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1. 发明授权

US5254781A Olefins process which combines hydrocarbon cracking with coupling methane 失效
标题翻译：将烃裂解与偶联甲烷相结合的烯烃工艺
公开(公告)号：US5254781A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-19
申请号：US815244
申请日：1991-12-31
申请人： Narasimhan Calamur , George A. Huff, Jr. , Harold A. Lindahl
发明人： Narasimhan Calamur , George A. Huff, Jr. , Harold A. Lindahl
IPC分类号： B01J8/00 , B01J19/24 , B01J23/10 , B01J23/14 , C07B61/00 , C07C2/84 , C07C4/04 , C07C5/48 , C07C11/02 , C07C11/04 , C07C11/06 , C10G9/00 , C10G9/36 , C10G50/00 , C10G57/00 , C07C2/00
CPC分类号： C10G57/00 , B01J19/2475 , B01J23/10 , B01J23/14 , B01J8/009 , C07C2/84 , C07C4/04 , C07C5/48 , B01J2219/00063 , B01J2219/00117 , B01J2219/00126 , B01J2219/00155 , C07C2521/02 , C07C2521/06 , C07C2523/02 , C07C2523/08 , C07C2523/10 , C07C2523/14 , Y10S585/91 , Y10S585/911 , Y10S585/943
摘要： An olefins process is described which combines cracking of a hydrocarbon feedstock with the coupling of methane using an oxygen-affording gas such that the heat evolved in the exothermic methane coupling reaction is effectively transferred to the endothermic cracking process in a manner which does not allow the non-hydrocarbon products in the effluent of the methane coupling reaction to mix with the effluent of the cracking process. By combining the cryogenic requirements of the two processes, the refrigeration used in air liquifaction to separate oxygen for the methane coupling process can provide refrigerant nitrogen to liquify one or more of methane, ethylene and propylene which can be used in the cryogenic separation of the C.sub.2 + hydrocarbon products in the cracking process effluent.
摘要翻译：描述了一种烯烃方法，其将烃原料的裂化与使用氧气提供气体的甲烷的偶合组合，使得在放热甲烷偶合反应中放出的热量有效地转移到吸热裂解过程中，其方式不允许非烃类产物在流出物中的甲烷偶联反应与流出物的裂解过程混合。通过结合两种方法的低温要求，用于空气液化以分离用于甲烷耦合过程的氧气的制冷可以提供制冷剂氮以液化一种或多种甲烷，乙烯和丙烯，其可用于C2 + 烃类产物在裂解过程中的流出物。

2. 发明授权

US4835307A Method and apparatus for controlling the manufacture of terephthalic acid to control the level and variability of the contaminant content and the optical density 失效
标题翻译：用于控制对苯二甲酸的制造的方法和装置，以控制污染物含量的水平和变异性以及光密度
公开(公告)号：US4835307A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-30
申请号：US681227
申请日：1984-12-13
申请人： Harold A. Lindahl , Kenneth J. Abrams , Leonard E. Stark , Martin A. Zeitlin
发明人： Harold A. Lindahl , Kenneth J. Abrams , Leonard E. Stark , Martin A. Zeitlin
IPC分类号： B01J19/00 , C07C51/265
CPC分类号： B01J19/0006 , C07C51/265
摘要： The method and apparatus for manufacturing terephthalic acid (TA) are capable of producing TA having a closely controlled, desired amount of contaminant, 4-carboxy-benazldehyde (4-CBA), therein and/or a closely controlled optical density. In the method, a feed of para-xylene or similar feedstock mixed with catalyst components and solvent system is fed to a reactor stage comprising one or more reactors with oxygen for carrying out an exothermic oxidation reaction in the reactor stage, and an output slurry from the reactor stage is fed with oxygen to a first crystallizer of a crystallizing stage. The method comprises the steps of: determining empirical relationships between (1) the desired level of contaminant in the TA output product from the crystallizing stage and the oxygen uptake in the first crystallizer and (2) the oxygen uptake in the first crystallizer and the CO.sub.2 in the vent gas from the reactor stage; monitoring the CO.sub.2 in the vent gas from the reactor stage; and, adjusting operating variables of the reactor stage within minimum and maximum constraints thereof to adjust the reactor vent CO.sub.2 to a desired level.Also, the method includes the steps of: determining empirically a mathematical relationship between the oxygen in the vent gas from the reactor stage and the opticals or optical density of the TA output product; monitoring the oxygen in the vent gases; and, adjusting the air intake to the reactor stage until the oxygen in the reactor vent gas is at a desired level to provide TA output product with a desired optical density.The apparatus includes one or more reactors, one or more crystallizers, and control devices for carrying out the various steps of the method.
摘要翻译：用于制造对苯二甲酸（TA）的方法和装置能够产生其中具有严密控制的所需量的污染物的4-羧基 - 苯并三氢（4-CBA）和/或密度受控的光密度的TA。在该方法中，将与催化剂组分和溶剂体系混合的对二甲苯或类似原料的进料进料到包含一个或多个反应器的反应器阶段，所述反应器具有氧气，用于在反应器阶段进行放热氧化反应，将反应器级进料到氧气至结晶阶段的第一结晶器。该方法包括以下步骤：确定（1）来自结晶阶段的TA输出产物中的污染物的期望水平与第一结晶器中的氧吸收之间的经验关系，以及（2）第一结晶器和CO 2中的氧吸收在反应器阶段的排气中; 监测来自反应器阶段的排放气体中的二氧化碳; 并且将反应器级的操作变量调整到其最小和最大限制内以将反应器排气CO 2调整到期望的水平。此外，该方法包括以下步骤：经验地确定来自反应器级的排放气体中的氧与TA输出产物的光学或光密度之间的数学关系; 监测排气中的氧气; 并且调节到反应器阶段的空气进入直到反应器排出气体中的氧气达到期望的水平，以提供具有期望的光密度的TA输出产物。该装置包括一个或多个反应器，一个或多个结晶器和用于执行该方法的各个步骤的控制装置。

3. 发明授权

US4888704A Advanced control strategies for melt flow rate and reactor concentration in the polypropylene slurry process 失效
标题翻译：聚丙烯浆料工艺中熔体流动速率和反应器浓度的先进控制策略
公开(公告)号：US4888704A
公开(公告)日：1989-12-19
申请号：US134854
申请日：1987-12-18
申请人： Robert J. Topliss , Norman F. Brockmeier , Harold A. Lindahl
发明人： Robert J. Topliss , Norman F. Brockmeier , Harold A. Lindahl
IPC分类号： C08F4/64 , B01J8/18 , B01J8/22 , C08F2/34 , C08F4/60 , C08F10/00 , C08F10/06
CPC分类号： C08F10/00 , B01J8/1809 , B01J8/222 , C08F10/06 , C08F2400/02
摘要： The control strategies include controlling the slurry concentration (SCON) by making an energy balance calculation around a slurry reactor and a material balance of liquid in, and liquid and solids out, of the reactor to determine the SCON. The feed rate of a diluent (hexane) stream into the reactor is adjusted to cause the SCON to approach or be at a target SCON. Further the control strategies include controlling the melt flow rate (MFR) by measuring the temperature and pressure in the slurry reactor and by gas chromatography, determining the ratio of hydrogen to propylene, calculating the MFR from a correlation developed from polypropylene process results from these parameters and then adjusting the feed rate of a hydrogen stream into the reactor to cause the MFR to approach or be at a target MFR which will yield a desired product of polypropylene.
摘要翻译：控制策略包括通过围绕浆料反应器进行能量平衡计算和反应器中的液体和液体和固体物质平衡计算来控制浆料浓度（SCON）以确定SCON。调节稀释剂（己烷）流进入反应器的进料速率，使SCON接近或处于目标SCON。此外，控制策略包括通过测量浆料反应器中的温度和压力并通过气相色谱法测定氢气与丙烯的比例来控制熔体流动速率（MFR），从根据这些参数的聚丙烯过程结果产生的相关性计算MFR 然后调节进入反应器的氢气流的进料速率，使MFR接近或达到目标MFR，这将产生所需的聚丙烯产物。

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