , Norman E. Nicholson , John Scarlett , John F. Flintoff
发明人： Edgar E. Bailey , Norman E. Nicholson , John Scarlett , John F. Flintoff
IPC分类号： B01D53/50 , C01B17/60 , C01B17/00 , C01B17/45 , C01D5/00
CPC分类号： C01B17/60 , B01D53/501
摘要： Sodium sulfate is purged from a sulfur dioxide removal system involving contact of a sulfur dioxide-containing gas with a solution containing sodium sulfite to absorb sulfur dioxide from the gas. The spent absorbing solution is regenerated by desorbing sulfur dioxide and recycled for further use. To avoid an unduly large build-up of sulfate in the system, at least a portion of the absorbing-desorbing medium containing sodium sulfate and a relatively large amount of sodium bisulfite, e.g. spent absorbing solution, is contacted with a treating gas containing at least a small amount of sulfur dioxide while reducing the amount of water in the medium so that a slurry is obtained having up to about 10, or even up to about 20, weight percent precipitated solids containing sodium sulfate in greater concentration than would otherwise be obtained in the absorption-desorption cycle. Preferably, the sulfur dioxide-containing treating gas is unsaturated with respect to water. The insolubles containing sodium sulfate are removed from the liquid, and the liquid can be returned to the sulfur dioxide removal system. In one preferred aspect of the invention, up to about 75 weight percent of the entire stream of spent absorbing solution is treated to form up to about 10 weight percent undissolved solids which are relatively rich in sodium sulfate content. In the invention the sodium sulfate-containing solids can be separated from the liquid which is subjected to a desorption operation to produce sulfur dioxide, and the latter operation can be conducted while maintaining at least about 25 weight percent undissolved solids in the desorption zone.
摘要翻译：从二氧化硫去除系统中清除硫酸钠，该系统涉及含二氧化硫的气体与含有亚硫酸钠的溶液接触以从气体中吸收二氧化硫。废吸收溶液通过解吸二氧化硫再生并再循环使用。为了避免系统中过度堆积的硫酸盐，至少一部分吸收 - 解吸介质含有硫酸钠和相对大量的亚硫酸氢钠，例如硫酸钠。废弃的吸收溶液与含有至少少量二氧化硫的处理气体接触，同时减少介质中的水量，使得获得具有高达约10，或甚至高达约20重量％沉淀的浆料含有比在吸收 - 解吸循环中获得的浓度更高的硫酸钠的固体。优选地，含二氧化硫的处理气体相对于水是不饱和的。从液体中除去含有硫酸钠的不溶物，并将液体返回到二氧化硫去除系统中。在本发明的一个优选方面，处理高达约75重量％的全部废吸收溶液流以形成高达约10重量％的不溶解的固体，其相对富含硫酸钠含量。在本发明中，含硫酸钠的固体可以与进行解吸操作的液体分离以产生二氧化硫，并且后者的操作可以在解吸区保持至少约25重量％的未溶解固体的同时进行。

4. 发明授权

US4079119A Sulfur dioxide removal process 失效
标题翻译：二氧化硫去除工艺
公开(公告)号：US4079119A
公开(公告)日：1978-03-14
申请号：US637145
申请日：1975-12-03
申请人： Norman E. Nicholson , John Scarlett
发明人： Norman E. Nicholson , John Scarlett
IPC分类号： B01D53/50 , B01D53/77 , C01B17/60 , C01D7/00 , C01B17/00 , C01D15/08
CPC分类号： C01B17/60 , B01D53/501
摘要： There is disclosed a process for reducing the loss of sodium values in a system for removing sulfur dioxide from a gas by the use of an absorption-desorption cycle employing aqueous sodium sulfite as the essential absorption solution. Sodium sulfate and/or sodium thiosulfate build-up in the system is avoided and the loss of sodium values reduced by subjecting sodium sulfate and/or sodium thiosulfate-containing material to chemical reduction to form a product containing a substantial amount of sodium carbonate. Preferably, the reduced product is subjected to carbonation followed by reaction of the bicarbonate and bisulfide components of the mixture to give a resulting liquid which is more suitable for use in the absorption-desorption process. By-product gases can be incinerated to produce sulfur dioxide-containing gases which can be charged to the sulfur dioxide absorption zone. Sodium thiosulfate can be purged from the absorption-desorption system by treating a purge stream from the desorption zone of the process.
摘要翻译：公开了通过使用亚硫酸钠作为必需吸收溶液的吸收 - 解吸循环来减少用于从气体中除去二氧化硫的系统中钠值的损失的方法。避免了硫酸钠和/或硫代硫酸钠在体系中的积聚，并且通过使硫酸钠和/或含硫代硫酸钠的材料进行化学还原来形成含有大量碳酸钠的产物，降低了钠值的损失。优选地，将还原产物进行碳酸化，随后将混合物的碳酸氢盐和二硫化物组分反应，得到更适合用于吸收 - 脱附过程的所得液体。副产物气体可以被焚烧以产生含二氧化硫的气体，其可以被加入二氧化硫吸收区。硫代硫酸钠可以通过处理来自该方法的解吸区的吹扫流从吸收 - 解吸系统中清除。

5. 发明授权

US5387752A Process for the production of cyclohexanedimethanol 失效
标题翻译：环己烷二甲醇生产方法
公开(公告)号：US5387752A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-07
申请号：US174321
申请日：1993-12-30
申请人： John Scarlett , Michael A. Wood , Colin Rathmell
发明人： John Scarlett , Michael A. Wood , Colin Rathmell
IPC分类号： B01J23/86 , C07B61/00 , C07C29/136 , C07C29/149 , C07C31/27
CPC分类号： C07C31/276 , C07C29/149 , C07C2101/14
摘要： A process is described for the production of cyclohexanedimethanol by hydrogenation of a dialkyl cyclohexanedicarboxylate which comprises:(a) providing a hydrogenation zone containing a charge of a granular heterogeneous ester hydrogenation catalyst;(b) forming a vaporous feed stream of a hydrogen-containing gas,and a hydrogenatable material comprising a dialkyl cyclohexanedicarboxylate at a feed temperature which is in the range of from about 150.degree. C. to about 350.degree. C. and which is above the dew point of the feed stream and at a feed pressure in the range of from about 150 psia (about 10.34 bar) to about 2000 psia (about 137.90 bar), said vaporous feed stream having a known hydrogen-containing gas:dialkyl cyclohexanedicarboxylate ratio;(c) supplying the vaporous feed stream to the hydrogenation zone;(d) maintaining hydrogenation conditions in the hydrogenation zone which are effective to maintain the reaction mixture in contact with the hydrogenation catalyst above its dew point;(e) passing the vaporous feed stream through the hydrogenation zone; and(f) recovering from the hydrogenation zone a product stream containing cyclohexanedimethanol.In this process it is preferred to use dimethyl 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate to produce 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol.
摘要翻译：描述了通过氢化环己烷二羧酸二烷基酯制备环己烷二甲醇的方法，其包括：（a）提供含有粒状异质酯加氢催化剂装料的氢化区; （b）在约150℃至约350℃的进料温度下形成含氢气体的蒸气进料流和包含环己烷二羧酸二烷基酯的可加氢材料，其高于进料流的露点和进料压力在约150psia（约10.34巴）至约2000psia（约137.90巴）的范围内，所述气态进料流具有已知的含氢气体：环己烷二羧酸二烷基酯比; （c）将蒸气进料流供应到氢化区; （d）保持加氢区中的氢化条件，其有效地使反应混合物与氢化催化剂接触高于其露点; （e）使蒸汽进料流通过氢化区; 和（f）从氢化区回收含有环己烷二甲醇的产物流。在该方法中，优选使用1,4-环己烷二羧酸二甲酯来制备1,4-环己烷二甲醇。

6. 发明授权

US5030609A Process for producing a hydrogenation catalyst of copper chromite 失效
标题翻译：亚铬酸铜加氢催化剂的制备方法
公开(公告)号：US5030609A
公开(公告)日：1991-07-09
申请号：US224686
申请日：1988-07-27
申请人： Keith Turner , Mohammad Sharif , John Scarlett , Anthony B. Carter , Geoffrey Webb
发明人： Keith Turner , Mohammad Sharif , John Scarlett , Anthony B. Carter , Geoffrey Webb
IPC分类号： C07D295/02 , B01J23/86 , B01J35/10 , B01J37/08 , B01J37/18 , C07B31/00 , C07B35/02 , C07B61/00 , C07C27/00 , C07C29/136 , C07C29/14 , C07C29/141 , C07C29/145 , C07C29/149 , C07C31/20 , C07C33/22 , C07C67/00 , C07D307/08 , C07D307/33
CPC分类号： B01J37/08 , B01J23/868 , B01J35/0053 , B01J35/006 , B01J37/18
摘要： A copper chromite hydrogenation catalyst of enhanced activity is obtained by an ante-pre-reduction treatment in which a copper chromite catalyst precursor is soaked in a reducing atmosphere at temperatures below a pre-reduction temperature (typically about 140.degree. C.) at which appreciable pre-reduction of the catalyst can be detected. This catalyst is characterized by particles of reduced copper substantially all of which have an average particle size of less than about 300.times.10.sup.-10 m (300.ANG.), which have an average particle size of less than about 100.times.10.sup.-10 m (100.ANG.), and which are substantially uniformly distributed on a chromium-containing support. Typically such catalysts exhibit a copper surface area of about 18.5 m.sup.2 /g as determined by N.sub.2 O decomposition at 20.degree. C., compared to a corresponding copper surface area of 4.5 m.sup.2 /g for a catalyst which has been produced by conventional pre-reduction of the same catalyst precursor.

7. 发明授权

US4765869A Process for the production of a dialkyl maleate 失效
标题翻译：马来酸二烷基酯的制备方法
公开(公告)号：US4765869A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-23
申请号：US80058
申请日：1987-07-31
申请人： Norman Harris , Colin Rathmell , Keith Turner , John Scarlett
发明人： Norman Harris , Colin Rathmell , Keith Turner , John Scarlett
IPC分类号： C07C67/60 , C07C67/08 , C07C67/54 , C07C69/60 , B01D3/14
CPC分类号： C07C67/08 , C07C67/54 , Y10S203/20
摘要： A continuous process is described for the production of a substantially acid free dialkyl maleate, for example diethyl maleate, from a feed stream containing a major amount of dialkyl maleate and a minor amount of the corresponding monoalkyl maleate. This comprises continuously distilling the feed stream in a primary distillation zone, which can comprise a single distillation column or a series of distillation columns connected in series, so as to give (i) a bottom fraction containing monoalkyl maleate and dialkyl maleate in admixture, (ii) a vaporous fraction comprising alkanol, and (iii) an intermediate fraction that is substantially free from alkanol and comprises a major proportion of diethyl maleate and a minor proportion of maleic anhydride. The intermediate fraction (iii) is redistilled in a secondary distillation zone to yield (i) an overhead fraction containing maleic anhydride and (ii) a bottom fraction containing substantially acid free dialkyl maleate. The vaporous stream can be condensed to recover alkanol for recycle to a dialkyl maleate production facility.
摘要翻译：描述了从含有主要量的马来酸二烷基酯和少量相应的马来酸单烷基酯的进料流中生产基本上无酸的马来酸二烷基酯，例如马来酸二乙酯的连续方法。这包括在主蒸馏区中连续蒸馏进料流，该蒸馏区可以包括单个蒸馏塔或串联连接的一系列蒸馏塔，从而得到（i）含有马来酸单烷基酯和马来酸二烷基酯的底部馏分的混合物（ ii）包含链烷醇的蒸气馏分，和（iii）基本上不含链烷醇并包含主要比例的马来酸二乙酯和少量马来酸酐的中间馏分。中间馏分（iii）在二次蒸馏区中重蒸馏，得到（i）含有马来酸酐的塔塔馏分和（ii）含有基本上无酸的马来酸二烷基酯的塔底馏分。可以将气态物流冷凝以回收链烷醇以再循环至马来酸二烷基酯生产设备。

8. 发明授权

US5406004A Hydrogenation process for the preparation of alcohols and diols utilizing gas and liquid phases 失效
标题翻译：使用气相和液相制备醇和二醇的氢化方法
公开(公告)号：US5406004A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-11
申请号：US175546
申请日：1993-12-30
申请人： Philip H. D. Eastland , John Scarlett , Michael W. M. Tuck , Michael A. Wood
发明人： Philip H. D. Eastland , John Scarlett , Michael W. M. Tuck , Michael A. Wood
IPC分类号： B01J23/42 , B01J23/60 , B01J23/72 , B01J23/889 , B01J23/89 , C07B53/00 , C07B61/00 , C07C29/141 , C07C29/145 , C07C29/149 , C07C31/125 , C07C31/20 , C07C31/27 , C07C31/13
CPC分类号： C07C31/276 , C07C29/149 , C07B2200/09 , C07C2101/14
摘要： A process is described for the production of a hydroxylic compound selected from alcohols and diols by hydrogenation of a corresponding hydrogenatable material selected from monoesters of carboxylic acids, monoesters of dicarboxylic acids, diesters of dicarboxylic acids, lactones, and mixtures of two or more thereof which comprises:(a) providing a hydrogenation zone containing a charge of a granular heterogeneous ester hydrogenation catalyst;(b) supplying to the hydrogenation zone a vaporous feed stream containing hydrogen and a hydrogenatable material selected from monoesters of carboxylic acids, monoesters of dicarboxylic acids, diesters of dicarboxylic acids, lactones, and mixtures of two or more thereof, at an inlet temperature which is above the dew point of the mixture;(c) maintaining the hydrogenation zone under temperature and pressure conditions which are conducive to effecting hydrogenation of esters;(d) recovering from the hydrogenation zone a two phase product stream containing a hydroxylic compound selected from alcohols and diols at an exit temperature which is below its dew point.In a preferred process the hydrogenatable material comprises dimethyl cyclohexanedicarboxylate.
摘要翻译：描述了通过氢化可选择的可羧化材料的羧酸，二羧酸的单酯，二羧酸的二酯，内酯以及它们的两种或更多种的混合物来制备选自醇和二醇的羟基化合物的方法。包括：（a）提供含有粒状非均相酯加氢催化剂装料的氢化区; （b）向加氢区供应含有氢气和可氢化材料的气态进料流，所述氢气和可氢化材料选自羧酸的单酯，二羧酸的单酯，二羧酸的二酯，内酯，以及它们的两种或多种的混合物，高于混合物的露点; （c）在有利于酯化氢化的温度和压力条件下保持氢化区; （d）从氢化区回收含有选自醇和二醇的羟基化合物的出口温度低于其露点的两相产物流。在优选的方法中，可氢化材料包括环己烷二羧酸二甲酯。

9. 发明授权

US06265624B1 Process for preparing pentane-1,5-diol 有权
标题翻译：戊烷-1,5-二醇的制备方法
公开(公告)号：US06265624B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-24
申请号：US09553255
申请日：2000-04-19
申请人： John Scarlett , Michael Anthony Wood , Paul Willett
发明人： John Scarlett , Michael Anthony Wood , Paul Willett
IPC分类号： C07C3118
CPC分类号： C07C29/80 , C07C29/149 , C07C31/20 , C07C31/207
摘要： A process is described for the continuous recovery of substantially pure pentane-1,5-diol from a crude product stream (1) containing pentane-1,5-diol and &dgr;-valerolactone. The feed stream (1) is continuously supplied to a vaporization zone (2) maintained under temperature and pressure conditions effective for the vaporization of pentane-1,5-diol and conducive to the thermal decomposition of reaction products of &dgr;-valerolactone thereby to form a vaporous stream. The resulting vaporous stream is continuously supplied to an intermediate section of a distillation zone (4). A reflux stream (5) of dimethyl glutarate is fed to an upper section of the distillation zone (4) and an overhead vapor product stream (8) comprising &dgr;-valerolactone and dimethyl glutarate is taken. Also an intermediate stream (11) comprising substantially pure pentane-1,5-diol is taken from the distillation zone (4), while from the bottom section of the distillation zone there is recovered a bottoms product (12).
摘要翻译：描述了从含有戊烷-1,5-二醇和δ-戊内酯的粗产物流（1）连续回收基本上纯的戊烷-1,5-二醇的方法。进料流（1）被连续地供给到维持在用于蒸发戊烷-1,5-二醇的有效温度和压力条件下的蒸发区（2），并且有利于δ-戊内酯的反应产物的热分解从而形成蒸汽流。将所得蒸气流连续地供应到蒸馏区（4）的中间段。将戊二酸二甲酯的回流（5）加入到蒸馏区（4）的上部，并取出包含δ-戊内酯和戊二酸二甲酯的塔顶蒸气产物流（8）。此外，从蒸馏区（4）取出基本上纯的戊烷-1,5-二醇的中间物流（11），而从蒸馏区的底部部分回收塔底产物（12）。

10. 发明授权

US5536856A Production of carboxylic acid ester by esterification and apparatus thereof 失效
标题翻译：通过酯化制备羧酸酯及其装置
公开(公告)号：US5536856A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-16
申请号：US200314
申请日：1994-02-23
申请人： George E. Harrison , John Scarlett , Michael A. Wood , Donald H. McKinley
发明人： George E. Harrison , John Scarlett , Michael A. Wood , Donald H. McKinley
IPC分类号： B01D3/16 , B01D3/18 , B01D3/20 , B01J8/22 , C07C67/08 , C07C69/22 , C11C1/00
CPC分类号： C07C67/08 , B01D3/163 , B01D3/18 , B01D3/20 , B01J8/226
摘要： Esterification is carried out in a column reactor (14) in which there is a plurality of esterification trays (15) each having predetermined liquid hold-up and containing a charge of a solid esterification catalyst thereon. e.g. an ion exchange resin containing a --SO.sub.3 H and/or --COOH groups. A liquid phase containing the carboxylic acid component, e.g. a fatty acid mixture, flows down the column reactor from one esterification tray to the next downward one against an upflowing alcohol vapour stream, e.g. methanol vapour. Relatively dry alcohol vapour is injected (21) into the bottom of the column reactor. Water of esterification is removed from the top of the column reactor in the vapour stream (26), whilst ester product is recovered (23) from the sump of the reactor. As the liquid flows down the trays it encounters progressively drier alocohol and the esterification equilibrium reaction is driven further and further towards 100% ester formation. A polishing reactor (304) operated under liquid phase conditions may follow the column reactor, the ester-containing product from which is mixed with further alcohol before admission to the polishing reactor.
摘要翻译：酯化在柱反应器（14）中进行，其中存在多个具有预定液体滞留并在其上含有固体酯化催化剂的酯化塔板（15）。例如含有-SO 3 H和/或-COOH基团的离子交换树脂。含有羧酸组分的液相，例如脂肪酸混合物从塔式反应器中流出，从一个酯化塔板向下流动的醇蒸气流，甲醇蒸气。将相对干燥的醇蒸汽（21）注入塔式反应器的底部。在蒸馏物流（26）中从塔式反应器的顶部除去酯化水，同时从反应器的贮槽回收酯产物（23）。当液体向下流动时，它遇到逐渐干燥的醇，酯化平衡反应进一步向100％酯形成。在液相条件下操作的抛光反应器（304）可以在塔式反应器之后，含酯产物在进入抛光反应器之前与另外的醇混合。

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