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1. 发明授权

US5274129A Hydroxamic acid crown ethers 失效
标题翻译：羟肟酸冠醚
公开(公告)号：US5274129A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-28
申请号：US714265
申请日：1991-06-12
申请人： Nicholas R. Natale , Chien M. Wai , Sadik Elshani
发明人： Nicholas R. Natale , Chien M. Wai , Sadik Elshani
IPC分类号： B01D11/02 , B01D11/04 , B08B7/00 , B09C1/02 , C01F17/00 , C22B3/16 , C22B3/26 , C22B59/00 , G21F9/12 , C07D323/00
CPC分类号： G21F9/125 , B01D11/0203 , B01D11/0407 , B08B7/0021 , B09C1/02 , C01F17/0006 , C22B3/002 , C22B3/1641 , C22B59/00 , Y02P10/234
摘要： Novel derivatives of hydroxamic acid chelating agents for the chelation of f-block elements, yttrium and scandium and methods for the extraction of such elements.
摘要翻译：用于螯合f-嵌段元素，钇和钪的异羟肟酸螯合剂的新型衍生物以及用于提取这些元素的方法。

2. 发明授权

US10570027B2 Converting acrylic fibers to amidoxime-carboxylate containing polymer adsorbents for sequestering uranium and other elements from water 有权
公开(公告)号：US10570027B2
公开(公告)日：2020-02-25
申请号：US15179766
申请日：2016-06-10
申请人： Chien M. Wai , Horng-Bin Pan , Gary A. Gill , Li-Jung Kuo
发明人： Chien M. Wai , Horng-Bin Pan , Gary A. Gill , Li-Jung Kuo
IPC分类号： C02F1/28 , C08F8/12 , C08F8/30 , B01J20/26 , B01J20/28 , C02F103/20 , C02F101/00 , C02F101/10 , C02F103/08
摘要： A fiber comprising a carbon chain backbone and amidoxime, carboxylate, and nitrile pendant groups. The fiber may be used for removing uranium from seawater and toxic metals from drinking water.

3. 发明授权

US06524628B1 Pressurized water extraction 失效
标题翻译：加压水提取
公开(公告)号：US06524628B1
公开(公告)日：2003-02-25
申请号：US09707461
申请日：2000-11-06
申请人： Chien M. Wai , Qingyong Lang
发明人： Chien M. Wai , Qingyong Lang
IPC分类号： A61K3578
CPC分类号： A61K31/34 , A61K36/16
摘要： Pressurized Water Extraction (PWE) is a method for extracting materials from plants by exposing a plant sample to a pressurized liquid aqueous composition. The exposure may be performed statically, dynamically, or both. For example, the sample may be exposed to a liquid aqueous composition at a temperature of from about 0° C. to about 100° C. and a pressure between about 25 atm and about 1000 atm, more typically from about 50 atm to about 200 atm. Plant materials are selectively isolated in the aqueous compositions by this method more effectively than prior methods. Moreover, the present methods provide facile extraction of thermally labile compounds, such as bilobalides from Gingko leaves.
摘要翻译：加压水提取（PWE）是通过将植物样品暴露于加压液体含水组合物中从植物中提取材料的方法。暴露可以静态地，动态地或两者地执行。例如，样品可以在约0℃至约100℃的温度和约25atm至约1000atm的压力下暴露于液体含水组合物，更典型地约50atm至约200℃ atm。通过这种方法，比现有方法更有效地分离植物材料在水性组合物中。此外，本方法提供了易于提取热不稳定化合物，如银杏叶中的双叶藻。

4. 发明授权

US6075130A Ion binding compounds, radionuclide complexes, methods of making radionuclide complexes, methods of extracting radionuclides, and methods of delivering radionuclides to target locations 失效
标题翻译：离子结合化合物，放射性核素配合物，制备放射性核素配合物的方法，提取放射性核素的方法以及将放射性核素递送到目标位置的方法
公开(公告)号：US6075130A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-13
申请号：US191290
申请日：1998-11-10
申请人： Xiaoyuan Chen , Chien M. Wai , Darrell R. Fisher
发明人： Xiaoyuan Chen , Chien M. Wai , Darrell R. Fisher
IPC分类号： A61K47/48 , A61K51/12 , C07C259/06 , C07C311/29 , C22B3/26 , C22B3/32 , C22B59/00 , C22B60/00 , G21F9/12 , C07F5/02
CPC分类号： B82Y5/00 , A61K47/48707 , A61K51/1268 , C07C259/06 , C07C311/29 , C22B3/0006 , C22B3/0024 , C22B59/00 , C22B60/00 , G21F9/12 , C07C2103/92 , Y02P10/234
摘要： The invention pertains to compounds for binding lanthanide ions and actinide ions. The invention further pertains to compounds for binding radionuclides, and to methods of making radionuclide complexes. Also, the invention pertains to methods of extracting radionuclides. Additionally, the invention pertains to methods of delivering radionuclides to target locations. In one aspect, the invention includes a compound comprising: a) a calix[n]arene group, wherein n is an integer greater than 3, the calix[n]arene group comprising an upper rim and a lower rim; b) at least one ionizable group attached to the lower rim; and c) an ion selected from the group consisting of lanthanide and actinide elements bound to the ionizable group. In another aspect, the invention includes a method of extracting a radionuclide, comprising: a) providing a sample comprising a radionuclide; b) providing a calix[n]arene compound in contact with the sample, wherein n is an integer greater than 3; and c) extracting radionuclide from the sample into the calix[n]arene compound. In yet another aspect, the invention includes a method of delivering a radionuclide to a target location, comprising: a) providing a calix[n]arene compound, wherein n is an integer greater than 3, the calix[n]arene compound comprising at least one ionizable group; b) providing a radionuclide bound to the calix[n]arene compound; and c) providing an antibody attached to the calix[n]arene compound, the antibody being specific for a material found at the target location.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于结合镧系离子和锕系离子的化合物。本发明还涉及用于结合放射性核素的化合物以及制备放射性核素复合物的方法。此外，本发明涉及提取放射性核素的方法。此外，本发明涉及将放射性核素递送到目标位置的方法。一方面，本发明包括一种化合物，其包含：a）杯[n]芳烃基，其中n是大于3的整数，所述杯[n]芳烃基包括上边缘和下边缘; b）连接到下边缘的至少一个可离子化基团; 和c）选自与可离子化基团结合的镧系元素和锕系元素的离子。另一方面，本发明包括一种提取放射性核素的方法，包括：a）提供包含放射性核素的样品; b）提供与样品接触的杯[n]芳烃化合物，其中n是大于3的整数; 和c）将样品中的放射性核素提取到杯[n]芳烃化合物中。在另一方面，本发明包括将放射性核素递送到目标位置的方法，包括：a）提供其中n为大于3的整数的杯[n]芳烃化合物，所述杯[n]芳烃化合物包含至少一个可离子化基团; b）提供与杯[n]芳烃化合物结合的放射性核素; 和c）提供连接到杯[n]芳烃化合物的抗体，所述抗体对于在目标位置处发现的材料是特异性的。

5. 发明授权

US5840193A Fluid extraction using carbon dioxide and organophosphorus chelating agents 失效
标题翻译：使用二氧化碳和有机磷螯合剂进行流体萃取
公开(公告)号：US5840193A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-24
申请号：US686422
申请日：1996-07-26
申请人： Neil G. Smart , Chien M. Wai , Yuehe Lin , Yak Hwa Kwang
发明人： Neil G. Smart , Chien M. Wai , Yuehe Lin , Yak Hwa Kwang
IPC分类号： B09B3/00 , C22B3/16 , C22B3/20 , C22B3/26 , C22B3/38 , C22B7/00 , B01D11/00 , B01D11/02
CPC分类号： C22B3/0005 , C22B3/0043 , C22B7/006 , Y02P10/234 , Y10S210/909 , Y10S210/912
摘要： Methods for extracting metalloid and metal species from a solid or liquid material by exposing the material to a fluid solvent, particularly supercritical CO.sub.2, and a chelating agent are described. The chelating agent forms a chelate with the species, the chelate being soluble in the fluid to allow removal of the species from the material. In preferred embodiments the extraction solvent is supercritical CO.sub.2 and the chelating agent comprises an organophosphorous chelating agent, particularly sulfur-containing organophosphorous chelating agents, including mixtures of chelating agents. Examples of chelating agents include monothiophosphinic acid, di-thiophosphinic acid, phosphine sulfite, phosphorothioic acid, and mixtures thereof. The method provides an environmentally benign process for removing metal and metalloids from industrial waste solutions, particularly acidic solutions. Both the chelate and the supercritical fluid can be regenerated and the contaminant species recovered to provide an economic, efficient process.
摘要翻译：描述了通过将材料暴露于流体溶剂，特别是超临界CO 2和螯合剂从固体或液体材料中提取准金属和金属物质的方法。螯合剂与物质形成螯合物，螯合物可溶于流体以允许物质从材料中除去。在优选的实施方案中，提取溶剂是超临界CO 2，螯合剂包括有机磷螯合剂，特别是含硫的有机磷螯合剂，包括螯合剂的混合物。螯合剂的实例包括一硫代次膦酸，二硫代次膦酸，亚硫酸氢钠，硫代磷酸及其混合物。该方法提供了一种从工业废物溶液，特别是酸性溶液中去除金属和准金属的环境友好方法。螯合物和超临界流体都可以再生并且回收污染物质以提供经济，有效的方法。

6. 发明授权

US07686865B2 Method and system for recovering metal from metal-containing materials 有权
标题翻译：从含金属材料中回收金属的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US07686865B2
公开(公告)日：2010-03-30
申请号：US11795424
申请日：2006-01-12
申请人： Chien M. Wai , Sydney S. Koegler
发明人： Chien M. Wai , Sydney S. Koegler
IPC分类号： C22B60/02 , C22B60/04 , C22B3/26
CPC分类号： C01G43/003 , B01D11/0203 , B01D11/0284 , B01D11/0288 , B01D11/0292 , C01P2006/80 , C22B3/0005 , C22B3/02 , C22B60/0239 , C22B60/026 , C22B60/04 , G21C19/46 , Y02P10/234 , Y02P20/544 , Y02W30/883
摘要： Embodiments of a method and a system for recovering a metal, such as uranium, from a metal-containing material are disclosed. The metal-containing material is exposed to an extractant containing a liquid or supercritical-fluid solvent and an acid-base complex including an oxidizing agent and a complexing agent. Batches of the metal-containing material are moved through a series of stations while the extractant is moved through the stations in the opposite direction. After the extraction step, the metal is separated from the solvent, the complexing agent and/or other metals by exposing the extract to a stripping agent in a countercurrent stripping column. The complexing agent and the solvent exit the column and are separated from each other by reducing the pressure. The recovered complexing agent is recharged with fresh oxidizing agent and recombined with fresh or recovered solvent to form a recovered extractant, which is distributed through the extraction stations.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于从含金属的材料中回收诸如铀的金属的方法和系统的实施例。含金属材料暴露于含有液体或超临界流体溶剂的萃取剂和包含氧化剂和络合剂的酸碱络合物。含金属材料的批次通过一系列工位移动，同时将萃取剂沿相反方向移动通过工位。在提取步骤之后，通过将提取物暴露于逆流汽提塔中的汽提剂将金属与溶剂，络合剂和/或其它金属分离。络合剂和溶剂离开塔并通过降低压力彼此分离。回收的络合剂用新鲜的氧化剂再充电并与新鲜或回收的溶剂重新组合以形成回收的萃取剂，其通过萃取站分配。

7. 发明申请

US20080134837A1 Method and System for Recovering Metal from Metal-Containing Materials 有权
标题翻译：含金属材料回收金属的方法与系统
公开(公告)号：US20080134837A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-12
申请号：US11795424
申请日：2006-01-12
申请人： Chien M. Wai , Sydney S. Koegler
发明人： Chien M. Wai , Sydney S. Koegler
IPC分类号： C22B60/02 , C22B60/04
CPC分类号： C01G43/003 , B01D11/0203 , B01D11/0284 , B01D11/0288 , B01D11/0292 , C01P2006/80 , C22B3/0005 , C22B3/02 , C22B60/0239 , C22B60/026 , C22B60/04 , G21C19/46 , Y02P10/234 , Y02P20/544 , Y02W30/883
摘要： Embodiments of a method and a system for recovering a metal, such as uranium, from a metal-containing material are disclosed. The metal-containing material is exposed to an extractant containing a liquid or supercritical-fluid solvent and an acid-base complex including an oxidizing agent and a complexing agent. Batches of the metal-containing material are moved through a series of stations while the extractant is moved through the stations in the opposite direction. After the extraction step, the metal is separated from the solvent, the complexing agent and/or other metals by exposing the extract to a stripping agent in a countercurrent stripping column. The complexing agent and the solvent exit the column and are separated from each other by reducing the pressure. The recovered complexing agent is recharged with fresh oxidizing agent and recombined with fresh or recovered solvent to form a recovered extractant, which is distributed through the extraction stations.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于从含金属的材料中回收诸如铀的金属的方法和系统的实施例。含金属材料暴露于含有液体或超临界流体溶剂的萃取剂和包含氧化剂和络合剂的酸碱络合物。含金属材料的批次通过一系列工位移动，同时将萃取剂沿相反方向移动通过工位。在提取步骤之后，通过将提取物暴露于逆流汽提塔中的汽提剂将金属与溶剂，络合剂和/或其它金属分离。络合剂和溶剂离开塔并通过降低压力彼此分离。回收的络合剂用新鲜的氧化剂再充电并与新鲜或回收的溶剂重新组合以形成回收的萃取剂，其通过萃取站分配。

8. 发明申请

US20080115627A1 Metal Extraction In Liquid Or Supercritical-Fluid Solvents 审中-公开
标题翻译：液体或超临界流体溶剂中的金属萃取
公开(公告)号：US20080115627A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-22
申请号：US11660295
申请日：2005-08-18
申请人： Joanna S. Wang , Chien M. Wai
发明人： Joanna S. Wang , Chien M. Wai
IPC分类号： C21B15/00 , C22B15/00
CPC分类号： C22B3/0005 , B01D11/0203 , B01D11/0288 , C22B3/0095 , C22B11/046 , C22B11/048 , C22B23/0461 , C22B59/00 , Y02P10/214 , Y02P10/234
摘要： A method for separating metals from metal-containing materials by extraction without generating large quantities of liquid waste is disclosed. Also disclosed is an extractant composition for use with this method. The method comprises exposing a metal-containing material to a solvent, such as supercritical carbon dioxide, an acid-base complex, and a chelating agent that is not a component of the acid-base complex. The metal is released into the solvent by a combination of oxidation by an oxidizing agent in the acid-base complex and chelation by the chelating agent. The oxidizing agent in the acid-base complex is solubilized by a solubilizing agent. The disclosed method and composition have many applications and are particularly well suited for the extraction of transition metals, including, but not limited to, platinum group metals, nom a metals and coinage metals. Applications include the recovery of metals from scrap materials and the planarization of semiconductor structures.
摘要翻译：公开了一种通过提取从金属材料中分离金属而不产生大量废液的方法。还公开了与该方法一起使用的萃取剂组合物。该方法包括将含金属的材料暴露于溶剂，例如超临界二氧化碳，酸碱络合物和不是酸碱络合物组分的螯合剂。通过氧化在酸碱络合物中的氧化和螯合剂的螯合将金属释放到溶剂中。酸碱络合物中的氧化剂被增溶剂溶解。所公开的方法和组合物具有许多应用，并且特别适用于提取过渡金属，包括但不限于铂族金属，金属和造币金属。应用包括从废料回收金属和半导体结构的平面化。

9. 发明授权

US06653236B2 Methods of forming metal-containing films over surfaces of semiconductor substrates; and semiconductor constructions 失效
标题翻译：在半导体基板的表面上形成含金属膜的方法; 和半导体结构
公开(公告)号：US06653236B2
公开(公告)日：2003-11-25
申请号：US10112122
申请日：2002-03-29
申请人： Chien M. Wai , Hiroyuki Ohde , Steve Kramer
发明人： Chien M. Wai , Hiroyuki Ohde , Steve Kramer
IPC分类号： H01L2144
CPC分类号： H01L23/4827 , C23C18/48 , H01L21/28556 , H01L21/288 , H01L21/76838 , H01L21/76877 , H01L23/53238 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/00
摘要： The invention includes a method of forming a metal-containing film over a surface of a semiconductor substrate. The surface is exposed to a supercritical fluid. The supercritical fluid has H2, at least one H2-activating catalyst, and at least one metal-containing precursor dispersed therein. A metal-containing film is formed across the surface of the semiconductor substrate from metal of the at least one metal-containing precursor. The invention also includes semiconductor constructions having metal-containing layers which include one or more of copper, cobalt, gold and nickel in combination with one or more of palladium, platinum, iridium, rhodium and ruthenium.
摘要翻译：本发明包括在半导体衬底的表面上形成含金属膜的方法。表面暴露于超临界流体。超临界流体具有H 2，至少一种H 2活化催化剂和分散在其中的至少一种含金属前体。由至少一种含金属的前体的金属在半导体衬底的表面上形成含金属的膜。本发明还包括具有包含铜，钴，金和镍中的一种或多种的含金属层的半导体结构，其与钯，铂，铱，铑和钌中的一种或多种组合。

10. 发明授权

US06187911B1 Method for separating metal chelates from other materials based on solubilities in supercritical fluids 有权
标题翻译：基于超临界流体溶解度分离金属螯合物的方法
公开(公告)号：US06187911B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-13
申请号：US09306948
申请日：1999-05-07
申请人： Chien M. Wai , Neil G. Smart , Cindy Phelps
发明人： Chien M. Wai , Neil G. Smart , Cindy Phelps
IPC分类号： C07F500
CPC分类号： C22B60/0217 , C22B3/0005 , G21C19/48 , Y02P10/234 , Y02W30/884
摘要： A method for separating a desired metal or metalloi from impurities using a supercritical extraction process based on solubility differences between the components, as well as the ability to vary the solvent power of the supercritical fluid, is described. The use of adduct-forming agents, such as phosphorous-containing ligands, to separate metal or metalloid chelates in such processes is further disclosed. In preferred embodiments, the extraction solvent is supercritical carbon dioxide and the chelating agent is selected from the group consisting of &bgr;-diketones; phosphine oxides, such as trialkylphosphine oxides, triarylphosphine oxides and alkylarylphosphine oxides; phosphinic acids; carboxylic acids; phosphates, such as trialkylphosphates, triarylphosphates and alkylarylphosphates; crown ethers; dithiocarbamates; phosphine sulfides; phosphorothioic acids; thiophosphinic acids; halogenated analogs of these chelating agents; and mixtures of these chelating agents. In especially preferred embodiments, at least one of the chelating agents is fluorinated.
摘要翻译：描述了使用基于组分之间的溶解度差异的超临界萃取方法以及改变超临界流体的溶剂能力的能力将期望的金属或金属离子与杂质分离的方法。进一步公开了使用加合物形成剂，例如含磷配体，在这些方法中分离金属或类金属螯合物。在优选的实施方案中，提取溶剂是超临界二氧化碳，螯合剂选自β-二酮; 氧化膦，如三烷基氧化膦，三芳基氧化膦和烷基芳基氧化膦; 次膦酸; 羧酸; 磷酸盐，如三烷基磷酸盐，三芳基磷酸盐和烷基芳基磷酸盐; 冠醚; 二硫代氨基甲酸盐硫化磷; 硫代酸; 硫代次膦酸; 这些螯合剂的卤代类似物; 和这些螯合剂的混合物。在特别优选的实施方案中，至少一种螯合剂是氟化的。

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