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1. 发明授权

US5532860A Spatial synchronization for optical communication system 失效
标题翻译：光通信系统的空间同步
公开(公告)号：US5532860A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-02
申请号：US406437
申请日：1995-03-20
申请人： John E. Hershey , Nabeel A. Riza , Amer A. Hassan
发明人： John E. Hershey , Nabeel A. Riza , Amer A. Hassan
IPC分类号： G02B27/48 , H04J14/00
CPC分类号： H04J14/00 , G02B27/48
摘要： A spatial synchronization method for an optical communications system includes the step of transmitting from a transmit aperture a pyramidal synchronizing profile so as to sequentially spatially register a user identification speckle pattern at a receive aperture. The iterative patterns in the pyramidal synchronizing profile detected by the receive array are processed and correlated with a library of respective user pyramidal synchronizing profiles so as to match and register the speckle pattern for a particular user. Registration of the user speckle pattern provides an offset value representing the spatial relation of a reference point of the user's pattern to a corresponding reference point of the receive aperture, which offset information is applied to a receive pattern processor so that the receive aperture is aligned with the transmitted speckle patterns.
摘要翻译：用于光通信系统的空间同步方法包括从发射孔径发送锥体同步分布的步骤，以便在接收孔径处依次空间地登记用户识别散斑图案。由接收阵列检测的金字塔形同步分布中的迭代模式被处理并与相应用户锥体同步分布的文库相关联，以便匹配并注册特定用户的散斑图案。用户斑点图案的注册提供表示用户图案的参考点与接收孔径的相应参考点的空间关系的偏移值，该偏移信息被施加到接收图案处理器，使得接收孔径与传输的斑点图案。

2. 发明授权

US5410147A Optical communication system using coplanar light modulators 失效
标题翻译：使用共面光调制器的光通信系统
公开(公告)号：US5410147A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-25
申请号：US932819
申请日：1992-08-20
申请人： Nabeel A. Riza , John E. Hershey , Amer A. Hassan
发明人： Nabeel A. Riza , John E. Hershey , Amer A. Hassan
IPC分类号： G02F1/21 , H04B10/04 , G02F1/13
CPC分类号： H04B10/50 , G02F1/21
摘要： An optical communications system includes apparatus for interferometric signaling in which light signals are propagated from a first location so as to form at least one predetermined interference pattern at a second location remote from the first location and then the received light signals are demodulated at the second location. The apparatus includes a substantially coherent light source and a plurality of adjacent, substantially coplanar optical modulators in the path of the emitted light.
摘要翻译：光通信系统包括用于干涉信令的设备，其中光信号从第一位置传播，以便在远离第一位置的第二位置处形成至少一个预定的干扰图案，然后在第二位置解调所接收的光信号。该装置在发射光的路径中包括基本上相干的光源和多个相邻的基本共面的光学调制器。

3. 发明授权

US06525863B1 Multi-technology multi-beam-former platform for robust fiber-optical beam control modules 失效
标题翻译：用于强大的光纤光束控制模块的多技术多光束成像平台
公开(公告)号：US06525863B1
公开(公告)日：2003-02-25
申请号：US09512436
申请日：2000-02-25
申请人： Nabeel A. Riza
发明人： Nabeel A. Riza
IPC分类号： G02B2600
CPC分类号： G02B6/2938 , G02B6/266 , G02B6/29395 , G02B6/3512 , G02B6/3556 , G02B6/3558
摘要： This invention pertains to a basic multi-technology application of cascaded beam-formers. A dual MEMS-EO technology platform method involving a two axis deflection micro-mirror cascaded with a three dimensional electro-optical beam-former such as a multi pixel liquid crystal device forms a powerful reflective control site for an incident beam, thereby inherently providing a robust beam control with both coarse and fine beam control capabilities in three dimensions. The electrically controlled two axis micro-mirror is excellent in providing the large angular beam deflections, while the liquid crystal device provides excellent small-beam deflections. This leads to a mechanically robust beam control module. A multipixel MEMS mirror device option coupled with the EO device can also provide simultaneous multi-beam generation capability. Furthermore, use of macro-pixels for both the MEMS and EO devices provides resistance to single pixel dependent catastrophic failure for the overall module. The mirror two-axis control can be supplemented with additional translational mirror motion, giving the ultimate option of cascading two 3-D beam-formers.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及级联射束成形器的基本多技术应用。涉及与诸如多像素液晶装置的三维电光成像仪级联的双轴偏转微镜的双MEMS-EO技术平台方法为入射光束形成强大的反射控制位置，从而固有地提供坚固的光束控制，具有三维的粗光束和精细光束控制功能。电控双轴微镜在提供大角度光束偏转方面是极好的，而液晶装置提供优异的小光束偏转。这导致机械稳健的光束控制模块。与EO装置耦合的多像素MEMS镜装置选项还可以提供同时多光束发生能力。此外，对于MEMS和EO器件，使用宏观像素提供对整个模块的单像素依赖性灾难性故障的抵抗。镜面两轴控制可以补充额外的平移镜运动，给出两个3-D波束形成器的级联的最终选择。

4. 发明授权

US5617109A Three terminal liquid crystal lens cell 失效
标题翻译：三端液晶透镜单元
公开(公告)号：US5617109A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-01
申请号：US348404
申请日：1994-12-02
申请人： Michael C. DeJule , Nabeel A. Riza
发明人： Michael C. DeJule , Nabeel A. Riza
IPC分类号： G02F1/1343 , G02F1/29 , G09G3/36
CPC分类号： G02F1/134309 , G02F1/29 , G02F2001/294
摘要： A three-terminal liquid crystal (LC) lens cell includes a center-biased symmetrical quadratic electrode network that has a center electrode electrically coupled to a bias voltage source, and a first and a second network electrode circuit. The respective bias voltage terminus of each network electrode circuit is coupled to the bias voltage source, and the respective control voltage terminus of each network electrode circuit is electrically coupled to a selectively variable lens focus control power supply. Each network electrode circuit further includes respective pluralities of network electrodes electrically coupled together in series and quadratic gradient network biasing resistors respectively electrically coupled therebetween to provide a symmetric quadratic voltage pattern. Each LC cell further is typically thin-film resistor biased, having an optically transparent electrically resistive planar layer disposed in electrical contact with each electrode in the center-biased symmetrical quadratic electrode network.
摘要翻译：三端液晶（LC）透镜单元包括具有电耦合到偏置电压源的中心电极和第一和第二网络电极电路的中心偏置对称二次电极网络。每个网络电极电路的各自的偏置电压端子耦合到偏置电压源，并且每个网络电极电路的相应的控制电压端电耦合到选择性可变的透镜聚焦控制电源。每个网络电极电路还包括分别电耦合在一起的多个网络电极和分别电耦合在其间的二次梯度网络偏置电阻器，以提供对称的二次电压模式。每个LC单元进一步通常是薄膜电阻器偏置的，具有设置成与中心偏置的对称二次电极网络中的每个电极电接触的光学透明电阻平面层。

5. 发明授权

US08587686B1 Hybrid differential optical sensing imager 失效
标题翻译：混合差分光学传感成像仪
公开(公告)号：US08587686B1
公开(公告)日：2013-11-19
申请号：US13049478
申请日：2011-03-16
申请人： Nabeel A. Riza , Hassan Foroosh
发明人： Nabeel A. Riza , Hassan Foroosh
IPC分类号： H04N5/235 , H04N5/228
CPC分类号： G01S17/42 , G01S7/4802 , G01S7/481 , G01S17/023 , G01S17/89
摘要： Methods and systems for a differential compressed sensor to form a smart optical imager that uses both active (laser) and passive (ambient light) to sample the direct image information within a three-dimensional spatial frame. The lens-based distance sensor is produces smart sampling of target by adjusting the size of the laser beam spot on the target sampling grid to produce a boundary outline by a light flooding. This target dependent direct sampling of the target results in direct compressed sensing. A passive light acquisition pin-hole sampling optical sensor design is proposed that produces the pixel-basis Laplacian to determine the compressed sensed pixels in the incident image.
摘要翻译：用于差分压缩传感器以形成智能光学成像器的方法和系统，其使用有源（激光）和被动（环境光）来在三维空间帧内采样直接图像信息。基于镜头的距离传感器通过调整目标采样网格上的激光束斑点的尺寸，通过光驱产生边界轮廓，产生目标的智能采样。目标依赖的目标直接采样导致直接压缩感测。提出了一种无源光采集针孔采样光学传感器设计，其产生基于像素的拉普拉斯算子来确定入射图像中的压缩感测像素。

6. 发明授权

US08213022B1 Spatially smart optical sensing and scanning 失效
标题翻译：空间智能光学传感和扫描
公开(公告)号：US08213022B1
公开(公告)日：2012-07-03
申请号：US12717459
申请日：2010-03-04
申请人： Nabeel A. Riza , Frank Perez
发明人： Nabeel A. Riza , Frank Perez
IPC分类号： G01B11/30
CPC分类号： G01B11/026 , G01B11/24 , G01S7/4814 , G01S17/89
摘要： Methods, devices and systems of an optical sensor for spatially smart 3-D object measurements using variable focal length lenses to target both specular and diffuse objects by matching transverse dimensions of the sampling optical beam to the transverse size of the flat target for given axial target distance for instantaneous spatial mapping of flat target, zone. The sensor allows volumetric data compressed remote sensing of object transverse dimensions including cross-sectional size, motion transverse displacement, inter-objects transverse gap distance, 3-D animation data acquisition, laser-based 3-D machining, and 3-D inspection and testing. An embodiment provides a 2-D optical display using 2-D laser scanning and 3-D beamforming optics engaged with sensor optics to measure distance of display screen from the laser source and scanning optics by adjusting its focus to produce the smallest focused beam spot on the display screen. With known screen distance, the angular scan range for the scan mirrors can be computed to generate the number of scanned spots in the 2-D display.
摘要翻译：用于使用可变焦距透镜的空间智能3-D物体测量的光学传感器的方法，装置和系统，其通过将采样光束的横向尺寸与给定轴向目标的平面目标的横向尺寸相匹配来瞄准镜面和漫射物体平面目标，区域的瞬时空间映射距离。传感器允许体积数据压缩遥感对象横向尺寸，包括横截面尺寸，运动横向位移，物体间间距，3D动画数据采集，基于激光的三维加工和三维检测; 测试。实施例提供使用二维激光扫描和与传感器光学器件相结合的三维波束成形光学器件的二维光学显示器，以通过调整其聚焦来测量显示屏幕与激光源的距离和扫描光学元件，以产生最小的聚焦光束点显示屏幕。利用已知的屏幕距离，可以计算扫描镜的角度扫描范围，以产生2-D显示中的扫描点数。

7. 发明授权

US5694216A Scanning heterodyne acousto-optical interferometers 失效
标题翻译：扫描外差声光干涉仪
公开(公告)号：US5694216A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-02
申请号：US636506
申请日：1996-04-25
申请人： Nabeel A. Riza
发明人： Nabeel A. Riza
IPC分类号： G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01B9/02004 , G01B9/02002 , G01B9/02007 , G01B9/02072 , G01B2290/30 , G01B2290/65 , G01B2290/70
摘要： Compact, high performance, scanning heterodyne optical interferometers for interferometric phase-based measurement and a host of other applications are introduced. An in-line, almost common-path optical interferometer design offers robustness to externally induced phase noise via mechanical vibrations, thermal effects, and other environmental effects. Several instrument designs are disclosed for both transmissive and reflective interferometry. These interferometers use acousto-optic devices or Bragg cells to implement rapid (e.g.,
摘要翻译：介绍了用于干涉式相位测量的紧凑，高性能，扫描外差光学干涉仪以及许多其他应用。一种直线式，几乎通用光路干涉仪设计通过机械振动，热效应和其他环境影响提供了对外部诱发的相位噪声的鲁棒性。公开了用于透射和反射干涉测量的几种仪器设计。这些干涉仪使用声光装置或布拉格单元来实现测试介质的快速（例如<50μs/扫描点）光学扫描。虽然读取的光束扫描给定的测试区域，仪器的双布拉格衍射光学设计使最终的干扰输出光束固定在用于通过外差检测的射频信号生成的两个高速光检测器上。一个光电检测器用作固定相位参考，而另一个固定光电检测器在光束扫描测试区域时拾取测试介质相位信息。通过使用固定的一维输出高速检测器阵列，或者通过使用高速非机械电光偏转器，测试介质的高速二维光学扫描是可能的。此外，本发明可以体现在使用用于加密的相干编码相干光纤传输的空间码的快速光学扫描的相干宽带宽光发射机中。这种用于复杂光学代码读取和传输的相干系统本质上是可逆的，并且可以用于发射 - 接收编码的相干光通信。

8. 发明授权

US5345321A Compact polarization dependent optical switching units 失效
标题翻译：紧凑的偏振相关光开关单元
公开(公告)号：US5345321A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-06
申请号：US994012
申请日：1992-12-21
申请人： Michael C. DeJule , Thomas L. Credelle , Nabeel A. Riza , Donald E. Castleberry
发明人： Michael C. DeJule , Thomas L. Credelle , Nabeel A. Riza , Donald E. Castleberry
IPC分类号： G02F1/31 , H01Q3/26 , G02F1/1335 , H01Q3/22
CPC分类号： G02F1/31 , H01Q3/2676
摘要： A compact optical switching unit includes a spatial light modulator coupled to a delay assembly such that incident light beams are respectively selectively directed along either a direct path or a delay path dependent on the linear polarization of the light beam. The delay assembly includes a light deflection device, such as a polarizing beam splitter, coupled to a delay path apparatus, such as mirror prisms or fiber optic cable. A compact and readily fabricated cascade of optical switching units includes polarizing beam splitter blocks and polarization rotation switch blocks, a portion of which constitutes the polarizing beamsplitters and spatial light modulators in respective optical switching units sequentially optically coupled. Delay path apparatuses disposed along an axis orthogonal to both the axis of beams passing along a direct path through polarizing beam splitter switches on the direct path and the axis between respective optical switching units result in a compact optical architecture.
摘要翻译：紧凑的光学开关单元包括耦合到延迟组件的空间光调制器，使得入射光束分别根据光束的线性偏振而沿着直接路径或延迟路径选择性地定向。延迟组件包括耦合到诸如镜面棱镜或光纤电缆的延迟路径装置的偏转光束分离器的光偏转装置。紧凑且容易制造的光学开关单元的级联包括偏振分束器块和偏振旋转开关块，其一部分构成顺序光学耦合的相应光学开关单元中的偏振分束器和空间光调制器。延伸路径装置沿着与通过直接路径的光束轴正交的轴正交，通过直接路径上的偏振分束器开关和各个光开关单元之间的轴产生紧凑的光学架构。

9. 发明授权

US5307073A Optically controlled phased array radar 失效
标题翻译：光控相控阵雷达
公开(公告)号：US5307073A
公开(公告)日：1994-04-26
申请号：US976019
申请日：1992-11-13
申请人： Nabeel A. Riza
发明人： Nabeel A. Riza
IPC分类号： G02F2/00 , H01Q3/26 , H01Q3/22 , G02B26/06 , H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H01Q3/2676 , G02F2/002 , G02F2203/12
摘要： A compact, stable, and optically efficient two dimensional spatial light modulator-based electro-optical control system for large (>1000 elements) phase-based phased array antennas uses two externally phase-locked lasers to generate respective pluralities of first and second light beams that are respectively mutually orthogonally polarized. Respective ones of the first and second light beams are combined to pass along collinear and coincident paths to form a plurality of combined light beams. The frequency difference between the first and second light beams which form the constituent beams in each combined beam cause an interference pattern that, upon heterodyne detection of the optical signal and conversion to an electrical antenna drive signal, provides control of the carrier frequency for driving the antenna. A phase delay is introduced via electrical control of an array of birefringent-mode nematic liquid crystal pixels that selectively phase delay one of the constituent light beams having a predetermined linear polarization in each combined light beam, while the other constituent beam is not phase delayed and is used as a reference for microwave/millimeter wave signal generation via interferometric detection through a photodiode. Further, a frequency shift unit coupled to the laser assembly enable an intermediate frequency offset to be selectively introduced, such as during receive cycles of the radar, such that electrical output signals generated by the optical signal processing system exhibit a desired intermediate frequency.
摘要翻译：用于大型（> 1000个元件）基于相位的相控阵天线的紧凑，稳定且光学有效的基于二维空间光调制器的电光控制系统使用两个外部锁相激光器来产生相应的多个第一和第二光束分别相互正交极化。将第一和第二光束中的相应光束组合以沿着共线和重合路径传递以形成多个组合光束。在每个组合光束中形成组成光束的第一和第二光束之间的频率差导致干涉图案，在外部检测光信号和转换为电天线驱动信号时，提供对载波频率的控制以驱动天线。通过双折射模式向列型液晶像素的阵列的电气控制引入相位延迟，该双折射模式向列型液晶像素选择性地相位延迟每个组合光束中具有预定线性偏振的组成光束之一，而另一个构成光束不相位延迟，用作通过光电二极管通过干涉测量检测产生微波/毫米波信号的参考。此外，耦合到激光器组件的频移单元使得能够选择性地引入中频偏移，诸如在雷达的接收周期期间，使得由光信号处理系统产生的电输出信号呈现期望的中频。

10. 发明授权

US5187487A Compact wide tunable bandwidth phased array antenna controller 失效
标题翻译：紧凑型宽可调带宽相控阵天线控制器
公开(公告)号：US5187487A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-16
申请号：US847156
申请日：1992-03-05
申请人： Nabeel A. Riza
发明人： Nabeel A. Riza
IPC分类号： H01Q3/26
CPC分类号： H01Q3/2676
摘要： A compact, stable, and optically efficient two dimensional spatial light modulator-based electro-optical control system for large (>1000 elements) phase-based phased array antennas uses an acousto-optic modulator (AOM) driven by a microwave signal at the desired radar carrier. A phase delay is introduced via electrical control of an array of birefringent-mode nematic liquid crystal cells that selectively phase delays a polarized signal light beam, while a non-phase delayed doppler shifted polarized beam is used as a reference for microwave signal generation via interferometric detection through a photodiode. The optical design provides a very fast (in nsecs) wideband carrier hopping capability. An alternative embodiment of the invention uses a deformable mirror device (DMD) SLM to introduce the required phase shifts.
摘要翻译：用于大型（> 1000个元件）基于相位的相控阵天线的紧凑，稳定且光学有效的基于二维空间光调制器的电光控制系统使用由所需的微波信号驱动的声光调制器（AOM）雷达载体。相位延迟通过双折射模式向列型液晶单元阵列的电气控制引入，该双折射模式向列型液晶单元选择性地相位延迟偏振信号光束，而非相位延迟多普勒偏移偏振光束用作通过干涉测量产生微波信号的参考通过光电二极管进行检测。光学设计提供了非常快的（nsecs）宽带载波跳频能力。本发明的替代实施例使用可变形反射镜装置（DMD）SLM来引入所需的相移。

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