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1. 发明授权

US5085073A Thermal remote anemometer system 失效
标题翻译：热遥测风速计系统
公开(公告)号：US5085073A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-04
申请号：US146939
申请日：1988-01-22
申请人： Joseph S. Heyman , D. Michele Heath , Christopher S. Welch , William P. Winfree , William E. Miller
发明人： Joseph S. Heyman , D. Michele Heath , Christopher S. Welch , William P. Winfree , William E. Miller
IPC分类号： G01F1/66 , G01F1/688 , G01M9/06 , G01N25/72 , G01P5/00 , G01P5/10
CPC分类号： G01F1/661 , G01F1/6884 , G01M9/065 , G01N25/72 , G01P5/00 , G01P5/10
摘要： A sample in a wind tunnel is radiated from a thermal energy source exteriorly of the wind tunnel. A thermal imager system, also located exteriorly of the wind tunnel, reads surface radiations from the sample as a function of time. The produced thermal images are characteristic of the heat transferred from the sample to the flow across the sample. In turn, the measured rates of heat loss of the sample are characteristic of the flow and the sample.
摘要翻译：风洞中的样品从风洞外部的热能源辐射。也位于风洞外部的热像仪系统将样品中的表面辐射作为时间的函数读取。所产生的热图像是从样品传递到穿过样品的流的热的特征。反过来，样品的测量热损失率是流量和样品的特征。

2. 发明授权

US5131758A Method of remotely characterizing thermal properties of a sample 失效
标题翻译：远程表征样品热性质的方法
公开(公告)号：US5131758A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-21
申请号：US768094
申请日：1991-09-30
申请人： Joseph S. Heyman , D. Michele Heath , Christopher Welch , William P. Winfree , William E. Miller
发明人： Joseph S. Heyman , D. Michele Heath , Christopher Welch , William P. Winfree , William E. Miller
IPC分类号： G01N25/72
CPC分类号： G01N25/72
摘要： A sample in a wind tunnel is radiated from a thermal energy source exteriorly of the wind tunnel. A thermal imager system, also located exteriorly of the wind tunnel, reads surface radiations from the sample as a function of time. The produced thermal images are characteristic of the heat transferred from the sample to the flow across the sample. In turn, the measured rates of heat loss of the sample are characteristic of the flow and the sample.
摘要翻译：风洞中的样品从风洞外部的热能源辐射。也位于风洞外部的热像仪系统将样品中的表面辐射作为时间的函数读取。所产生的热图像是从样品传递到穿过样品的流的热的特征。反过来，样品的测量热损失率是流量和样品的特征。

3. 发明授权

US5562345A Method and apparatus for thermographically and quantitatively analyzing a structure for disbonds and/or inclusions 失效
标题翻译：热分析和定量分析脱粘和/或夹杂物结构的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5562345A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-08
申请号：US571688
申请日：1995-12-13
申请人： Joseph S. Heyman , William P. Winfree , K. Elliott Cramer , Joseph N. Zalamedia
发明人： Joseph S. Heyman , William P. Winfree , K. Elliott Cramer , Joseph N. Zalamedia
IPC分类号： G01N25/72
CPC分类号： G01N25/72
摘要： A heat source such as a magnetic induction/eddy current generator remotely heats a region of a surface of a test structure to a desired depth. For example, the frequency of the heating source can be varied to heat to the desired depth. A thermal sensor senses temperature changes in the heated region as a function of time. A computer compares these sensed temperature changes with calibration standards of a similar sample having known disbond and/or inclusion geography(ies) to analyze the test structure. A plurality of sensors can be arranged linearly to sense vector heat flow.
摘要翻译：诸如磁感应/涡流发生器的热源将测试结构的表面的区域远程加热到期望的深度。例如，可以改变加热源的频率以加热到期望的深度。热传感器根据时间来检测加热区域的温度变化。计算机将这些感测的温度变化与具有已知的解离和/或包含地理学的相似样品的校准标准进行比较，以分析测试结构。可以将多个传感器线性布置以感测矢量热流。

4. 发明申请

US20100019153A1 Air-Coupled Acoustic Thermography for In-Situ Evaluation 有权
标题翻译：用于现场评估的空气耦合声学热成像
公开(公告)号：US20100019153A1
公开(公告)日：2010-01-28
申请号：US12178173
申请日：2008-07-23
申请人： Joseph N. Zalameda , William P. Winfree , William T. Yost
发明人： Joseph N. Zalameda , William P. Winfree , William T. Yost
IPC分类号： G01J5/02 , G01N29/00
CPC分类号： G01N29/228 , G01N25/72 , G01N29/343
摘要： Acoustic thermography uses a housing configured for thermal, acoustic and infrared radiation shielding. For in-situ applications, the housing has an open side adapted to be sealingly coupled to a surface region of a structure such that an enclosed chamber filled with air is defined. One or more acoustic sources are positioned to direct acoustic waves through the air in the enclosed chamber and towards the surface region. To activate and control each acoustic source, a pulsed signal is applied thereto. An infrared imager focused on the surface region detects a thermal image of the surface region. A data capture device records the thermal image in synchronicity with each pulse of the pulsed signal such that a time series of thermal images is generated. For enhanced sensitivity and/or repeatability, sound and/or vibrations at the surface region can be used in feedback control of the pulsed signal applied to the acoustic sources.
摘要翻译：声学热成像使用的外壳配置为热，声和红外辐射屏蔽。对于现场应用，壳体具有适于密封地联接到结构的表面区域的开口侧，使得限定了充满空气的封闭室。定位一个或多个声源以将声波引导通过封闭室中的空气并朝向表面区域。为了激活和控制每个声源，向其施加脉冲信号。聚焦在表面区域的红外成像器检测表面区域的热图像。数据采集装置与脉冲信号的每个脉冲同步地记录热图像，从而产生时间序列的热图像。为了提高灵敏度和/或可重复性，表面区域的声音和/或振动可以用于施加到声源的脉冲信号的反馈控制。

5. 发明授权

US5428102A Low dielectric polyimides 失效
标题翻译：低介电聚酰亚胺
公开(公告)号：US5428102A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-27
申请号：US237712
申请日：1994-05-02
申请人： Anne K. St. Clair , Terry L. St. Clair , William P. Winfree
发明人： Anne K. St. Clair , Terry L. St. Clair , William P. Winfree
IPC分类号： C08G73/10 , C08L79/08
CPC分类号： C08G73/1007
摘要： A series of polyimides based on the dianhydride of 1,4-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy)benzene (HQDEA) or on 2,2-bis[4(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]hexafluoropropane (3-BDAF) are evolved from high molecular weight polyamic acid solutions yielding flexible free-standing films and coatings in the fully imidized form which have a dielectric constant in the range of 2.5 to 3.1 at 10 GHz.
摘要翻译：一系列基于1,4-双（3,4-二羧基苯氧基）苯（HQDEA）二酐或2,2-双[4-（3-氨基苯氧基）苯基]六氟丙烷（3-BDAF）的二酰亚胺衍生自高分子量聚酰胺酸溶液产生柔性自立膜和完全酰亚胺化形式的涂层，其在10GHz下的介电常数范围为2.5至3.1。

6. 发明授权

US07855368B2 Air-coupled acoustic thermography for in-situ evaluation 有权
标题翻译：空气耦合声学热成像进行原位评估
公开(公告)号：US07855368B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-21
申请号：US12178173
申请日：2008-07-23
申请人： Joseph N. Zalameda , William P. Winfree , William T. Yost
发明人： Joseph N. Zalameda , William P. Winfree , William T. Yost
IPC分类号： G01J5/02
CPC分类号： G01N29/228 , G01N25/72 , G01N29/343
摘要： Acoustic thermography uses a housing configured for thermal, acoustic and infrared radiation shielding. For in-situ applications, the housing has an open side adapted to be sealingly coupled to a surface region of a structure such that an enclosed chamber filled with air is defined. One or more acoustic sources are positioned to direct acoustic waves through the air in the enclosed chamber and towards the surface region. To activate and control each acoustic source, a pulsed signal is applied thereto. An infrared imager focused on the surface region detects a thermal image of the surface region. A data capture device records the thermal image in synchronicity with each pulse of the pulsed signal such that a time series of thermal images is generated. For enhanced sensitivity and/or repeatability, sound and/or vibrations at the surface region can be used in feedback control of the pulsed signal applied to the acoustic sources.
摘要翻译：声学热成像使用的外壳配置为热，声和红外辐射屏蔽。对于现场应用，壳体具有适于密封地联接到结构的表面区域的开口侧，使得限定了充满空气的封闭室。定位一个或多个声源以将声波引导通过封闭室中的空气并朝向表面区域。为了激活和控制每个声源，向其施加脉冲信号。聚焦在表面区域的红外成像器检测表面区域的热图像。数据采集装置与脉冲信号的每个脉冲同步地记录热图像，从而产生时间序列的热图像。为了提高灵敏度和/或可重复性，表面区域的声音和/或振动可以用于施加到声源的脉冲信号的反馈控制。

7. 发明授权

US06712502B2 Synchronized electronic shutter system and method for thermal nondestructive evaluation 失效
标题翻译：同步电子快门系统和热无损评估方法
公开(公告)号：US06712502B2
公开(公告)日：2004-03-30
申请号：US10120225
申请日：2002-04-10
申请人： Joseph N. Zalameda , William P. Winfree
发明人： Joseph N. Zalameda , William P. Winfree
IPC分类号： G01N2572
CPC分类号： G01J5/62 , G01J2005/0077 , G01N25/72
摘要： The invention is a synchronized electronic shutter system (SESS) and method for same side and through transmission thermal analysis and inspection of a material for finding defects, corrosion, disbond defects, integrity of a weld and determination of paint thickness. The system comprises an infrared detector that acquires background images of the sample. A shutter then covers the detector and lamps rapidly heat the sample above ambient temperature. Shutters cover all lamps at the same time the shutter over the infrared detector is opened. The infrared detector acquires a series of temperature images over time radiated from the sample as the sample cools down. After collecting a series of temperature images taken by the SESS, a processed image is developed using one of the group comprising time derivative calculation, temperature normalization data reduction routine, thermal diffusivity curve fitting and averaging the series of temperature images.
摘要翻译：本发明是同步电子快门系统（SESS）和方法，用于相同侧面和透射热分析和检查用于发现缺陷，腐蚀，剥离缺陷，焊接完整性和油漆厚度确定的材料。该系统包括获取样本的背景图像的红外检测器。然后快门覆盖检测器，灯将样品快速加热到环境温度以上。百叶窗同时覆盖所有灯泡，同时打开红外探测器上的快门。当样品冷却时，红外检测器从样品中随时间获取一系列温度图像。在收集SESS拍摄的一系列温度图像后，使用时间导数计算，温度归一化数据缩减程序，热扩散曲线拟合和对一系列温度图像进行平均的组中的一个进行处理。

8. 发明授权

US06000844A Method and apparatus for the portable identification of material thickness and defects using spatially controlled heat application 失效
标题翻译：使用空间控制的热应用便携式识别材料厚度和缺陷的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06000844A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-14
申请号：US810058
申请日：1997-03-04
申请人： K. Elliott Cramer , William P. Winfree
发明人： K. Elliott Cramer , William P. Winfree
IPC分类号： G01N25/72
CPC分类号： G01N25/72
摘要： A method and a portable apparatus for the nondestructive identification of defects in structures. The apparatus comprises a heat source (20) and a thermal imager (30) that move at a constant speed past a test surface (10) of a structure. The thermal imager (30) is off set at a predetermined distance from the heat source (10). The heat source (10) induces a constant surface temperature. The imager (20) follows the heat source (10) and produces a video image of the thermal characteristics of the test surface. Material defects produce deviations from the constant surface temperature that move at the inverse of the constant speed. Thermal noise produces deviations that move at random speed. Computer averaging of the digitized thermal image data with respect to the constant speed minimizes noise and improves the signal of valid defects. The motion of thermographic equipment coupled with the high signal to noise ratio render it suitable for portable, on site analysis.
摘要翻译：一种用于非破坏性识别结构缺陷的方法和便携式设备。该装置包括以恒定速度移动经过结构的测试表面（10）的热源（20）和热像仪（30）。热成像仪（30）被设定在离热源（10）预定距离处。热源（10）引起恒定的表面温度。成像器（20）跟随热源（10）并产生测试表面的热特性的视频图像。材料缺陷产生与恒定速度相反移动的恒定表面温度的偏差。热噪声产生以随机速度移动的偏差。相对于恒定速度的数字化热图像数据的计算机平均使噪声最小化并改善有效缺陷的信号。热成像设备的运动与高信噪比相结合，使其适用于便携式现场分析。

9. 发明授权

US5338826A Structures from low dielectric polyimides 失效
标题翻译：低介电聚酰亚胺的结构
公开(公告)号：US5338826A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-16
申请号：US954108
申请日：1992-09-28
申请人： Anne K. St. Clair , Terry L. St. Clair , William P. Winfree
发明人： Anne K. St. Clair , Terry L. St. Clair , William P. Winfree
IPC分类号： C08G73/10 , B05D5/06 , B32B27/00
CPC分类号： C08G73/1007 , Y10T428/31681 , Y10T428/31721
摘要： A structure which is effective as an electrical insulator or as a transmitter-receiver of electromagnetic energy is prepared by providing a suitable substrate and covering the substrate with an adhering layer of a low dielectric, high temperature, linear aromatic polyimide. This polyimide is prepared by:(1) selecting aromatic diamine and aromatic dianhydride reactants to meet at least two of the following three conditions:(a) a reactant must have minimal permanent or inducible electrical dipolar characteristics as a result of the presence of pendant or bridging groups therein;(b) a reactant must impart a high degree of free volume to the polymer caused by inefficient chain packing therein in the solid state as a result of the presence of pendant or bridging groups therein; and(c) a reactant must have fluorine atoms chemically attached thereto; and(2) chemically combining equimolar quantities of the aromatic diamine and aromatic dianhydride reactants in a solvent to form a high molecular weight polyamic acid solution, and converting the high molecular weight polyamic acid to the corresponding low dielectric, high temperature linear aromatic polyimide.
摘要翻译：作为电绝缘体或作为电磁能的发射器 - 接收器有效的结构通过提供合适的衬底并用低电介质，高温线性芳族聚酰亚胺的粘附层覆盖衬底来制备。该聚酰亚胺通过以下方法制备：（1）选择芳族二胺和芳族二酐反应物以满足以下三个条件中的至少两个：（a）反应物必须具有最小的永久或可诱导的电偶极特性，这是由于存在侧基或桥接基团; （b）由于在其中存在侧基或桥连基团，反应物必须赋予聚合物在固态中由于无效的链填料而导致的高度的自由体积; 和（c）反应物必须具有化学连接的氟原子; 和（2）将等摩尔量的芳族二胺和芳族二酐反应物在溶剂中化学组合以形成高分子量聚酰胺酸溶液，并将高分子量聚酰胺酸转化为相应的低电介质，高温线性芳族聚酰亚胺。

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