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1. 发明申请

US20080007719A1 Method for Increasing Accuracy of Measurement of Mean Polarization Mode Dispersion 审中-公开
标题翻译：提高平均偏振模色散测量精度的方法
公开(公告)号：US20080007719A1
公开(公告)日：2008-01-10
申请号：US11860593
申请日：2007-09-25
申请人： Mikhail Boroditsky , Mikhail Brodsky , Nicholas Frigo , Peter Magill
发明人： Mikhail Boroditsky , Mikhail Brodsky , Nicholas Frigo , Peter Magill
IPC分类号： G01N21/00 , G01R29/26
CPC分类号： G01M11/336 , G01M11/331 , H04B10/2569
摘要： The present invention provides a method for increasing the accuracy of measurement of mean differential group delay (DGD) from the polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in optical fiber. The method includes a systematic correction to mean-square DGD measured with any conventional mean to minimize systematic error caused by finite source bandwidth. The method further includes a systematic correction to the measurement of mean DGD and mean square DGD from statistics of the second-order PMD (SOPMD) obtained with frequency domain PMD-measuring apparatus. The probability density function (PDF) of either the vector or scalar SOPMD is applied, depending on which quantity is measured. The systematic correction is made to minimize the systematic error in estimating mean DGD, caused by finite source bandwidth, to achieve a two-fold reduction of the measurement variance equivalent to doubling the source bandwidth.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种从光纤中的偏振模色散（PMD）提高平均差分群延迟（DGD）测量精度的方法。该方法包括用任何常规平均值测量的均方根DGD的系统校正，以最小化由有限源带宽引起的系统误差。该方法还包括对通过频域PMD测量装置获得的二阶PMD（SOPMD）的统计学对平均DGD和均方DGD的测量的系统校正。根据测量的数量，应用矢量或标量SOPMD的概率密度函数（PDF）。进行系统校正，以最小化由有限源带宽引起的估计平均DGD的系统误差，以实现相当于将源带宽加倍的测量方差的两倍降低。

2. 发明申请

US20050140965A1 Method for increasing accuracy of measurement of mean polarization mode dispersion 失效
标题翻译：提高平均偏振模色散测量精度的方法
公开(公告)号：US20050140965A1
公开(公告)日：2005-06-30
申请号：US10747804
申请日：2003-12-29
申请人： Mikhail Boroditsky , Mikhail Brodsky , Nicholas Frigo , Peter Magill
发明人： Mikhail Boroditsky , Mikhail Brodsky , Nicholas Frigo , Peter Magill
IPC分类号： G01M11/02 , G01M11/00 , H04B10/18 , G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01M11/336 , G01M11/331 , H04B10/2569
摘要： The present invention provides a method for increasing the accuracy of measurement of mean differential group delay (DGD) from the polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in optical fiber. The method includes a systematic correction to mean-square DGD measured with any conventional mean to minimize systematic error caused by finite source bandwidth. The method further includes a systematic correction to the measurement of mean DGD and mean square DGD from statistics of the second-order PMD (SOPMD) obtained with frequency domain PMD-measuring apparatus. The probability density function (PDF) of either the vector or scalar SOPMD is applied, depending on which quantity is measured. The systematic correction is made to minimize the systematic error in estimating mean DGD, caused by finite source bandwidth, to achieve a two-fold reduction of the measurement variance equivalent to doubling the source bandwidth.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种从光纤中的偏振模色散（PMD）提高平均差分群延迟（DGD）测量精度的方法。该方法包括用任何常规平均值测量的均方根DGD的系统校正，以最小化由有限源带宽引起的系统误差。该方法还包括对通过频域PMD测量装置获得的二阶PMD（SOPMD）的统计学对平均DGD和均方DGD的测量的系统校正。根据测量的数量，应用矢量或标量SOPMD的概率密度函数（PDF）。进行系统校正，以最小化由有限源带宽引起的估计平均DGD的系统误差，以实现相当于将源带宽加倍的测量方差的两倍降低。

3. 发明授权

US07546039B1 Systems, devices, and methods for controlling outage probabilities 有权
标题翻译：用于控制中断概率的系统，设备和方法
公开(公告)号：US07546039B1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-09
申请号：US11287922
申请日：2005-11-28
申请人： Mikhail Boroditsky , Mikhail Brodsky , Nicholas Frigo , Peter Magill
发明人： Mikhail Boroditsky , Mikhail Brodsky , Nicholas Frigo , Peter Magill
IPC分类号： H04B10/00 , G02B5/30 , G02B27/28
CPC分类号： G02B27/286
摘要： Certain exemplary embodiments comprise a method that can comprise, responsive to an instruction to change a setting of a polarization controller, automatically changing a first rotational speed of a birefringent plate associated with the polarization controller to orient the birefringent plate pseudo-randomly over time with respect to a predetermined axis.
摘要翻译：某些示例性实施例包括一种方法，其可以包括响应于改变偏振控制器的设置的指令，自动改变与偏振控制器相关联的双折射板的第一旋转速度，以使得双折射板随时间随意地随时间地定向，到预定轴。

4. 发明申请

US20050232640A1 Method and apparatus for measuring frequency-resolved states of polarization of a working optical channel using polarization-scrambled heterodyning 有权
标题翻译：使用偏振加扰外差测量工作光通道的频率分辨状态的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20050232640A1
公开(公告)日：2005-10-20
申请号：US10825529
申请日：2004-04-15
申请人： Mikhail Boroditsky , Mikhail Brodsky , Nicholas Frigo , Peter Magill
发明人： Mikhail Boroditsky , Mikhail Brodsky , Nicholas Frigo , Peter Magill
IPC分类号： H04B10/04 , H04B10/02 , H04B10/06 , H04B10/08 , H04B10/142 , H04B10/148 , H04B10/152 , H04B10/18 , H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/07951 , H04B10/2569 , H04B10/6151 , H04B10/64
摘要： An apparatus for measuring a set of frequency-resolved states of polarization (SOP) of an optical signal includes a local oscillator (LO), a polarization scrambler, a coupler for mixing the polarization-scrambled signal with the optical signal to produce a heterodyned signal with a radio frequency (RF) component, and an analyzer for passing a fixed polarization component and resolving the polarization and frequency from the RF component. The apparatus is used for measuring, monitoring or compensating the polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in a working channel of an optical telecommunication system. A method for measuring frequency-resolved SOP of an optical signal includes tuning and polarization-scrambling a local oscillator (LO), mixing the scrambled LO with the optical signal, and resolving the RF signal in frequency and polarization. The method is applied to measure and monitor PMD in a working optical channel, and to dynamically compensate for the PMD.
摘要翻译：用于测量光信号的一组频率分辨的偏振态（SOP）的装置包括本地振荡器（LO），偏振加扰器，用于将偏振加扰信号与光信号混合以产生外差信号的耦合器具有射频（RF）分量，以及分析器，用于通过固定的偏振分量并且从RF分量分辨出偏振和频率。该装置用于测量，监测或补偿光通信系统的工作信道中的偏振模色散（PMD）。用于测量光信号的频率分辨的SOP的方法包括对本地振荡器（LO）进行调谐和偏振加扰，将加扰的LO与光信号混合，以及分频频率和极化中的RF信号。该方法用于测量和监测工作光通道中的PMD，并动态补偿PMD。

5. 发明授权

US07587142B1 Method for estimating the polarization mode dispersion compliant capacity fraction of the total optical frequency transmission window of a transport system 有权
$Method for estimating the polarization mode dispersion compliant capacity fraction of the total optical frequency transmission window of a transport system$
标题翻译：用于估计传输系统的总光频率传输窗口的偏振模色散兼容容量分数的方法
公开(公告)号：US07587142B1
公开(公告)日：2009-09-08
申请号：US11321427
申请日：2005-12-29
申请人： Mikhail Brodsky , Mikhail Boroditsky , Nicholas Frigo , Peter David Magill
发明人： Mikhail Brodsky , Mikhail Boroditsky , Nicholas Frigo , Peter David Magill
IPC分类号： H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/07951
摘要： A method and system for estimating a fraction of an optical transmission system's transmission window that is compliant with the system's polarization mode dispersion (PMD) outage specifications, the optical transmission system including Ns optical fiber segments. The method comprises the steps of: propagating a plurality of optical signals through the Ns optical fiber segments; monitoring the differential group delay (DGD) for each optical signal over time; computing a time average and variance of the monitored DGD for each optical signal; computing statistics of the time averages and variances of the monitored DGD for each optical signal; determining the number of effective PMD sections and effective hinges in the system from the statistics; and determining the size of a PMD capacity compliant fraction for a specified outage probability.
摘要翻译：一种用于估计符合系统的偏振模色散（PMD）中断规格的光传输系统的传输窗口的分数的方法和系统，该光传输系统包括Ns个光纤段。该方法包括以下步骤：通过Ns个光纤段传播多个光信号; 监测每个光信号随时间的差分组延迟（DGD）; 计算每个光信号的监测DGD的时间平均值和方差; 计算每个光信号监测DGD的时间平均值和方差的统计; 从统计数据确定系统中有效PMD部分的数量和有效关系; 以及确定具有指定中断概率的PMD容量兼容部分的大小。

6. 发明授权

US07956993B2 Method for increasing accuracy of measurement of mean polarization mode dispersion 有权
标题翻译：提高平均偏振模色散测量精度的方法
公开(公告)号：US07956993B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-07
申请号：US12916820
申请日：2010-11-01
申请人： Mikhail Boroditsky , Mikhail Brodsky , Nicholas J. Frigo , Peter Magill
发明人： Mikhail Boroditsky , Mikhail Brodsky , Nicholas J. Frigo , Peter Magill
IPC分类号： G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01M11/336 , G01M11/331 , H04B10/2569
摘要： A method of determining a mean square differential group delay associated with a length of optical fiber. The method including measuring a polarization mode dispersion vector as a function of frequency, using a frequency-domain polarization mode dispersion measurement apparatus. The method also including calculating a second-order polarization mode dispersion vector as a function of frequency by calculating a derivative of the polarization mode dispersion vector with respect to frequency. Also, calculating the mean of the magnitude of the second-order polarization mode dispersion vector to obtain a first result. Further, multiplying a proportionality coefficient by the first result to calculate the mean square differential group delay.
摘要翻译：一种确定与光纤长度相关的均方根差分群延迟的方法。该方法包括使用频域偏振模色散测量装置测量作为频率的函数的偏振模色散矢量。该方法还包括通过计算相对于频率的偏振模色散矢量的导数来计算作为频率的函数的二阶偏振模色散矢量。此外，计算二阶偏振模色散矢量的幅度的平均值以获得第一结果。此外，将比例系数乘以第一结果以计算均方差差群延迟。

7. 发明授权

US07869716B1 Method and apparatus for broadband mitigation of polarization mode dispersion 有权
标题翻译：用于宽带减轻偏振模色散的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07869716B1
公开(公告)日：2011-01-11
申请号：US11218061
申请日：2005-08-31
申请人： Mikhail Boroditsky , Mikhail Brodsky , Nicholas J. Frigo , Peter Magill
发明人： Mikhail Boroditsky , Mikhail Brodsky , Nicholas J. Frigo , Peter Magill
IPC分类号： H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/2572
摘要： Described is a method and system for reducing system penalty from polarization mode dispersion. The method includes receiving a plurality of signals at a receiving end of a transmission line, each signal being received on one of a plurality of channels of the transmission line and measuring a signal degradation of at least one of the channels of the transmission line. An amount of adjustment of a polarization controller is determined based on the signal degradation, the amount of adjustment being selected to reduce the polarization mode dispersion. The amount of adjustment is then transmitted to the polarization controller.
摘要翻译：描述了一种用于减少偏振模色散的系统损失的方法和系统。该方法包括在传输线的接收端处接收多个信号，每个信号在传输线的多个信道中的一个信道上被接收并且测量传输线的至少一个信道的信号劣化。基于信号劣化来确定偏振控制器的调整量，选择调整量以减小偏振模色散。然后将调节量传输到偏振控制器。

8. 发明授权

US07773207B1 Estimating optical transmission system penalties induced by polarization mode dispersion (PMD) 有权
标题翻译：估计由偏振模色散（PMD）引起的光传输系统处罚
公开(公告)号：US07773207B1
公开(公告)日：2010-08-10
申请号：US12228990
申请日：2008-08-19
申请人： Mikhail Boroditsky , Mikhail Brodsky , Nicholas J. Frigo , Peter Magill
发明人： Mikhail Boroditsky , Mikhail Brodsky , Nicholas J. Frigo , Peter Magill
IPC分类号： G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01M11/336 , G02B6/278 , H04B10/07951 , H04B10/2569
摘要： Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) induced system penalty ε is determined from optical characteristics of an optical wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) signal that is carried on a network. The method involves tapping the optical WDM signal, separating an optical channel from the tapped optical WDM signal, performing a frequency-resolved state of polarization (SOP) measurement on the channel, and computing the PMD-induced system penalty as ε=AL2+BL4, in which A and B are predetermined parameters and L is an SOP string length based on the SOP measurement.
摘要翻译：极化模式分散（PMD）诱导系统损失由在网络上携带的光波分复用（WDM）信号的光学特性确定。该方法包括点击光WDM信号，将光信道与抽头光WDM信号分离，在信道上执行频率分辨的极化状态（SOP）测量，并计算PMD诱导的系统损失为＆= = AL2 + BL4，其中A和B是预定参数，L是基于SOP测量的SOP串长度。

9. 发明授权

US07414711B1 Estimating optical transmission system penalties induced by polarization mode dispersion (PMD) 失效
标题翻译：估计由偏振模色散（PMD）引起的光传输系统处罚
公开(公告)号：US07414711B1
公开(公告)日：2008-08-19
申请号：US11827764
申请日：2007-07-13
申请人： Mikhail Boroditsky , Mikhail Brodsky , Nicholas J. Frigo , Peter Magill
发明人： Mikhail Boroditsky , Mikhail Brodsky , Nicholas J. Frigo , Peter Magill
IPC分类号： G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01M11/336 , G02B6/278 , H04B10/07951 , H04B10/2569
摘要： Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) induced system penalty ε is determined from optical characteristics of an optical wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) signal that is carried on a network. The method involves tapping the optical WDM signal, separating an optical channel from the tapped optical WDM signal, performing a frequency-resolved state of polarization (SOP) measurement on the channel, and computing the PMD-induced system penalty as ε=AL2+BL4, in which A and B are predetermined parameters and L is an SOP string length based on the SOP measurement.
摘要翻译：由网络上承载的光波分复用（WDM）信号的光学特性确定极化模式色散（PMD）诱导系统损耗ε。该方法包括点击光学WDM信号，将光信道与抽头光WDM信号分离，在信道上执行频率分辨的偏振态（SOP）测量，并计算PMD诱导的系统损耗为ε= AL

10. 发明授权

US07292322B2 Method for increasing accuracy of measurement of mean polarization mode dispersion 失效
标题翻译：提高平均偏振模色散测量精度的方法
公开(公告)号：US07292322B2
公开(公告)日：2007-11-06
申请号：US10747804
申请日：2003-12-29
申请人： Mikhail Boroditsky , Mikhail Brodsky , Nicholas J. Frigo , Peter Magill
发明人： Mikhail Boroditsky , Mikhail Brodsky , Nicholas J. Frigo , Peter Magill
IPC分类号： G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01M11/336 , G01M11/331 , H04B10/2569
摘要： The present invention provides a method for increasing the accuracy of measurement of mean differential group delay (DGD) from the polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in optical fiber. The method includes a systematic correction to mean-square DGD measured with any conventional mean to minimize systematic error caused by finite source bandwidth. The method further includes a systematic correction to the measurement of mean DGD and mean square DGD from statistics of the second-order PMD (SOPMD) obtained with frequency domain PMD-measuring apparatus. The probability density function (PDF) of either the vector or scalar SOPMD is applied, depending on which quantity is measured. The systematic correction is made to minimize the systematic error in estimating mean DGD, caused by finite source bandwidth, to achieve a two-fold reduction of the measurement variance equivalent to doubling the source bandwidth.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种从光纤中的偏振模色散（PMD）提高平均差分群延迟（DGD）测量精度的方法。该方法包括用任何常规平均值测量的均方根DGD的系统校正，以最小化由有限源带宽引起的系统误差。该方法还包括对通过频域PMD测量装置获得的二阶PMD（SOPMD）的统计学对平均DGD和均方DGD的测量的系统校正。根据测量的数量，应用矢量或标量SOPMD的概率密度函数（PDF）。进行系统校正，以最小化由有限源带宽引起的估计平均DGD的系统误差，以实现相当于将源带宽加倍的测量方差的两倍降低。

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