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1. 发明授权

US07187079B2 Stacked memory cell having diffusion barriers 有权
标题翻译：具有扩散阻挡层的堆积式存储单元
公开(公告)号：US07187079B2
公开(公告)日：2007-03-06
申请号：US10666381
申请日：2003-09-19
申请人： Vikram Joshi , Narayan Solayappan , Carlos A. Paz de Araujo , Larry D. McMillan
发明人： Vikram Joshi , Narayan Solayappan , Carlos A. Paz de Araujo , Larry D. McMillan
IPC分类号： H01L23/48
CPC分类号： H01L27/11502 , C30B29/32 , C30B29/68 , H01L23/642 , H01L27/11507 , H01L28/55 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/00
摘要： A nonconductive hydrogen barrier layer is deposited on a substrate and completely covers the surface area over a memory capacitor and a MOSFET switch of an integrated circuit memory cell. A portion of an insulator layer adjacent to the bottom electrode of a memory capacitor is removed by etching to form a moat region. A nonconductive oxygen barrier layer is deposited to cover the sidewall and bottom of the moat. The nonconductive oxygen barrier layer and a conductive diffusion barrier beneath the capacitor together provide a substantially continuous diffusion barrier between the capacitor and a switch. Also, the nonconductive hydrogen barrier layer, the nonconductive oxygen barrier, and the conductive diffusion barrier substantially completely envelop the capacitor, in particular a ferroelectric thin film in the capacitor.
摘要翻译：非导电氢阻挡层沉积在基板上并完全覆盖集成电路存储单元的存储电容器和MOSFET开关上的表面积。通过蚀刻去除与存储电容器的底部电极相邻的绝缘体层的一部分，以形成护城河区域。沉积非导电氧阻隔层以覆盖护城河的侧壁和底部。电容器下面的非导电氧阻挡层和导电扩散阻挡层一起在电容器和开关之间提供基本上连续的扩散阻挡层。此外，非导电氢阻挡层，非导电氧阻挡层和导电扩散阻挡层基本上完全包围电容器，特别是电容器中的铁电薄膜。

2. 发明授权

US07064374B2 Barrier layers for protecting metal oxides from hydrogen degradation 有权
公开(公告)号：US07064374B2
公开(公告)日：2006-06-20
申请号：US10872895
申请日：2004-06-21
申请人： Narayan Solayappan , Jolanta Celinska , Vikram Joshi , Carlos A. Paz de Araujo , Larry D. McMillan
发明人： Narayan Solayappan , Jolanta Celinska , Vikram Joshi , Carlos A. Paz de Araujo , Larry D. McMillan
IPC分类号： H01L27/108
CPC分类号： H01L28/57 , H01L23/642 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/00
摘要： A hydrogen diffusion barrier in an integrated circuit is located to inhibit diffusion of hydrogen to a thin film of a metal oxide, such as a ferroelectric layered superlattice material, in an integrated circuit. The hydrogen diffusion barrier comprises at least one of the following chemical compounds: strontium tantalate, bismuth tantalate, tantalum oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and aluminum oxide. The hydrogen barrier layer is amorphous and is made by a MOCVD process at a temperature of 450° C. or less. A supplemental hydrogen barrier layer comprising a material selected from the group consisting of silicon nitride and a crystalline form of one of said hydrogen barrier layer materials is formed adjacent to said hydrogen diffusion barrier.

3. 发明授权

US06831313B2 Ferroelectric composite material, method of making same and memory utilizing same 失效
标题翻译：铁电复合材料，制造方法和利用其的记忆
公开(公告)号：US06831313B2
公开(公告)日：2004-12-14
申请号：US10332481
申请日：2003-07-22
申请人： Kiyoshi Uchiyama , Carlos A. Paz de Araujo , Vikram Joshi , Narayan Solayappan , Jolanta Celinska , Larry D. McMillan
发明人： Kiyoshi Uchiyama , Carlos A. Paz de Araujo , Vikram Joshi , Narayan Solayappan , Jolanta Celinska , Larry D. McMillan
IPC分类号： H01L2972
CPC分类号： H01L27/11502 , H01L21/02197 , H01L21/02282 , H01L21/28291 , H01L21/31691 , H01L27/11507 , H01L28/55 , H01L29/516 , H01L29/6684 , H01L29/78391
摘要： A ferroelectric memory (436) includes a plurality of memory cells (73, 82, 100) each containing a ferroelectric thin film (15) including a microscopically composite material having a ferroelectric component (18) and a dielectric component (19), the dielectric component being a different chemical compound than the ferroelectric component. The dielectric component is preferably a fluxor, i.e., a material having a higher crystallization velocity than the ferroelectric component. The addition of the fluxor permits a ferroelectric thin film to be crystallized at a temperature of between 400° C. and 550° C.
摘要翻译：铁电存储器（436）包括多个存储单元（73,82,100），每个存储单元包含具有铁电元件（18）和电介质元件（19）的显微复合材料的铁电薄膜（15），所述电介质组分是与铁电体组分不同的化合物。电介质成分优选为磁通量，即具有比铁电体成分高的结晶速度的材料。添加磁通管允许铁电薄膜在400℃和550℃之间的温度下结晶。

4. 发明授权

US06582972B1 Low temperature oxidizing method of making a layered superlattice material 有权
标题翻译：制作层状超晶格材料的低温氧化法
公开(公告)号：US06582972B1
公开(公告)日：2003-06-24
申请号：US09544697
申请日：2000-04-07
申请人： Vikram Joshi , Jolanta Celinska , Narayan Solayappan , Larry D. McMillan , Carlos A. Paz de Araujo , Koji Arita
发明人： Vikram Joshi , Jolanta Celinska , Narayan Solayappan , Larry D. McMillan , Carlos A. Paz de Araujo , Koji Arita
IPC分类号： H01G2100
CPC分类号： H01L27/11502 , C30B7/00 , C30B7/005 , C30B29/68 , H01L21/31691
摘要： A thin film of precursor for forming a layered superlattice material is applied to an integrated circuit substrate, then a strong oxidizing agent is applied at low temperature in a range of from 100° C. to 300° C. to the precursor thin film, thereby forming a metal oxide thin film. The strong oxidizing agent may be liquid or gaseous. An example of a liquid strong oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide. An example of a gaseous strong oxidizing agent is ozone. The metal oxide thin film is crystallized by annealing at elevated temperature in a range of from 500° C. to 700° C., preferably not exceeding 650° C., for a time period in a range of from 30 minutes to two hours. Annealing is conducted in an oxygen-containing atmosphere, preferably including water vapor. Treatment by ultraviolet (UV) radiation may precede annealing. RTP in a range of from 500° C. to 700° C. may precede annealing.
摘要翻译：将用于形成层状超晶格材料的前体薄膜施加到集成电路基板上，然后在100℃至300℃的低温下向前体薄膜施加强氧化剂，由此形成金属氧化物薄膜。强氧化剂可以是液体或气体。液体强氧化剂的实例是过氧化氢。气态强氧化剂的实例是臭氧。金属氧化物薄膜通过在500℃至700℃，优选不超过650℃的范围内的升高温度退火30分钟至2小时的时间段而结晶。退火在含氧气氛中进行，优选包括水蒸气。紫外线（UV）辐射处理可能退火之前。可以在退火之前从500℃到700℃的范围内的RTP。

5. 发明授权

US06437380B1 Ferroelectric device with bismuth tantalate capping layer and method of making same 失效
标题翻译：具有钽酸铋盖层的铁电元件及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US06437380B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-20
申请号：US09819542
申请日：2001-03-28
申请人： Myoungho Lim , Vikram Joshi , Narayan Solayappan , Larry D. McMillan , Carlos A. Paz de Araujo
发明人： Myoungho Lim , Vikram Joshi , Narayan Solayappan , Larry D. McMillan , Carlos A. Paz de Araujo
IPC分类号： H01L2976
CPC分类号： H01L29/516 , H01L28/56
摘要： An integrated circuit device includes a thin film of bismuth-containing layered superlattice material having a thickness not exceeding 100 nm, a capping layer thin film of bismuth tantalate, and an electrode. The capping layer has a thickness in a range of from 3 nm to 30 nm and is deposited between the thin film of layered superlattice material and the electrode to increase dielectric breakdown voltage. Preferably the capping layer contains an excess amount of bismuth relative to the stoichiometrically balanced amount represented by the balanced stoichiometric formula BiTaO4. Preferably, the layered superlattice material is ferroelectric SBT or SBTN. Preferably, the integrated circuit device is a nonvolatile ferroelectric memory. Heating treatments for fabrication of the integrated circuit device containing the bismuth tantalate capping layerare conducted at temperatures not exceeding 700° C., preferably in a range of from 650° C. to 700° C.
摘要翻译：集成电路器件包括厚度不超过100nm的含铋层状超晶格材料薄膜，钽酸铋覆盖层薄膜和电极。覆盖层的厚度在3nm至30nm的范围内，并且沉积在层状超晶格材料的薄膜和电极之间以增加介电击穿电压。优选地，封盖层相对于由平衡化学计量式BiTaO 4表示的化学计量平衡量含有过量的铋。优选地，层状超晶格材料是铁电SBT或SBTN。优选地，集成电路器件是非易失性铁电存储器。用于制造包含钽酸铋覆盖层的集成电路器件的加热处理在不超过700℃的温度下进行，优选在650℃至700℃的范围内。

6. 发明授权

US6116184A Method and apparatus for misted liquid source deposition of thin film with reduced mist particle size 失效
标题翻译：具有减少雾粒度的薄膜雾化液体沉积的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6116184A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-12
申请号：US971890
申请日：1997-11-17
申请人： Narayan Solayappan , Robert W. Grant , Larry D. McMillan , Carlos A. Paz de Araujo
发明人： Narayan Solayappan , Robert W. Grant , Larry D. McMillan , Carlos A. Paz de Araujo
IPC分类号： B05D1/00 , B05D1/04 , C23C16/40 , C23C16/44 , C23C16/448 , C23C16/455 , H01L21/02 , H01L21/31 , H01L21/314 , H01L21/316 , C23C14/00
CPC分类号： C23C18/12 , B05D1/007 , B05D1/04 , C23C16/40 , C23C16/448 , C23C16/45561 , C23C16/45565 , C23C18/1216 , H01L21/31691 , H01L28/55
摘要： A mass flow controller controls the delivery of a precursor to a mist generator. The precursor is misted utilizing a venturi in which a combination of oxygen and nitrogen gas is charged by a corona wire and passes over a precursor-filled throat. The mist is refined using a particle inertial separator, electrically filtered so that it comprises predominately negative ions, passes into a velocity reduction chamber, and then flows into a deposition chamber through inlet ports in an inlet plate that is both a partition between the chambers and a grounded electrode. The inlet plate is located above and substantially parallel to the plane of the substrate on which the mist is to be deposited. The substrate is positively charged to a voltage of about 5000 volts. There are 440 inlet ports per square inch in an 39 square inch inlet port area of the inlet plate directly above the substrate. The inlet port area is approximately equal to the substrate area. An exhaust port defines a channel about the periphery of an exhaust plane parallel to and below the substrate plane.
摘要翻译：质量流量控制器控制前体到雾发生器的输送。使用文丘里管雾化前体，其中氧气和氮气的组合由电晕丝充电并且通过前体填充的喉部。使用粒子惯性分离器精制雾气，使其主要包含负离子，进入减速室，然后通过入口板中的入口端口进入沉积室，该入口板是腔室之间的分隔，接地电极。入口板位于要沉积雾的基底的平面上方并且基本上平行。基板被充电至约5000伏特的电压。在基板正上方的入口板的39平方英寸进口端口区域中每平方英寸有440个入口端口。入口面积大致等于衬底面积。排气口围绕平行于和低于衬底平面的排气平面的周边限定通道。

7. 发明授权

US06781184B2 Barrier layers for protecting metal oxides from hydrogen degradation 有权
标题翻译：用于保护金属氧化物免受氢降解的阻挡层
公开(公告)号：US06781184B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-24
申请号：US09998469
申请日：2001-11-29
申请人： Narayan Solayappan , Jolanta Celinska , Vikram Joshi , Carlos A. Paz de Araujo , Larry D. McMillan
发明人： Narayan Solayappan , Jolanta Celinska , Vikram Joshi , Carlos A. Paz de Araujo , Larry D. McMillan
IPC分类号： H01L27108
CPC分类号： H01L28/57 , H01L23/642 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/00
摘要： A hydrogen diffusion barrier in an integrated circuit is located to inhibit diffusion of hydrogen to a thin film of a metal oxide, such as a ferroelectric layered superlattice material, in an integrated circuit. The hydrogen diffusion barrier comprises at least one of the following chemical compounds: strontium tantalate, bismuth tantalate, tantalum oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and aluminum oxide. The hydrogen barrier layer is amorphous and is made by a MOCVD process at a temperature of 450° C. or less. A supplemental hydrogen barrier layer comprising a material selected from the group consisting of silicon nitride and a crystalline form of one of said hydrogen barrier layer materials is formed adjacent to said hydrogen diffusion barrier.
摘要翻译：集成电路中的氢扩散阻挡层位于集成电路中以抑制氢扩散到诸如铁电层状超晶格材料的金属氧化物的薄膜。氢扩散阻挡层包括以下化合物中的至少一种：钽酸锶，钽酸铋，氧化钽，氧化钛，氧化锆和氧化铝。氢阻挡层是无定形的，并且在450℃或更低的温度下通过MOCVD工艺制成。在与所述氢扩散阻挡层相邻的地方形成包括选自氮化硅和所述氢阻挡层材料之一的结晶形式的材料的补充氢阻挡层。

8. 发明授权

US06511718B1 Method and apparatus for fabrication of thin films by chemical vapor deposition 失效
标题翻译：通过化学气相沉积制造薄膜的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06511718B1
公开(公告)日：2003-01-28
申请号：US09446226
申请日：1999-12-17
申请人： Carlos A. Paz de Araujo , Larry D. McMillan , Narayan Solayappan , Jeffrey W. Bacon
发明人： Carlos A. Paz de Araujo , Larry D. McMillan , Narayan Solayappan , Jeffrey W. Bacon
IPC分类号： H05H124
CPC分类号： C23C16/45565 , B05D1/007 , B05D1/04 , C23C16/40 , C23C16/448 , C23C16/45561 , C23C18/12 , H01L21/31691 , H01L28/55
摘要： A venturi mist generator creates a mist comprising droplets having a mean diameter less than one micron from liquid precursors containing multi-metal polyalkoxide compounds. The mist is mixed and then passed into a gasifier where the mist droplets are gasified at a temperature of between 100° C. and 250° C., which is lower than the temperature at which the precursor compounds decompose. The gasified precursor compounds are transported by carrier gas through insulated tubing at ambient temperature to prevent both condensation and premature decomposition. The gasified precursors are mixed with oxidant gas, and the gaseous reactant mixture is injected through a showerhead inlet into a deposition reactor in which a substrate is heated at a temperature of from 300° C. to 600 ° C. The gasified precursors decompose at the substrate and form a thin film of solid material on the substrate. The thin film is treated at elevated temperatures of from 500° C. to 900° C. to form polycrystalline metal oxide material, in particular, ferroelectric layered superlattice material.
摘要翻译：文丘里雾发生器产生包含具有小于1微米的平均直径的液滴的雾，所述液体前体含有多金属聚烷氧化物。将雾混合，然后进入气化器，在气化器中雾滴在100℃和250℃之间的温度下气化，该温度低于前体化合物分解的温度。气化的前体化合物通过载气在环境温度下通过绝缘管输送，以防止冷凝和过早分解。将气化的前体与氧化剂气体混合，并将气态反应物混合物通过喷头入口注入沉积反应器中，在沉积反应器中将基底在300℃至600℃的温度下加热。气化的前体在衬底并在衬底上形成固体材料的薄膜。该薄膜在500℃至900℃的高温下进行处理以形成多晶金属氧化物材料，特别是铁电层状超晶格材料。

9. 发明授权

US06743643B2 Stacked memory cell having diffusion barriers 有权
标题翻译：具有扩散阻挡层的堆积式存储单元
公开(公告)号：US06743643B2
公开(公告)日：2004-06-01
申请号：US10348706
申请日：2003-01-22
申请人： Vikram Joshi , Narayan Solayappan , Carlos A. Paz de Araujo , Larry D. McMillan
发明人： Vikram Joshi , Narayan Solayappan , Carlos A. Paz de Araujo , Larry D. McMillan
IPC分类号： H01G706
CPC分类号： H01L27/11502 , C30B29/32 , C30B29/68 , H01L23/642 , H01L27/11507 , H01L28/55 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/00
摘要： A nonconductive hydrogen barrier layer is deposited on a substrate and completely covers the surface area over a memory capacitor and a MOSFET switch of an integrated circuit memory cell. A portion of an insulator layer adjacent to the bottom electrode of a memory capacitor is removed by etching to form a moat region. A nonconductive oxygen barrier layer is deposited to cover the sidewall and bottom of the moat. The nonconductive oxygen barrier layer and a conductive diffusion barrier beneath the capacitor together provide a substantially continuous diffusion barrier between the capacitor and a switch. Also, the nonconductive hydrogen barrier layer, the nonconductive oxygen barrier, and the conductive diffusion barrier substantially completely envelop the capacitor, in particular a ferroelectric thin film in the capacitor.
摘要翻译：非导电氢阻挡层沉积在基板上并完全覆盖集成电路存储单元的存储电容器和MOSFET开关上的表面积。通过蚀刻去除与存储电容器的底部电极相邻的绝缘体层的一部分，以形成护城河区域。沉积非导电氧阻隔层以覆盖护城河的侧壁和底部。电容器下面的非导电氧阻挡层和导电扩散阻挡层一起在电容器和开关之间提供基本上连续的扩散阻挡层。此外，非导电氢阻挡层，非导电氧阻挡层和导电扩散阻挡层基本上完全包围电容器，特别是电容器中的铁电薄膜。

10. 发明授权

US06258733B1 Method and apparatus for misted liquid source deposition of thin film with reduced mist particle size 失效
标题翻译：具有减少雾粒度的薄膜雾化液体沉积的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06258733B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-10
申请号：US09620751
申请日：2000-07-21
申请人： Narayan Solayappan , Robert W. Grant , Larry D. McMillan , Carlos A. Paz de Araujo
发明人： Narayan Solayappan , Robert W. Grant , Larry D. McMillan , Carlos A. Paz de Araujo
IPC分类号： A01L2131
CPC分类号： C23C18/12 , B05D1/007 , B05D1/04 , C23C16/40 , C23C16/448 , C23C16/45561 , C23C16/45565 , C23C18/1216 , H01L21/31691 , H01L28/55
摘要： A mass flow controller controls the delivery of a precursor to a mist generator. The precursor is misted utilizing a venturi in which a combination of oxygen and nitrogen gas is charged by a corona wire and passes over a precursor-filled throat. The mist is refined using a particle inertial separator, electrically filtered so that it comprises predominantly negative ions, passes into a velocity reduction chamber, and then flows into a deposition chamber through inlet ports in an inlet plate that is both a partition between the chambers and a grounded electrode. The inlet plate is located above and substantially parallel to the plane of the substrate on which the mist is to be deposited. The substrate is positively charged to a voltage of about 5000 volts. There are 440 inlet ports per square inch in an 39 square inch inlet port area of the inlet plate directly above the substrate. The inlet port area is approximately equal to the substrate area. An exhaust port defines a channel about the periphery of an exhaust plane parallel to and below the substrate plane.
摘要翻译：质量流量控制器控制前体到雾发生器的输送。使用文丘里管雾化前体，其中氧气和氮气的组合由电晕丝充电并且通过前体填充的喉部。使用粒子惯性分离器精制雾，使其主要包含负离子，进入减速室，然后通过入口板中的入口板流入沉积室，该入口板是室和室之间的隔板接地电极。入口板位于要沉积雾的基底的平面上方并且基本上平行。基板被充电至约5000伏特的电压。在基板正上方的入口板的39平方英寸进口端口区域中每平方英寸有440个入口端口。入口面积大致等于衬底面积。排气口围绕平行于和低于衬底平面的排气平面的周边限定通道。

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