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1. 发明授权

US07454448B1 Synchronizing object promotion in a multi-tasking virtual machine with generational garbage collection 有权
标题翻译：将多任务虚拟机中的对象升级与生成垃圾回收同步
公开(公告)号：US07454448B1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-18
申请号：US11105830
申请日：2005-04-14
申请人： Laurent P. Daynes , Andrew McClure , Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
发明人： Laurent P. Daynes , Andrew McClure , Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F12/0276 , G06F12/0269 , G06F2212/1016 , G06F2212/1048 , Y10S707/99957
摘要： A method for managing memory in a multi-tasking virtual machine, involving suspending a first task for garbage collection of a plurality of concurrently executing tasks, promoting at least one object associated with the first task to a old generation using a gap buffer to obtain a promoted object, wherein the gap buffer stores a gap created by objects directly allocated by at least one of the plurality of concurrently executing tasks, locating the promoted object using the gap buffer, traversing the promoted object to determine whether a first referenced object exist, and promoting the first referenced object using the gap buffer, if the first referenced object exists.
摘要翻译：一种用于管理多任务虚拟机中的存储器的方法，包括暂停用于多个并发执行任务的垃圾收集的第一任务，使用间隙缓冲器将与第一任务相关联的至少一个对象推广到旧一代以获得所述间隙缓冲器存储由所述多个并行执行任务中的至少一个直接分配的对象创建的间隙，使用所述间隙缓冲器定位所述被提升对象，遍历所述提升对象以确定是否存在第一被引用对象;以及如果存在第一个引用的对象，则使用间隙缓冲区来促进第一个引用的对象。

2. 发明授权

US07216352B2 Method of reducing interference among applications co-located in a process when using dynamic libraries 有权
标题翻译：减少使用动态库时处理过程中应用程序间干扰的方法
公开(公告)号：US07216352B2
公开(公告)日：2007-05-08
申请号：US10318747
申请日：2002-12-12
申请人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski , Laurent P. Daynes , Rodrick Ison Evans
发明人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski , Laurent P. Daynes , Rodrick Ison Evans
IPC分类号： G06F13/00
CPC分类号： G06F9/44521 , G06F9/44552 , G06F9/45504
摘要： A method of reducing interference among applications co-located in a process when using dynamic libraries is disclosed. For each dynamic library, multiple instances of the dynamic library are loaded in the same operating system process (or process), whereas each instance of the dynamic library corresponds to one of the multiple applications co-located in the same process. In particular, the text segments (or read-only segments) of the instances of the dynamic library are mapped to the same physical memory pages, leading to a low memory footprint. Moreover, within the process, a co-located application's access to a dynamic library is directed to the instance (of the dynamic library) associated with the accessing application, reducing interference among applications co-located in the same process.
摘要翻译：公开了一种在使用动态库时减少与处理过程中的应用程序之间的干扰的方法。对于每个动态库，动态库的多个实例都将加载到相同的操作系统进程（或进程）中，而动态库的每个实例对应于同一进程中共享的多个应用程序之一。特别地，动态库的实例的文本段（或只读段）被映射到相同的物理存储器页，导致低的内存占用。此外，在该过程中，共同定位的应用程序对动态库的访问被定向到与访问应用相关联的实例（动态库），减少了处于同一进程中的应用程序之间的干扰。

3. 发明授权

US06876996B2 Method and apparatus for using a shared library mechanism to facilitate sharing of metadata 有权
标题翻译：使用共享库机制促进元数据共享的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06876996B2
公开(公告)日：2005-04-05
申请号：US10102318
申请日：2002-03-19
申请人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski , Laurent P. Daynes
发明人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski , Laurent P. Daynes
IPC分类号： G06F7/00 , G06F9/44 , G06F9/445 , G06F15/167 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F9/44521 , G06F9/45504 , Y10S707/955 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99942
摘要： One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that uses a shared library to facilitate sharing objects containing metadata. During operation, the system receives identifiers for a set of objects to be included in the shared library. Next, the system generates a shared library containing the set of objects. In doing so, the system configures a symbol table within the shared library to include an identifier for each object. The system then installs the shared library in a file system, and configures the file system so that the shared library file can be accessed through a set of symbolic names, wherein each object is associated with a different symbolic name. This allows each object in the shared library to be referenced through its own symbolic name. Note that the present invention uses the shared library mechanism in a manner which differs from its typical use (sharing compiled, executable code). In order to avoid generating a shared library for each metadata object, the present invention places many such items together in one shared library. The names of these metadata objects are subsequently used as symbolic names of the file containing the shared library.
摘要翻译：本发明的一个实施例提供一种使用共享库来促进共享包含元数据的对象的系统。在操作期间，系统接收要包含在共享库中的一组对象的标识符。接下来，系统生成包含该对对象的共享库。在这样做时，系统将共享库中的符号表配置为包含每个对象的标识符。然后，系统将共享库安装在文件系统中，并配置文件系统，以便可以通过一组符号名称访问共享库文件，其中每个对象与不同的符号名称相关联。这允许通过其自己的符号名称引用共享库中的每个对象。注意，本发明以与其典型使用（共享编译的可执行代码）不同的方式使用共享库机制。为了避免为每个元数据对象生成共享库，本发明将许多这样的项目放在一个共享库中。随后将这些元数据对象的名称用作包含共享库的文件的符号名称。

4. 发明授权

US07234076B2 Multi-level undo of main-memory and volatile resources 有权
标题翻译：主内存和易失资源的多级撤销
公开(公告)号：US07234076B2
公开(公告)日：2007-06-19
申请号：US10366851
申请日：2003-02-14
申请人： Laurent P. Daynes , Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
发明人： Laurent P. Daynes , Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
IPC分类号： G06F11/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/30607
摘要： System resources (e.g., objects or other resources) are managed to provide multiple levels of undo and/or support for delegation of updates on main-memory resident objects accessible by concurrent transactions. For example, a log associated with each transaction stores information regarding an update to an object when the object is locked in an update mode (e.g., a write mode) by the transaction. The transaction can be rolled back by restoring information from the log of the transaction to the object. If the transaction commits, then the log may be destroyed. If the transaction delegates to another transaction, the log of the transaction is also delegated. A record codelet can be automatically generated to perform the storing of information in the log, and a restore codelet can be automatically generated to undo updates by restoring information from the log to the updated objects. The codelets may be specific to each class of objects. Lock state information is used to identify undo information age so that the undo information may be stored in the log without regard to order, thereby enhancing the speed of the recording process.
摘要翻译：管理系统资源（例如，对象或其他资源）以提供多级别的撤销和/或支持，用于委托可由并发事务访问的主内存驻留对象上的更新。例如，与每个事务相关联的日志存储关于当对象被交易锁定在更新模式（例如，写入模式）时对象的更新的信息。可以通过将事务日志中的信息恢复到对象来回滚事务。如果事务提交，那么日志可能会被破坏。如果事务委托给另一个事务，则还会委托该事务的日志。可以自动生成记录的代码，以便在日志中执行信息的存储，还可以通过将信息从日志还原到更新的对象，自动生成还原代码。这些代码可能是每类对象特有的。锁定状态信息用于识别撤消信息时代，使得undo信息可以不考虑顺序存储在日志中，从而提高记录过程的速度。

5. 发明授权

US07003768B2 Method and apparatus for class intialization barriers and access to class variables in multitasking virtual machines 有权
公开(公告)号：US07003768B2
公开(公告)日：2006-02-21
申请号：US09975145
申请日：2001-10-09
申请人： Laurent P. Daynes , Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
发明人： Laurent P. Daynes , Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
IPC分类号： G06F9/455 , G06F9/46
CPC分类号： G06F9/45516 , G06F9/445
摘要： One embodiment of the present invention provides a system for efficient class initialization barrier and access to class information private to a task that enables sharing between multiple tasks/virtual machines of both interpreted platform-independent code and the equivalent native code produced at runtime, wherein a class initialization barrier guarantees that a task initializes a class before the class is first used by the program executed by the task. The system operates by associating the shared runtime representation of classes with tables of pointers to task class mirror objects that hold the task private representation of a class. Entries of task class mirror tables are used both as a mean to encode the initialization status of the associated class for a plurality of tasks, and to provide access to the task private representation of a class loaded by a task irrespectively of the initialization state of the class for this task.

6. 发明授权

US06799173B2 Method and apparatus for sharing code containing references to non-shared objects 有权
标题翻译：用于共享包含对非共享对象引用的代码的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06799173B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-28
申请号：US10102322
申请日：2002-03-19
申请人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski , Laurent P. Daynes , Nathaniel J. Nystrom
发明人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski , Laurent P. Daynes , Nathaniel J. Nystrom
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F9/44521 , G06F9/45504 , Y10S707/955 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99942
摘要： A system is described that facilitates sharing an object containing embedded references to non-shared objects, which may be located at different virtual memory addresses in different processes. During operation, the system looks up the object in a shared memory area, wherein the shared memory area is mapped to the same virtual address by all sharing processes. If the object does not exist in the shared memory area, the system creates the object within the shared memory area, and sets embedded references in the object to point to entries in an indirection table located at a second virtual address, wherein each sharing process maintains its own private version of the indirection table at the same second virtual address. Next, the system performs a private initialization operation on the object for a specific process by setting references in the private version of the indirection table for the specific process to point to non-shared objects located in a private memory area for the specific process. In this way, the system allows each sharing process to maintain its own private versions of the non-shared objects.
摘要翻译：描述了一种系统，其有助于共享包含对非共享对象的嵌入引用的对象，所述非共享对象可以位于不同进程中的不同虚拟存储器地址处。在操作期间，系统在共享存储器区域中查找对象，其中通过所有共享过程将共享存储器区域映射到相同的虚拟地址。如果对象不存在于共享存储器区域中，则系统在共享存储器区域内创建对象，并且将对象中的嵌入引用设置为指向位于第二虚拟地址的间接表中的条目，其中每个共享过程维护它自己的私有版本的间接表在同一个第二个虚拟地址。接下来，系统通过将特定进程的间接表的私有版本中的引用设置为指向位于特定进程的专用存储器区域中的非共享对象，对特定进程的对象执行私有初始化操作。以这种方式，系统允许每个共享进程维护其自己的私有版本的非共享对象。

7. 发明授权

US07165255B2 Method and apparatus for managing surplus memory in multitasking system 有权
标题翻译：多任务系统中多余的内存管理方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07165255B2
公开(公告)日：2007-01-16
申请号：US09884291
申请日：2001-06-18
申请人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski , Laurent P. Daynes
发明人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski , Laurent P. Daynes
IPC分类号： G06F9/50 , G06F9/455 , G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F9/5016 , Y10S707/99953 , Y10S707/99957
摘要： One embodiment of the present invention provides a system for managing surplus memory in a multitasking system. The system operates by reserving a guaranteed amount of memory from a heap for a task. Heap memory not reserved for a task is surplus memory. When the system receives a request from the task to allocate memory for a new object, the system determines if memory is available within the guaranteed amount of memory. If so, the system allocates memory for the new object from the guaranteed memory. Otherwise, if available, the system reserves an additional amount of memory to the task from surplus memory in the heap. The system then allocates memory for the new object from the additional amount of memory. Allocating memory for the new object from the additional amount of memory delays garbage collection of the memory. Surplus memory can be transparently reclaimed.
摘要翻译：本发明的一个实施例提供一种用于管理多任务系统中的多余存储器的系统。系统通过从任务的堆中保留有保证的内存来进行操作。不为任务保留的堆内存是多余的内存。当系统从任务接收到为新对象分配内存的请求时，系统在保证的内存量内确定内存是否可用。如果是这样，系统将从保证的内存中为新对象分配内存。否则，如果可用，系统会从堆中的剩余内存中为该任务预留额外的内存量。然后系统会从额外的内存量为新对象分配内存。从额外的内存量分配新对象的内存延迟内存的垃圾收集。盈余记忆可以透明地回收。

8. 发明授权

US06931638B2 Method and apparatus to facilitate sharing optimized instruction code in a multitasking virtual machine 有权
标题翻译：便于在多任务虚拟机中共享优化指令代码的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06931638B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-16
申请号：US10043801
申请日：2002-01-10
申请人： Laurent P. Daynes , Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
发明人： Laurent P. Daynes , Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
IPC分类号： G06F9/45 , G06F9/455 , G06F9/44
CPC分类号： G06F9/45508 , G06F8/48 , G06F9/45516
摘要： A method is provided that enables native code, dynamically compiled from platform-independent code by one task of a multitasking virtual machine, to be used by other tasks. The system interprets the platform-independent code of a method for a threshold number of interpretations, and then produces class initialization dependent (CID) native code. The runtime of the system guarantees that a task uses CID code of a method only when all of the classes of an initialized set associated with the CID code have been initialized by the task, and otherwise, interprets the platform-independent code of the method. This allows the compiler to avoid generating class initialization barriers for classes from the initialized set. After a threshold number of failures to execute the CID code of a method, task re-entrant code is generated to replace the interpretation of its platform-independent code.
摘要翻译：提供了一种方法，该方法使得由多任务虚拟机的一个任务从与平台无关的代码动态编译的本机代码被其他任务使用。系统解释与平台无关的代码，用于阈值数量的解释，然后生成类初始化依赖（CID）本机代码。系统的运行时间只有当与CID代码关联的初始化集合的所有类都已被任务初始化时，任务才使用方法的CID代码，否则解释方法的与平台无关的代码。这允许编译器避免从初始化集中为类生成类初始化障碍。在执行方法的CID代码的阈值数量之后，生成任务重入代码来替代其与平台无关的代码的解释。

9. 发明授权

US07162711B2 Method of automatically virtualizing core native libraries of a virtual machine 有权
标题翻译：自动虚拟虚拟机的核心本机库的方法
公开(公告)号：US07162711B2
公开(公告)日：2007-01-09
申请号：US10318500
申请日：2002-12-12
申请人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski , Laurent P. Daynes
发明人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski , Laurent P. Daynes
IPC分类号： G06F9/44 , G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F9/44563
摘要： A method of automatically virtualizing core native libraries of a virtual machine is disclosed. In an embodiment, the virtual machine is a java virtual machine (JVM). In this technique, the interface between the virtual machine and the core native libraries is controlled, since multiple instances of a core native library are loaded into the same process based on the number of co-located applications. Moreover, the interactions between the core native libraries and the underlying operating system (OS) are controlled so that a single point of contact is presented to the OS. Also, the dependencies the core native libraries may have on the virtual machine are handled.
摘要翻译：公开了一种自动虚拟虚拟机的核心本机库的方法。在一个实施例中，虚拟机是Java虚拟机（JVM）。在这种技术中，由于核心本机库的多个实例基于共址应用程序的数量被加载到相同的进程中，因此可以控制虚拟机和核心本机库之间的接口。此外，控制核心本机库和底层操作系统（OS）之间的交互，以便将单一联系人呈现给操作系统。此外，核心本机库对虚拟机可能具有的依赖性将被处理。

10. 发明授权

US07065755B2 Method and apparatus for removing class initialization barriers from shared compiled methods 有权
标题翻译：从共享编译方法中删除类初始化障碍的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07065755B2
公开(公告)日：2006-06-20
申请号：US10010057
申请日：2001-12-04
申请人： Laurent P. Daynes , Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
发明人： Laurent P. Daynes , Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
IPC分类号： G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F8/458 , G06F9/45516
摘要： The invention describes a method an apparatus to minimize the costs introduced in the native code of a method M in order to make it executable (concurrently or serially) by multiple tasks, wherein M's native code is produced by the dynamic compiler of a multitasking virtual machine. One embodiment of the present invention describes a mechanism that annotates the shared runtime representation of classes with information that identifies the particular event that triggered the initialization of these classes, and in particular, if that event is the execution of class initialization barrier from a method of another class. These annotations are then used during each dynamic compilation of a method M of a class C to determine when native code corresponding to a class initialization barrier needs to be generated in the task re-entrant native code produced by the dynamic compiler for M.
摘要翻译：本发明描述了一种方法，用于使方法M的本地代码中引入的成本最小化，以便通过多个任务使其可执行（并行或串行），其中M的本机代码由多任务虚拟机的动态编译器产生。本发明的一个实施例描述了使用标识触发这些类的初始化的特定事件的信息来注释类的共享运行时表示的机制，并且特别地，如果该事件是从另一个班然后在类C的方法M的每个动态编译期间使用这些注释，以确定何时需要在动态编译器为M生成的任务重入本机代码中生成对应于类初始化障碍的本机代码。

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