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1. 发明授权

US5240007A Apparatus and method for moving a tissue stress sensor for applanating an artery 失效
标题翻译：用于移动组织应变传感器的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5240007A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-31
申请号：US700009
申请日：1991-05-14
申请人： Kenneth J. Pytel , Stephen A. Martin , Robert D. Butterfield , William R. Ewing
发明人： Kenneth J. Pytel , Stephen A. Martin , Robert D. Butterfield , William R. Ewing
IPC分类号： A61B5/022
CPC分类号： A61B5/021 , A61B5/02241
摘要： An artery applanation actuator for use in a system for noninvasively determining the intra-arterial blood pressure of a user incorporates a fluid actuator to effect movement of a sensor. The movement of the sensor is effective for applanating an artery of interest and measuring the stress of the tissue overlaying the artery of interest. Alternative embodiments of the artery applanation actuator are presented wherein an electric motor is used to activate a rotating arm which has a sensor located thereon. The rotation of the arm causes the sensor to contact and press against the tissue overlying the artery of interest. The artery applanation actuator is presented having a protective sheath surrounding the sensor to protect the sensor against inadvertent contact.
摘要翻译：用于非侵入性地确定使用者的动脉内血压的系统中的动脉压平致动器包括流体致动器以实现传感器的移动。传感器的运动对于平坦化感兴趣的动脉和测量覆盖感兴趣的动脉的组织的应力是有效的。提出了动脉压平致动器的替代实施例，其中使用电动机来启动具有位于其上的传感器的旋转臂。臂的旋转导致传感器接触并压靠在感兴趣的动脉上方的组织。动脉挤压致动器具有围绕传感器的保护护套，以保护传感器免于意外接触。

2. 发明授权

US06290650B1 Tonometry system for monitoring blood pressure 有权
标题翻译：用于监测血压的血压计系统
公开(公告)号：US06290650B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-18
申请号：US09321907
申请日：1999-05-28
申请人： Robert D. Butterfield , Kenneth J. Pytel , Charles R. Holdaway , Stephen A. Martin
发明人： Robert D. Butterfield , Kenneth J. Pytel , Charles R. Holdaway , Stephen A. Martin
IPC分类号： A61B502
CPC分类号： A61B5/021
摘要： A system for noninvasively continuously monitoring arterial blood pressure includes a tissue stress sensor that has a continuous diaphragm for sensing stress within tissue adjacent a preselected artery caused by arterial pulsations within that artery. The stress sensitive diaphragm is coupled with electromechanical means for producing electrical signals that represent the stress within the tissue that is communicated to the sensor. These signals are then processed electronically in order to yield an output that is indicative of the arterial blood pressure of the preselected artery. The disclosed system includes methods of operation for determining blood pressure while maintaining a preselected artery in an optimum applanation state and an off-optimum applanation state.
摘要翻译：用于非侵入性连续监测动脉血压的系统包括组织应力传感器，其具有用于感测由该动脉内的动脉脉动引起的预选动脉附近的组织内的应力的连续膜片。应力敏感隔膜与机电装置相结合，用于产生表示组织内传递到传感器的应力的电信号。然后电子地处理这些信号，以产生指示预选动脉的动脉血压的输出。所公开的系统包括用于确定血压的操作的方法，同时保持预选动脉处于最佳压扁状态和不合适的压扁状态。

3. 发明授权

US5284150A Tonometry system for determining blood pressure 失效
标题翻译：用于测定血压的血压计系统
公开(公告)号：US5284150A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-08
申请号：US962364
申请日：1992-10-16
申请人： Robert D. Butterfield , Kenneth J. Pytel , Charles R. Holdaway , Stephen A. Martin
发明人： Robert D. Butterfield , Kenneth J. Pytel , Charles R. Holdaway , Stephen A. Martin
IPC分类号： A61B5/022 , A61B5/0225 , A61B5/024 , G01L7/00 , G01L9/00 , A61B5/021
CPC分类号： A61B5/021 , A61B5/02422 , A61B2560/0252 , A61B2562/0247 , A61B2562/043 , A61B5/7203
摘要： A tissue contact stress sensing system incorporates a semiconductor assembly and a continuous diaphragm to noninvasively determine the intra-arterial blood pressure of a patient. The system comprises a continuous diaphragm placed against a patient's tissue which covers an underlying artery. The semiconductor assembly is placed in close proximity to and spaced apart from the diaphragm for directly irradiating the diaphragm with electromagnetic radiation and receiving a portion of the electromagnetic radiation which is reflected from the continuous diaphragm. The disclosed system also utilizes a technique for minimizing the system errors associated with temperature drift and aging of the sensor.
摘要翻译：组织接触应力感测系统包括半导体组件和连续隔膜以非侵入性地确定患者的动脉内血压。该系统包括一个连续的隔膜，该隔膜相对于覆盖下面动脉的患者组织放置。半导体组件被放置在与隔膜紧密并且间隔开的位置，以便用电磁辐射直接照射隔膜并且接收从连续隔膜反射的电磁辐射的一部分。所公开的系统还利用用于最小化与传感器的温度漂移和老化相关的系统误差的技术。

4. 发明授权

US5195522A Tonometry sensor calibration apparatus 失效
标题翻译：眼压计传感器校准装置
公开(公告)号：US5195522A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-23
申请号：US717224
申请日：1991-06-18
申请人： Kenneth J. Pytel , Stephen A. Martin , Robert D. Butterfield
发明人： Kenneth J. Pytel , Stephen A. Martin , Robert D. Butterfield
IPC分类号： A61B5/021 , A61B5/022 , A61B5/0225 , A61B5/024
CPC分类号： A61B5/02422 , A61B5/021 , A61B5/02241 , A61B2560/0223
摘要： A calibration apparatus for use in calibrating a tissue stress sensor used in a blood pressure monitoring system. The calibration apparatus includes a calibration head which is adapted to be retained in close proximity to a tissue stress sensor. The calibration head includes means for heating the tissue stress sensor. A calibration system is also disclosed for calibrating a blood pressure monitoring system, the blood pressure monitoring system employing a stress sensor for generating an electric output signal representative of tissue stress data. The calibration system comprises a tissue stress sensor having a displaceable diaphragm and a sealed chamber. The chamber has a continuous wall defining an inner volume and an outer volume. The displaceable diaphragm comprises a portion of the continuous wall, whereby the displaceable diaphragm is responsive to a pressure differential between the inner chamber volume and the outer chamber volume. The vacuum means is fluidly coupled to the inner volume of the sealed chamber for applying a controlled vacuum to the inner volume of the chamber whereby the diaphragm is displaced in response to the application of the vacuum. Calibration means is provided for detecting the sensors response to heating and displacing of the sensor diaphragm and for generating corrective data for use in correcting the effects of sensor temperture on the data generated by the sensor.
摘要翻译：一种用于校准在血压监测系统中使用的组织应力传感器的校准装置。校准装置包括校准头，其适于保持紧靠组织应力传感器。校准头包括用于加热组织应力传感器的装置。还公开了一种用于校准血压监测系统的校准系统，所述血压监测系统采用应力传感器来产生代表组织应力数据的电输出信号。校准系统包括具有可移动隔膜和密封室的组织应力传感器。该室具有限定内容积和外容积的连续壁。可移动隔膜包括连续壁的一部分，由此可移动隔膜响应于内室容积和外室体积之间的压力差。真空装置流体耦合到密封室的内部容积，用于将受控制的真空施加到室的内部容积，由此隔膜响应于真空的应用而移位。提供了校准装置，用于检测传感器对传感器隔膜的加热和移位的响应，并产生用于校正传感器温度对传感器产生的数据的影响的校正数据。

5. 发明授权

US5908027A Tonometry system for monitoring blood pressure 失效
标题翻译：用于监测血压的血压计系统
公开(公告)号：US5908027A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-01
申请号：US848920
申请日：1997-05-01
申请人： Robert D. Butterfield , Kenneth J. Pytel , Charles R. Holdaway , Stephen A. Martin
发明人： Robert D. Butterfield , Kenneth J. Pytel , Charles R. Holdaway , Stephen A. Martin
IPC分类号： A61B5/021 , A61B5/02
CPC分类号： A61B5/021
摘要： A system for noninvasively continuously monitoring arterial blood pressure includes a tissue stress sensor that has a continuous diaphragm for sensing stress within tissue adjacent a preselected artery caused by arterial pulsations within that artery. The stress sensitive diaphragm is coupled with electromechanical means for producing electrical signals that represent the stress within the tissue that is communicated to the sensor. These signals are then processed electronically in order to yield an output that is indicative of the arterial blood pressure of the preselected artery. The disclosed system includes methods of operation for determining blood pressure while maintaining a preselected artery in an optimum applanation state and an off-optimum applanation state.
摘要翻译：用于非侵入性连续监测动脉血压的系统包括组织应力传感器，其具有用于感测由该动脉内的动脉脉动引起的预选动脉附近的组织内的应力的连续膜片。应力敏感隔膜与机电装置相结合，用于产生表示组织内传递到传感器的应力的电信号。然后电子地处理这些信号，以产生指示预选动脉的动脉血压的输出。所公开的系统包括用于确定血压的操作的方法，同时保持预选动脉处于最佳压扁状态和不合适的压扁状态。

6. 发明授权

US5158091A Tonometry system for determining blood pressure 失效
标题翻译：用于测定血压的测量系统
公开(公告)号：US5158091A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-27
申请号：US621165
申请日：1990-11-30
申请人： Robert D. Butterfield , Kenneth J. Pytel , Charles R. Holdaway , Stephen A. Martin
发明人： Robert D. Butterfield , Kenneth J. Pytel , Charles R. Holdaway , Stephen A. Martin
IPC分类号： A61B5/022 , A61B5/0225 , A61B5/024 , G01L7/00 , G01L9/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/021 , A61B5/02422 , A61B2560/0252 , A61B2562/0247 , A61B2562/043 , A61B5/7203
摘要： A tissue contact stress sensing system incorporates a semiconductor assembly and a continuous diaphragm to noninvasively determine the intra-arterial blood pressure of a patient. The system comprises a continuous diaphragm placed against a patient's tissue which covers an underlying artery. The semiconductor assembly is placed in close proximity to and spaced apart from the diaphragm for directly irradiating the diaphragm with electromagnetic radiation and receiving a portion of the electromagnetic radiation which is reflected from the continuous diaphragm. The disclosed system also utilizes a technique for minimizing the system errors associated with temperature drift and aging of the sensor.
摘要翻译：组织接触应力感测系统包括半导体组件和连续隔膜以非侵入性地确定患者的动脉内血压。该系统包括一个连续的隔膜，该隔膜相对于覆盖下面动脉的患者组织放置。半导体组件被放置在与隔膜紧密并且间隔开的位置，以便用电磁辐射直接照射隔膜并且接收从连续隔膜反射的电磁辐射的一部分。所公开的系统还利用用于最小化与传感器的温度漂移和老化相关的系统误差的技术。

7. 发明授权

US5617867A Tonometer mounting device 失效
标题翻译：眼压计安装装置
公开(公告)号：US5617867A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-08
申请号：US344252
申请日：1994-11-23
申请人： Robert D. Butterfield , Charles R. Holdaway , Stephen A. Martin , Stanley J. Boyer , Christine A. Giurdanella-Renzi
发明人： Robert D. Butterfield , Charles R. Holdaway , Stephen A. Martin , Stanley J. Boyer , Christine A. Giurdanella-Renzi
IPC分类号： A61B5/021 , A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/021
摘要： A device for mounting a tonometry sensor upon a patient's wrist includes a base portion that is specifically adapted to generally conform to the patient's wrist while providing a stable placement of the tonometry sensor relative to a preselected artery. A sensor housing is movably mounted upon the base portion and configured such that the mounting device has an essentially equal thickness at each end of the device. A strap member is provided for releasably securing the mounting device to a patient's wrist. The mounting device facilitates more accurate, non-invasive blood pressure measurement by providing a stable placement of the tonometry sensor relative to the tissue overlying a preselected artery at a measurement location and, further, limits undesirable movement by the patient to thereby reduce undesirable error in the blood pressure measurement.
摘要翻译：用于将眼压测量传感器安装在患者腕部上的装置包括基部，该基部特别地适于大体上符合患者的手腕，同时提供相对于预选动脉的眼压测量传感器的稳定放置。传感器壳体可移动地安装在基座部分上并且构造成使得安装装置在装置的每个端部具有基本相等的厚度。提供带构件用于将安装装置可释放地固定到患者的手腕上。安装装置通过提供眼压计传感器相对于在测量位置处覆盖预选动脉的组织的稳定放置来促进更准确的无创血压测量，并且还限制了患者的不期望的运动，从而减少不期望的误差血压测量。

8. 发明授权

US5273046A Method of determining optimum artery applanation 失效
标题翻译：确定最佳动脉压扁的方法
公开(公告)号：US5273046A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-28
申请号：US869553
申请日：1992-04-15
申请人： Robert D. Butterfield , Stephen A. Martin
发明人： Robert D. Butterfield , Stephen A. Martin
IPC分类号： A61B5/022 , A61B5/02
CPC分类号： A61B5/021 , A61B2562/0247
摘要： A method, for use in a non-invasive blood pressure monitoring system, of determining optimum artery applanation. The system uses a stress sensor including a stress sensitive element for detecting stress of tissue overlying an artery of interest. The tissue stress sensor is placed in communication with tissue overlying the artery of interest and at least one electrical signal is obtained therefrom representing stress data across the length of the stress sensitive element. The data represents stress datum communicated to a preselected portion of the stress sensitive element. From the stress datum, various algorithms are used, singly or in combination, to provide the best measure of optimum applanation state. Intra-arterial blood pressure is then calculated using datum collected at the optimum applanation state. In addition, to the optimum applanation methods, a method is disclosed for determining which portion of the stress sensitive element is best suited for estimating intra-arterial blood pressure.
摘要翻译：一种用于非侵入性血压监测系统的方法，用于确定最佳动脉压扁。该系统使用包括应力敏感元件的应力传感器来检测感兴趣的动脉上方的组织的压力。将组织应力传感器置于与感兴趣的动脉相邻的组织的连通中，并且获得至少一个电信号，表示跨过应力敏感元件长度的应力数据。数据表示传递给应力敏感元件的预选部分的应力基准。从应力数据，单独或组合使用各种算法，以提供最佳压平状态的最佳测量。然后使用在最佳压扁状态下收集的数据计算动脉内血压。另外，对于最佳压平方法，公开了一种用于确定应力敏感元件的哪一部分最适合于估计动脉内血压的方法。

9. 发明授权

US5271405A Wrist mount apparatus for use in blood pressure tonometry 失效
标题翻译：用于血压眼压测量的手腕式装置
公开(公告)号：US5271405A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-21
申请号：US699859
申请日：1991-05-14
申请人： Stanley J. Boyer , Stephen A. Martin , Christine A. Giurdanella-Renzi , Charles R. Holdaway , Robert D. Butterfield
发明人： Stanley J. Boyer , Stephen A. Martin , Christine A. Giurdanella-Renzi , Charles R. Holdaway , Robert D. Butterfield
IPC分类号： A61B5/0205 , A61B5/021 , A61B5/022 , A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/021
摘要： A wrist mount apparatus for placing a tissue stress sensor in operative engagement with the tissue overlaying an artery of interest is disclosed for use in a system for noninvasively determining the intra-arterial blood pressure of a patient. The wrist mount apparatus comprises a base portion and a transducer platform which is pivotally and slidingly engaged to the base portion. This arrangement allows the apparatus to be used on either the right or the left wrist of the wearer. A force overload system is provided whereby the wearer is protected from excessive forces applied to the wrist tissue by the apparatus used to applanate the artery. A quick disconnect feature allows the tissue stress sensor to be removed from the wrist mount apparatus without necessitating the use of tools. A disposable, anticontamination film is used with each application of the wrist mount apparatus to minimize the risk of transferring contaminants from one wearer to another and to prevent a build up of materials on the sensor's face.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于将组织应力传感器放置在与覆盖感兴趣的动脉的组织操作性接合的手腕安装装置，用于非侵入性地确定患者的动脉内血压的系统中。手腕安装装置包括基部和与枢转并滑动地接合到基部的换能器平台。这种布置允许该装置在佩戴者的右手腕或左手腕上使用。提供了一种力过载系统，由此佩戴者不受用于压迫动脉的装置施加到手腕组织的过大的力。快速断开功能允许组织应力传感器从手腕安装装置移除，而不需要使用工具。使用一次性的抗静电胶片，每一次使用手腕安装装置，以最大限度地减少将污染物从一个佩戴者转移到另一个佩戴者的危险，并防止传感器表面上的材料积聚。

10. 发明授权

US5261412A Method of continuously monitoring blood pressure 失效
标题翻译：持续监测血压的方法
公开(公告)号：US5261412A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-16
申请号：US980931
申请日：1992-11-20
申请人： Robert D. Butterfield , Stephen A. Martin
发明人： Robert D. Butterfield , Stephen A. Martin
IPC分类号： A61B5/022 , A61B5/0225 , A61B5/02
CPC分类号： A61B5/021 , A61B5/02255
摘要： A method, for use in a non-invasive blood pressure monitoring system, of operating a tissue stress sensor at an off-optimum arterial applanation state. The system uses a stress sensor including a stress sensitive element for detecting stress of tissue overlying an artery of interest. The tissue stress sensor is placed in communication with tissue overlying the artery of interest and at least one electrical signal is obtained therefrom representing stress data across the length of the stress sensitive element. The data represents stress datum communicated to preselected portions of the stress sensitive element. From the stress datum, various techniques are used to determine the optimum applanation state and the actual applanation state. A waveform scaling factor function is created which compensates for the errors associated with operating the tissue stress sensor at an off-optimum applanation state. Thus, the disclosed method provides the benefits associated with operating a tissue stress sensor at an off-optimum state without sacrificing measurement accuracy.
摘要翻译：一种用于非侵入性血压监测系统的方法，用于在非最佳动脉压扁状态下操作组织应力传感器。该系统使用包括应力敏感元件的应力传感器来检测感兴趣的动脉上方的组织的压力。将组织应力传感器置于与感兴趣的动脉相邻的组织的连通中，并且获得至少一个电信号，表示跨过应力敏感元件长度的应力数据。数据表示与应力敏感元件的预选部分通信的应力基准。从应力数据，使用各种技术来确定最佳压平状态和实际压平状态。产生波形缩放因子函数，其补偿在非最佳压扁状态下操作组织应力传感器所引起的误差。因此，所公开的方法提供与在非最佳状态下操作组织应力传感器相关联的益处，而不牺牲测量精度。

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