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1. 发明授权

US06174159B1 Method and apparatus for a catalytic firebox reactor 有权
标题翻译：用于催化火炉反应器的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06174159B1
公开(公告)日：2001-01-16
申请号：US09272395
申请日：1999-03-18
申请人： Lance L. Smith , Shahrokh Etemad , Hasan Ulkarim , Marco J. Castaldi , William C. Pfefferle
发明人： Lance L. Smith , Shahrokh Etemad , Hasan Ulkarim , Marco J. Castaldi , William C. Pfefferle
IPC分类号： F23D1418
CPC分类号： F23C13/00
摘要： A catalytic firebox reactor employing an exothermic catalytic reaction channel and multiple cooling conduits for creating a partially reacted fuel/oxidant mixture. An oxidation catalyst is deposited on the walls forming the boundary between the multiple cooling conduits and the exothermic catalytic reaction channel, on the side of the walls facing the exothermic catalytic reaction channel. This configuration allows the oxidation catalyst to be backside cooled by any fluid passing through the cooling conduits. The heat of reaction is added to both the fluid in the exothermic catalytic reaction channel and the fluid passing through the cooling conduits. After discharge of the fluids from the exothermic catalytic reaction channel, the fluids mix to create a single combined flow. A further innovation in the reactor incorporates geometric changes in the exothermic catalytic reaction channel to provide streamwise variation of the velocity of the fluids in the reactor.
摘要翻译：使用放热催化反应通道的催化火炉反应器和用于产生部分反应的燃料/氧化剂混合物的多个冷却管道。氧化催化剂沉积在形成多个冷却导管和放热催化反应通道之间边界壁的壁上，面对放热催化反应通道。这种构造允许氧化催化剂由通过冷却导管的任何流体背面冷却。反应热量加入放热催化反应通道中的流体和通过冷却管道的流体。在从放热催化反应通道排出流体之后，流体混合以产生单一的组合流。反应器中的进一步创新包括放热催化反应通道中的几何变化，以提供反应器中流体速度的流动变化。

2. 发明授权

US06752623B2 Method and apparatus for a fuel-rich catalytic reactor 有权
标题翻译：一种富燃料催化反应器的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06752623B2
公开(公告)日：2004-06-22
申请号：US10139996
申请日：2002-05-06
申请人： Lance L. Smith , Shahrokh Etemad , Marco J. Castaldi , Hasan Ul Karim , William C. Pfefferle
发明人： Lance L. Smith , Shahrokh Etemad , Marco J. Castaldi , Hasan Ul Karim , William C. Pfefferle
IPC分类号： F42D1418
CPC分类号： F23C13/00 , F23C6/04 , F23C2201/40 , F23C2900/13002 , F23R3/346 , F23R3/40 , Y02E20/344
摘要： The present invention is a method, and an apparatus for practicing the method, that creates a product stream and a heat of reaction from a fuel-rich fuel/air mixture and then contacts the product stream with a sufficient quantity of additional air to completely combust all of the fuel, to which air a portion of the heat of reaction has been transferred.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种用于实施该方法的方法和装置，其从富燃料燃料/空气混合物产生产物流和反应热，然后用足够量的附加空气与产物流接触以完全燃烧所有的燃料，空气的一部分反应热已被转移到该燃料。

3. 发明申请

US20100330510A1 METHOD FOR LOW NOx COMBUSTION OF SYNGAS / HUGH HYDROGEN FUELS 审中-公开
标题翻译：低氮燃烧燃料燃烧方法
公开(公告)号：US20100330510A1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-30
申请号：US12800550
申请日：2010-05-19
申请人： William C. Pfefferle , Shahrokh Etemad , Hasan Karim , Lance L. Smith
发明人： William C. Pfefferle , Shahrokh Etemad , Hasan Karim , Lance L. Smith
IPC分类号： F23D14/22 , F23L7/00
CPC分类号： F23L15/04 , F23C13/06 , F23C2900/13002 , F23C2900/9901 , F23D14/22 , F23D14/78 , F23R3/283 , F23R3/40 , F23R2900/00002 , Y02E20/348
摘要： A method is provided for achieving low NOx in the operation of a non-premixed combustion system by reacting a fuel-rich mixture to produce partial reaction products plus heat, transferring a portion of the heat to a bypass air stream, and passing the cooled partial reaction products into non-premixed contact and combustion with a stoichiometric portion of the heated bypass air stream. A supply of fuel and a supply of air is provided; and a fuel-rich mixture is formed and reacted to produce partial reaction products plus a heat of reaction. A portion of the heat of reaction is transferred to a bypass air stream and the cooled partial reaction products are passed into non-premixed contact and combustion with a stoichiometric portion of the heated bypass air stream.
摘要翻译：提供了一种方法，用于通过使富燃料混合物反应产生部分反应产物加热，将一部分热量转移到旁路空气流，并使冷却的部分将反应产物与化学计量部分的加热旁路空气流进行非预混接触和燃烧。提供燃料和空气供应; 并且形成富含燃料的混合物并使其反应以产生部分反应产物加上反应热。将一部分反应热转移到旁路空气流中，将冷却的部分反应产物进入非预混合的接触并用化学计量的部分加热的旁路气流进行燃烧。

4. 发明授权

US6155819A Dry, low NO.sub.x catalytic pilot 失效
标题翻译：干燥，低NOx催化飞行员
公开(公告)号：US6155819A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-05
申请号：US97175
申请日：1998-06-12
申请人： Shahrokh Etemad , Lance L. Smith , Hasan Ul Karim , Gregory Scott Jackson , William C. Pfefferle
发明人： Shahrokh Etemad , Lance L. Smith , Hasan Ul Karim , Gregory Scott Jackson , William C. Pfefferle
IPC分类号： F02C7/264 , F23R3/40 , F23D11/44
CPC分类号： F23R3/40 , F02C7/264
摘要： This invention relates to an apparatus and method for increasing the reactivity of a fuel/air mixture prior to homogenous combustion of the mixture. More specifically, this invention is a pilot for a gas turbine combustor which utilizes the heat of combustion within the pilot to increase the reactivity of a portion of the fuel/air mixture utilized by the pilot.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及在混合物均匀燃烧之前提高燃料/空气混合物的反应性的装置和方法。更具体地，本发明是用于燃气轮机燃烧器的先导，其利用飞行员内的燃烧热来增加飞行员利用的燃料/空气混合物的一部分的反应性。

5. 发明申请

US20110079016A1 Compact aircraft combustor 有权
标题翻译：紧凑型飞机燃烧器
公开(公告)号：US20110079016A1
公开(公告)日：2011-04-07
申请号：US12924671
申请日：2010-09-30
申请人： Shahrokh Etemad , Benjamin D. Baird , Subir Roychoudhury , William C. Pfefferle
发明人： Shahrokh Etemad , Benjamin D. Baird , Subir Roychoudhury , William C. Pfefferle
IPC分类号： F02C6/18 , F23R3/04 , F02C6/04 , F02C7/264
CPC分类号： F23R3/40 , F23C6/045 , F23C13/06 , F23C2900/03002 , F23C2900/9901 , F23R3/286 , F23R3/32 , Y02T50/678
摘要： The present invention provides a combustor for an aerospace gas turbine engine comprising two stages wherein each stage defines an inlet and an exit. The second stage inlet is in fluid communication with the first stage exit such that a first flowpath is defined and it passes substantially through the second stage. A plurality of flow channel tubes is positioned within the second stage and each flow channel tube passes sealingly through a header plate positioned upstream of the second stage inlet thereby defining a second flowpath that also passes substantially through the second stage. The first flowpath exit and the second flowpath exit are positioned adjacent and proximate to one another to provide for the generation of microflames or microflame jets exiting the second stage from between and around the flow channel tube exits. The first stage of the combustor provides a gasifier and a reformer. The present invention also may comprise an igniter for further combustion of the reacted products or an external heat source for start-up. The second stage also may comprise a microflame combustor.
摘要翻译：本发明提供一种用于航空航天燃气涡轮发动机的燃烧器，其包括两个阶段，其中每个阶段限定入口和出口。第二级入口与第一级出口流体连通，使得限定第一流动路径，并且其基本上通过第二级。多个流动通道管定位在第二阶段内，并且每个流动通道管密封地穿过位于第二阶段入口上游的集管板，从而限定也基本上通过第二阶段的第二流动路径。第一流路出口和第二流路出口相邻并且靠近彼此定位，以提供从流动通道管出口之间和周围离开第二阶段的微火焰或微火焰射流的产生。燃烧器的第一阶段提供气化器和重整器。本发明还可以包括用于进一步燃烧反应产物的点火器或用于启动的外部热源。第二阶段还可以包括微火焰燃烧器。

6. 发明申请

US20090293446A1 Method for low NOx combustion with low pressure drop 审中-公开
标题翻译：低压降低NOx燃烧方法
公开(公告)号：US20090293446A1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-03
申请号：US11903131
申请日：2007-09-19
申请人： Shahrokh Etemad , William C. Pfefferle , Benjamin Baird
发明人： Shahrokh Etemad , William C. Pfefferle , Benjamin Baird
IPC分类号： F02C7/057
CPC分类号： F23R3/40 , F23C13/06 , F23R3/283 , F23R3/286
摘要： The present invention provides a method for the reduction of pressure drop in low NOx combustion of fuel and air, maximizing energy efficiency. A supply of fuel and a supply of air form a fuel rich mixture that is reacted to produce partial reaction products and heat. A portion of the heat is transferred to a second supply of air. The partial reaction products are mixed with heated air and with a third supply of air to form a fuel lean admixture that is passed to a combustion zone for low NOx combustion.
摘要翻译：本发明提供一种减少燃料和空气的低NOx燃烧中的压降的方法，使能量效率最大化。供应燃料和空气供应形成富燃料的混合物，反应产生部分反应产物和加热。一部分热被传递到第二供应的空气。将部分反应产物与加热的空气和第三次空气供应混合以形成燃料稀混合物，其被传递到用于低NOx燃烧的燃烧区域。

7. 发明授权

US07521028B2 Catalytic reactor for low-Btu fuels 有权
标题翻译：用于低Btu燃料的催化反应器
公开(公告)号：US07521028B2
公开(公告)日：2009-04-21
申请号：US11261190
申请日：2005-10-27
申请人： Lance Smith , Shahrokh Etemad , Hasan Karim , William C. Pfefferle
发明人： Lance Smith , Shahrokh Etemad , Hasan Karim , William C. Pfefferle
IPC分类号： B01J8/04 , F23D21/00
CPC分类号： B01J8/067 , B01J8/062 , B01J8/065 , B01J12/007 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2219/00081 , F28D7/0041
摘要： An improved catalytic reactor includes a housing having a plate positioned therein defining a first zone and a second zone, and a plurality of conduits fabricated from a heat conducting material and adapted for conducting a fluid therethrough. The conduits are positioned within the housing such that the conduit exterior surfaces and the housing interior surface within the second zone define a first flow path while the conduit interior surfaces define a second flow path through the second zone and not in fluid communication with the first flow path. The conduit exits define a second flow path exit, the conduit exits and the first flow path exit being proximately located and interspersed. The conduits define at least one expanded section that contacts adjacent conduits thereby spacing the conduits within the second zone and forming first flow path exit flow orifices having an aggregate exit area greater than a defined percent of the housing exit plane area. Lastly, at least a portion of the first flow path defines a catalytically active surface.
摘要翻译：改进的催化反应器包括壳体，其具有定位在其中的板，其中限定第一区域和第二区域，以及由导热材料制成并适于传导流体通过其中的多个管道。导管定位在壳体内，使得导管外表面和第二区域内的壳体内表面限定第一流动路径，同时导管内表面限定穿过第二区域的第二流动路径并且不与第一流体流体连通路径。导管出口限定第二流动路径出口，导管离开并且第一流动路径出口被近似定位并散布。导管限定了至少一个膨胀部分，其接触相邻的管道，从而将第二区域内的管道隔开并形成第一流路出口流动孔口，其具有大于壳体出口平面面积的限定百分比的总出口面积。最后，第一流路的至少一部分限定催化活性表面。

8. 发明申请

US20080234528A1 Catalytic isobutane alkylation 有权
标题翻译：催化异丁烷烷基化
公开(公告)号：US20080234528A1
公开(公告)日：2008-09-25
申请号：US11726106
申请日：2007-03-21
申请人： William C. Pfefferle , Shahrokh Etemad
发明人： William C. Pfefferle , Shahrokh Etemad
IPC分类号： C07C2/56 , B01J8/02
CPC分类号： B01J16/005 , B01J12/007 , B01J19/2475 , C07C2/58 , C07C2529/068
摘要： A novel catalytic reactor is provided for controlling the contact of a limiting reactant with a catalyst surface. A first flow vessel defines an interior surface and an exterior surface, and the interior surface has a catalyst deposited on at least a portion thereof. A second flow vessel is positioned within the first flow vessel and the second flow vessel defines a porous surface designed to deliver a fluid uniformly to at least a portion of the interior surface of the first flow vessel.
摘要翻译：提供了一种新颖的催化反应器来控制极限反应物与催化剂表面的接触。第一流动容器限定内表面和外表面，并且内表面具有沉积在其至少一部分上的催化剂。第二流动容器位于第一流动容器内，并且第二流动容器限定多孔表面，该多孔表面被设计成将流体均匀地输送到第一流动容器的内表面的至少一部分。

9. 发明授权

US06270337B1 Dry, low NOx pilot 失效
标题翻译：干，低NOx飞行员
公开(公告)号：US06270337B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-07
申请号：US09097176
申请日：1998-06-12
申请人： Shahrokh Etemad , Hasan Ul Karim , William C. Pfefferle
发明人： Shahrokh Etemad , Hasan Ul Karim , William C. Pfefferle
IPC分类号： F23D340
CPC分类号： F23C7/002 , F23D2209/20 , F23D2900/00015
摘要： This invention relates to an apparatus and method for increasing the reactivity of a fuel/air mixture prior to homogenous combustion of the mixture. More specifically, this invention is a pilot for a gas turbine combustor which utilizes the heat of combustion within the pilot to increase the reactivity of a portion of the fuel/air mixture utilized by the pilot.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及在混合物均匀燃烧之前提高燃料/空气混合物的反应性的装置和方法。更具体地，本发明是用于燃气轮机燃烧器的先导，其利用飞行员内的燃烧热来增加飞行员利用的燃料/空气混合物的一部分的反应性。

10. 发明授权

US08864491B1 Direct injection method and apparatus for low NOx combustion of high hydrogen fuels 有权
标题翻译：高氢燃料的低NOx燃烧的直接喷射方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08864491B1
公开(公告)日：2014-10-21
申请号：US12001931
申请日：2007-12-12
申请人： William C. Pfefferle , Benjamin D. Baird , Shahrokh Etemad , Sandeep K. Alavandi
发明人： William C. Pfefferle , Benjamin D. Baird , Shahrokh Etemad , Sandeep K. Alavandi
IPC分类号： F23M3/04
CPC分类号： F23C13/06 , F23C6/04 , F23C2900/13001 , F23C2900/13002 , F23R3/40
摘要： A method for low NOx combustion, without premixing of fuel and air prior to passage to a combustor, is provided wherein a fuel is injected into a reaction zone via an eductor thereby inducing an air flow and producing a fuel-rich mixture. The fuel-rich mixture is reacted and produces partial reaction products plus heat. A portion of the heat is to transferred to a cooling air stream and the cooled partial reaction products are brought into contact with the heated cooling air stream for combustion. Increased injection of the fuel results in an increased induction of the air flow.
摘要翻译：提供了一种低NOx燃烧的方法，其在通过燃烧器之前不预燃燃料和空气，其中通过喷射器将燃料注入反应区域，从而引起空气流并产生富燃料的混合物。使富燃料的混合物反应并产生部分反应产物加热。一部分热量被转移到冷却空气流中，冷却的部分反应产物与被加热的冷却空气流接触以进行燃烧。燃料的注入增加导致空气流的增加。

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