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1. 发明授权

US06514635B2 Procedure for shutting down a fuel cell system having an anode exhaust recycle loop 有权
公开(公告)号：US06514635B2
公开(公告)日：2003-02-04
申请号：US09770042
申请日：2001-01-25
申请人： Leslie L. Van Dine , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Carl A. Reiser , Glenn W. Scheffler
发明人： Leslie L. Van Dine , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Carl A. Reiser , Glenn W. Scheffler
IPC分类号： H01M800
CPC分类号： H01M8/04447 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04303 , H01M8/04455 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04798 , H01M8/0662 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2457
摘要： A procedure for shutting down an operating fuel cell system that recirculates a portion of the anode exhaust in a recycle loop, includes disconnecting the primary load from the external circuit, stopping the flow of air to the cathode, and applying an auxiliary resistive load across the cells to reduce and/or limit cell voltage and reduce the cathode potential while fuel is still flowing to the anode and the anode exhaust is recirculating. The fuel flow is then stopped, but the anode exhaust continues to be circulated in the recycle loop to bring the hydrogen therein into contact with a catalyst in the presence of oxygen to convert the hydrogen to water, such as in a catalytic burner. The recirculating is continued until substantially all the hydrogen is removed. The cell may then be completely shut down. No inert gas purge is required as part of the shut-down process.

2. 发明授权

US07250229B2 Procedure for starting up a fuel cell system having an anode exhaust recycle loop 有权
标题翻译：启动具有阳极排气循环回路的燃料电池系统的步骤
公开(公告)号：US07250229B2
公开(公告)日：2007-07-31
申请号：US11231285
申请日：2005-09-20
申请人： Deliang Yang , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Richard D. Sawyer , Leslie L. Van Dine , Carl A. Reiser
发明人： Deliang Yang , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Richard D. Sawyer , Leslie L. Van Dine , Carl A. Reiser
IPC分类号： H01M8/06
CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/04007 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04238 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2457 , H01M16/003
摘要： A procedure for starting up a fuel cell system that is disconnected from its primary load and that has air in both its cathode and anode flow fields includes a) connecting an auxiliary resistive load across the cell to reduce the cell voltage; b) initiating a recirculation of the anode flow field exhaust through a recycle loop and providing a limited flow of hydrogen fuel into that recirculating exhaust; c) catalytically reacting the added fuel with oxygen present in the recirculating gases until substantially no oxygen remains within the recycle loop; disconnecting the auxiliary load; and then d) providing normal operating flow rates of fuel and air into respective anode and cathode flow fields and connecting the primary load across the cell. The catalytic reaction may take place on the anode or within a catalytic burner disposed within the recycle loop. The procedure allows start-up of the fuel cell system without the use of an inert gas purge while minimizing dissolution of the catalyst and corrosion of the catalyst support during the start-up process.
摘要翻译：用于启动与其主负载断开且在其阴极和阳极流场中具有空气的燃料电池系统的过程包括：a）在电池之间连接辅助电阻负载以降低电池电压; b）启动阳极流场排气通过循环回路的再循环，并向该再循环排气提供有限的氢气燃料流; c）使添加的燃料与存在于再循环气体中的氧直接催化反应，直到基本上没有氧气残留在循环回路内; 断开辅助负载; 然后d）将燃料和空气的正常操作流量提供到相应的阳极和阴极流场中，并将主负载连接在电池上。催化反应可以在阳极上或在设置在循环回路内的催化燃烧器中进行。该程序允许在不使用惰性气体吹扫的情况下启动燃料电池系统，同时最小化催化剂的溶解和在启动过程中催化剂载体的腐蚀。

3. 发明授权

US07875397B2 Permeable inlet fuel gas distributor for fuel cells 有权
标题翻译：用于燃料电池的可渗透入口燃料气体分配器
公开(公告)号：US07875397B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-25
申请号：US10736945
申请日：2003-12-15
申请人： James R. Geschwindt , Robin J. Guthrie , George S. Hirko, Jr. , Jeremy P. Meyers , Carl A. Reiser , Javier Resto , Yu Wang , John H. Whiton , Leslie L. Van Dine , Elizabeth A. Allen , Deliang Yang
发明人： James R. Geschwindt , Robin J. Guthrie , George S. Hirko, Jr. , Jeremy P. Meyers , Carl A. Reiser , Javier Resto , Yu Wang , John H. Whiton , Leslie L. Van Dine , Elizabeth A. Allen , Deliang Yang
IPC分类号： H01M8/06 , H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04231 , H01M8/0247 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2465 , H01M8/2483 , H01M8/2484
摘要： An inlet fuel distributor (10-10d) has a permeable baffle (39, 54, 54a, 60) between a fuel supply pipe (11, 83) and a fuel inlet manifold (12, 53, 53a, 63) causing fuel to be uniformly distributed along the length of the fuel inlet manifold. A surface (53, 68) may cause impinging fuel to turn and flow substantially omnidirectionally improving its uniformity. Recycle fuel may be provided (25, 71) into the flow downstream of the fuel inlet distributor. During startup, fuel or inert gas within the inlet fuel distributor and the fuel inlet manifold may be vented through an exhaust valve (57, 86) in response to a controller (58, 79) so as to present a uniform fuel front to the inlets of the fuel flow fields (58).
摘要翻译：入口燃料分配器（10-10d）在燃料供应管（11,83）和燃料入口歧管（12,53,53a，63）之间具有导致燃料的可渗透挡板（39,54,54a，60）沿着燃料入口歧管的长度均匀分布。表面（53,68）可以使撞击的燃料转动并基本上全向流动地改善其均匀性。可以向燃料入口分配器下游的流中提供循环燃料（25,71）。在启动期间，入口燃料分配器和燃料入口歧管内的燃料或惰性气体可以响应于控制器（58,79）而通过排气阀（57,86）排出，以便向入口提供均匀的燃料前端的燃料流场（58）。

4. 发明授权

US06723461B2 Water management system for fuel cell 有权
标题翻译：燃料电池水管理系统
公开(公告)号：US06723461B2
公开(公告)日：2004-04-20
申请号：US10071626
申请日：2002-02-08
申请人： Michael E. Gorman , Donald L. Maricle , Carl A. Reiser , John C. Trocciola , Leslie L. Van Dine
发明人： Michael E. Gorman , Donald L. Maricle , Carl A. Reiser , John C. Trocciola , Leslie L. Van Dine
IPC分类号： H01M812
CPC分类号： H01M8/04067 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04291
摘要： An improved water management system for PEM fuel cells is provided. Catalyst layers are disposed on both sides of a proton exchange membrane. Porous plates are positioned adjacent the catalyst layers. Water transport plates are positioned adjacent the porous plates and the reactant gas are humidified at their inlets, in one embodiment by fins, while moisture is removed in the fuel flow path and at the oxidant outlet, in one embodiment by other fins.
摘要翻译：提供了一种改进的PEM燃料电池水管理系统。催化剂层设置在质子交换膜的两侧。多孔板位于催化剂层附近。水输送板位于多孔板附近，并且在一个实施例中，反应气体在其入口处被加湿，在一个实施例中通过翅片加湿，同时在一个实施例中，在其它翅片中，在燃料流动路径和氧化剂出口处除去水分。

5. 发明授权

US07258945B2 Fuel cell having a hydrophilic substrate layer 有权
标题翻译：具有亲水基底层的燃料电池
公开(公告)号：US07258945B2
公开(公告)日：2007-08-21
申请号：US10722946
申请日：2003-11-26
申请人： Timothy A. Bekkedahl , Lawrence J. Bregoli , Ned E. Cipollini , Timothy W. Patterson , Marianne Pemberton , Jonathan Puhalski , Carl A. Reiser , Richard D. Sawyer , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Jung S. Yi
发明人： Timothy A. Bekkedahl , Lawrence J. Bregoli , Ned E. Cipollini , Timothy W. Patterson , Marianne Pemberton , Jonathan Puhalski , Carl A. Reiser , Richard D. Sawyer , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Jung S. Yi
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 , H01M8/0243 , H01M8/0245 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/0271 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04156 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/1007 , H01M2008/1095 , H01M2250/10 , Y02B90/14
摘要： A fuel cell power plant includes a fuel cell having a membrane electrode assembly (MEA), disposed between an anode support plate and a cathode support plate, the anode and/or cathode support plates include a hydrophilic substrate layer having a predetermined pore size. The pressure of the reactant gas streams is greater than the pressure of the coolant stream, such that a greater percentage of the pores within the hydrophilic substrate layer contain reactant gas rather than water. Any water that forms on the cathode side of the MEA will migrate through the cathode support plate and away from the MEA. Controlling the pressure also ensures that the coolant water will continually migrate from the coolant stream toward the anode side of the MEA, thereby preventing the membrane from becoming dry. Proper pore size and a pressure differential between coolant and reactants improves the electrical efficiency of the fuel cell.
摘要翻译：燃料电池发电厂包括具有设置在阳极支撑板和阴极支撑板之间的膜电极组件（MEA）的燃料电池，阳极和/或阴极支撑板包括具有预定孔径的亲水基底层。反应物气体流的压力大于冷却剂流的压力，使得亲水基底层内的较大百分比的孔含有反应物气体而不是水。在MEA的阴极侧形成的任何水将通过阴极支撑板迁移并远离MEA。控制压力还可确保冷却水从冷却剂流向MEA的阳极侧连续迁移，从而防止膜变干。冷却剂和反应物之间适当的孔径和压力差提高了燃料电池的电效率。

6. 发明申请

US20110039178A1 Fuel cell having a hydrophilic substrate layer 审中-公开
标题翻译：具有亲水基底层的燃料电池
公开(公告)号：US20110039178A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-17
申请号：US12925217
申请日：2010-10-14
申请人： Timothy A. Bekkedahl , Lawrence J. Bregoli , Ned E. Cipollini , Timothy W. Patterson , Marianne Pemberton , Jonathan Puhalski , Carl A. Reiser , Richard D. Sawyer , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Jung S. Yi
发明人： Timothy A. Bekkedahl , Lawrence J. Bregoli , Ned E. Cipollini , Timothy W. Patterson , Marianne Pemberton , Jonathan Puhalski , Carl A. Reiser , Richard D. Sawyer , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Jung S. Yi
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 , H01M8/0243 , H01M8/0245 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/0271 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04156 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/1007 , H01M2008/1095 , H01M2250/10 , Y02B90/14
摘要： A fuel cell power plant (10) includes a fuel cell (12) having a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) (16), disposed between an anode support plate (14) and a cathode support plate (18), the anode and/or cathode support plates include a hydrophilic substrate layer (80, 82) having a predetermined pore size. The pressure of the reactant gas streams (22, 24) is greater than the pressure of the coolant stream (26), such that a greater percentage of the pores within the hydrophilic substrate layer contain reactant gas rather than water. Any water that forms on the cathode side of the MEA will migrate through the cathode support plate and away from the MEA. Controlling the pressure also ensures that the coolant water will continually migrate from the coolant stream toward the anode side of the MEA, thereby preventing the membrane from becoming dry. Proper pore size and a pressure differential between coolant and reactants improves the electrical efficiency of the fuel cell.
摘要翻译：燃料电池发电厂（10）包括具有设置在阳极支撑板（14）和阴极支撑板（18）之间的膜电极组件（MEA）（16））的燃料电池（12），阳极和/或阴极支撑板包括具有预定孔径的亲水基底层（80,82）。反应物气体流（22,24）的压力大于冷却剂流（26）的压力，使得亲水基底层内的较大百分比的孔含有反应物气体而不是水。在MEA的阴极侧形成的任何水将通过阴极支撑板迁移并远离MEA。控制压力还可确保冷却水从冷却剂流向MEA的阳极侧连续迁移，从而防止膜变干。冷却剂和反应物之间适当的孔径和压力差提高了燃料电池的电效率。

7. 发明授权

US09917314B2 Mitigating electrode erosion in high temperature PEM fuel cell 有权
公开(公告)号：US09917314B2
公开(公告)日：2018-03-13
申请号：US13261129
申请日：2009-08-28
申请人： Robert M. Darling , Paravastu Badrinarayanan , Carl A. Reiser
发明人： Robert M. Darling , Paravastu Badrinarayanan , Carl A. Reiser
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M8/0432 , H01M8/04537 , H01M8/04746 , H01M8/04858 , H01M8/1018
CPC分类号： H01M8/0432 , H01M8/04559 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/0488 , H01M8/0491 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： A method of operating a fuel cell power plant (10) including a stack (11) of fuel cells having an anode catalyst layer and a cathode electrode (15) including a catalyst layer disposed on catalyst support material is characterized by, during normal operation of said power plant, adjusting the voltage of the stack to be substantially equal to or less than a predetermined maximum voltage for the temperature of the stack. Further, said step of adjusting comprises adjusting the stack voltage to the lesser of: a) a predetermined voltage above which corrosion of catalyst support material is significant and below which corrosion of catalyst support material is insignificant at the temperature of the stack; and b) a predetermined voltage above which dissolution of catalyst is significant and below which dissolution of the catalyst is insignificant at the temperature of the stack.

8. 发明授权

US07871732B2 Single reactant gas flow field plate PEM fuel cell 有权
标题翻译：单反应气体流场板PEM燃料电池
公开(公告)号：US07871732B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-18
申请号：US11988700
申请日：2005-07-15
申请人： Carl A. Reiser , Ryan J. Balliet
发明人： Carl A. Reiser , Ryan J. Balliet
IPC分类号： H01M8/24 , H01M2/38
CPC分类号： H01M8/04171 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/026 , H01M8/04164 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2484 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： A fuel cell stack (32) includes a plurality of fuel cells in which each fuel cell is formed between a pair of conductive, porous, substantially hydrophilic plates (17) having oxidant reactant gas flow field channels (12-15) on a first surface and fuel reactant gas flow field channels (19, 19a) on a second surface opposite to the first surface, each ˜f the plates being separated from a plate adjacent thereto by a unitized electrode assembly (20) including a cathode electrode (22), having a gas diffusion layer (GDL) an anode electrode (23) having a GDL with catalyst between each GDL and a membrane (21) disposed therebetween. Above the stack is a condenser (33} having tubes (34) that receive coolant air (39, 40} to condense water vapor out of oxidant exhaust in a chamber (43). Inter-cell wicking strips (26) receive condensate and conduct it along the length of the stack to all cells. In-cell wicking strips (1G, 1 ˜a) on one or both surfaces conduct the water from the inter-cell wicking strips downwardly along the entire planform of each cell. Reactant air is provided to an air inlet manifold (47) through an air inlet conduit (48) from an air pump (49).
摘要翻译：燃料电池堆（32）包括多个燃料电池，其中每个燃料电池形成在一对导电的，多孔的，基本上亲水的板（17）之间，该板在第一表面上具有氧化剂反应物气体流场通道（12-15）以及在与第一表面相对的第二表面上的燃料反应物气体流场通道（19,19a），每个板通过包括阴极电极（22）的组合电极组件（20）与与其相邻的板分离，具有气体扩散层（GDL），在每个GDL和设置在其间的膜（21）之间具有GDL的具有催化剂的阳极电极（23）。在堆叠之上是具有管（34）的冷凝器（33），其具有接收冷却剂空气（39,40）以将水蒸汽冷凝在室（43）中的氧化剂排气中。细胞间芯吸条（26）接收冷凝物和导管在一个或两个表面上的细胞内吸液条（1G，1〜a）沿着每个电池的整个平面向下引导细胞内芯吸条带的水，反应物空气为通过来自空气泵（49）的空气入口导管（48）提供给进气歧管（47）。

9. 发明授权

US07771663B2 Catalytic combustors keeping contained medium warm in response to hydrostatic valve 有权
标题翻译：催化燃烧器保持含有介质温度响应静液阀
公开(公告)号：US07771663B2
公开(公告)日：2010-08-10
申请号：US11794599
申请日：2005-10-31
申请人： Carl A. Reiser , Kazuo Saito , James Cameron , Gennady Resnick
发明人： Carl A. Reiser , Kazuo Saito , James Cameron , Gennady Resnick
IPC分类号： F01N3/20 , H01M8/04
CPC分类号： F23C13/00 , F23C13/08 , F23C2900/9901 , F23D14/22 , F23D14/32 , F23N2025/18 , F23N2037/12 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04126 , H01M8/2475
摘要： Water in a fuel cell accumulator is kept above freezing by a hydrogen/oxygen catalytic combustor fed hydrogen through a mechanical thermostatic valve in thermal communication with the container and connected to a hydrogen supply. The system includes an ejector hydrogen/oxygen combustor and a diffusion hydrogen/oxygen combustor for warming a medium within a container such as water in the accumulator of a fuel cell in response to a mechanic hydrostatic valve which conducts hydrogen to a combustor responsive to the temperature of the container.
摘要翻译：通过与容器热连通并连接到氢气供应的机械恒温阀将氢气供给氢气/氧气催化燃烧器将燃料电池蓄能器中的水保持在高于冰点。该系统包括喷射器氢气/氧气燃烧器和扩散氢/氧气燃烧器，用于响应于机械静液压阀而对燃料电池的蓄能器内的容器（例如水）中的介质进行加热，所述机械静液阀根据温度将氢气传导到燃烧器的容器。

10. 发明申请

US20090280036A1 Catalytic combustors keeping contained medium warm in response to hydrostatic valve 有权
标题翻译：催化燃烧器保持含有介质温度响应静液阀
公开(公告)号：US20090280036A1
公开(公告)日：2009-11-12
申请号：US11794599
申请日：2005-10-31
申请人： Carl A. Reiser , Kazuo Saito , James Cameron , Gennady Resnick
发明人： Carl A. Reiser , Kazuo Saito , James Cameron , Gennady Resnick
IPC分类号： B01J19/00
CPC分类号： F23C13/00 , F23C13/08 , F23C2900/9901 , F23D14/22 , F23D14/32 , F23N2025/18 , F23N2037/12 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04126 , H01M8/2475
摘要： Water (9) in a fuel cell accumulator (10) is kept above freezing by a hydrogen/oxygen catalytic combustor (13) fed hydrogen through a mechanical thermostatic valve (25) in thermal communication (26) with the container (10) or the air nearby, and connected to hydrogen (28), optionally in series with a timer valve (183). The combustor may comprise an ejector (32) having hydrogen through its primary inlet (31) drawing air through a secondary inlet (33), or a diffusion combustor having a catalyst (38), including TEFLON® to permit water generated by combustion to flow by gravity out of the catalyst, spaced from a heating surface (30), and a diffusion control device (40); low partial pressure of oxygen at the catalyst causing diffusion through the device. Combustion vapor condenses on a surface (146) and is led by hydrophilic woven carbon paper (126) and wicking material (133) downwardly, through a disk (140) and plugs (147) either to ambient to a salt canister (190), or to a porous hydrophilic mixer (200) for mixture with antifreeze (206).
摘要翻译：燃料电池蓄能器（10）中的水（9）通过氢气/氧气催化燃烧器（13）保持高于通过与容器（10）热交换的机械恒温阀（25）或氢气空气附近，并连接到氢（28），任选地与定时阀（183）串联。燃烧器可以包括具有通过其主入口（31）的氢气的喷射器（32），其通过次级入口（33）抽吸空气，或者具有催化剂（38）的扩散燃烧器，包括TEFLON以允许由燃烧产生的水通过重力流出催化剂，与加热表面（30）间隔开;以及扩散控制装置（40）; 在催化剂下氧的低分压导致通过该装置的扩散。燃烧蒸气在表面（146）上冷凝，并且由亲水性编织碳纸（126）和芯吸材料（133）向下引导通过盘（140）和塞子（147）到环境到盐罐（190），或与用于与防冻剂（206）混合的多孔亲水混合器（200）。

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