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1. 发明授权

US5733437A Method for detecting small molecules in aqueous liquids 失效
标题翻译：检测含水液体中小分子的方法
公开(公告)号：US5733437A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-31
申请号：US665609
申请日：1996-06-18
申请人： Mark D. Baker , Chandana Senaratne
发明人： Mark D. Baker , Chandana Senaratne
IPC分类号： G01N27/49 , G01N33/18 , G01N27/26
CPC分类号： G01N27/49 , G01N33/1826
摘要： A method for detecting organic molecules such as benzene, xylene, ethylbenzene and toluene present in trace quantities in aqueous solutions is provided. The method uses a zeolite having a multiple cage structure, specifically cages of two different volumes. The zeolite is chosen so that the organic molecules are able to access the zeolite on the basis of size. The small cages contain electroactive ions therein and the larger cages contain electroinactive counter cations therein. An aqueous liquid sample to be tested for small molecules is flowed into contact with the zeolite whereby at least some of the electroactive ions in the small cages are released into the aqueous liquid sample by small molecules entering the larger cages and coupling with the electroactive ions in the smaller cages and exiting the zeolite. Thereafter the liquid sample is flowed into contact with an electrode downstream of the zeolite and a potential is applied to the electrode with respect to a counter-electrode effective to cause an electrochemical reaction of the electroactive ions.
摘要翻译：提供了一种在水溶液中检测微量的有机分子如苯，二甲苯，乙苯和甲苯的方法。该方法使用具有多笼结构的沸石，特别是两种不同体积的笼。选择沸石使得有机分子能够在大小的基础上进入沸石。小笼子中含有电活性离子，较大的笼子中含有电活性抗衡阳离子。要测试小分子的水性液体样品流入与沸石接触，由此通过进入较大笼子的小分子和与电活性离子偶联将小笼中的至少一些电活性离子释放到水性液体样品中较小的笼子并离开沸石。此后，液体样品流动与沸石下游的电极接触，并且相对于有效引起电活性离子的电化学反应的对电极将电位施加到电极。

2. 发明授权

US5730857A Method for detecting ions and small molecules in aqueous and non-aqueous liquids 失效
标题翻译：检测水和非水液体中离子和小分子的方法
公开(公告)号：US5730857A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-24
申请号：US255734
申请日：1994-06-07
申请人： Mark D. Baker , Chandana Senaratne
发明人： Mark D. Baker , Chandana Senaratne
IPC分类号： G01N27/49 , G01N33/18 , G01N27/26
CPC分类号： G01N33/1826 , G01N27/49
摘要： Provided is a method and apparatus for detecting electroinactive ions, and electroinactive ions solvated by small molecules including water. The method and apparatus utilizes a microporous ion exchange material such as a zeolite containing initially an electroactive species contained within the pores. The method operates on the principle that when charged species present in solution can access the pores of the microporous material, an ion-exchange reaction will occur whereupon the electroactive species will exit the microporous material, being replaced by the charged species. The electroactive species, upon exiting the microporous material, undergoes electrochemical reduction or oxidation at an electrode having a sufficiently high potential applied thereto. The method and detector disclosed herein is size selective since for example zeolites with a pore size comparable to that of the solvated ion to be detected but smaller than other electrolyte components can be utilized. In addition to being used as an ion detector per se, the detector may be used for detecting trace amounts (sub parts per million) of water in non-aqueous media by using the fact that hydrated cation species can readily access the zeolite interior via the pore network thus expelling an electroactive ion into solution. In contrast, the same cation when solvated by organic molecules will be size excluded from the zeolite. The detector can be utilized for the detection of other small molecules using the same principle provided that they form a solvated complexes with electrolyte cations which are not size excluded from the zeolite.
摘要翻译：提供了一种检测电活性离子的方法和装置，以及由包括水在内的小分子溶剂化的电活性离子。该方法和装置利用微孔离子交换材料，例如最初含有孔内的电活性物质的沸石。该方法的工作原理是当溶液中存在的带电物质可以进入微孔材料的孔时，将发生离子交换反应，随后电活性物质将离开微孔材料，被带电物质代替。电活性物质在离开微孔材料后，在施加足够高电位的电极上进行电化学还原或氧化。本文公开的方法和检测器是尺寸选择性的，因为例如可以利用具有与被检测的溶剂化离子的孔径相当但小于其它电解质成分的孔的沸石。除了用作离子检测器本身之外，检测器可以用于通过使用水合阳离子物质可以容易地通过沸石内部的方式进入沸石内部的事实来检测非水介质中的痕量（百万分之一百分数）的水从而将电活性离子排出到溶液中。相反，当由有机分子溶剂化时，相同的阳离子将从沸石中排除。检测器可以用于使用相同原理检测其他小分子，条件是它们与电解质阳离子形成溶剂化络合物，其电解质阳离子不排除沸石。

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