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1. 发明授权

US4247074A Casting mold for aluminothermically welding rails together 失效
标题翻译：铸铝模具用于铝合金焊接导轨
公开(公告)号：US4247074A
公开(公告)日：1981-01-27
申请号：US67410
申请日：1979-08-17
申请人： Josef Stratmann , Wilfried Moring , Gerhard Skreba
发明人： Josef Stratmann , Wilfried Moring , Gerhard Skreba
IPC分类号： B23K23/00 , E01B11/52 , B22D19/04
CPC分类号： B23K23/00 , E01B11/52 , B23K2201/26
摘要： This invention relates to a prefabricated casting mold for aluminothermically welding rail ends spaced apart by a gap while simultaneously welding shut a fishplate hole in the region of each rail end, comprising two mold halves which, when assembled, form a cavity adapted to enclose the rail ends and being so widened in the region of the rail web and in the longitudinal direction of the rails that the two fishplate holes are located within the cavity, a pair of riser channels in each mold half, at least one of the riser channels in each half issuing centrally into the rail base region of the casting mold cavity and having at least one means of communication with the casting mold cavity in the rail web region, and the other of the riser channels in each mold half communicating with the casting mold cavity in the vicinity of a fishplate hole.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种预热铸造模具，用于铝制热焊接由间隙间隔开的轨道端部，同时焊接在每个轨道端部的区域中封闭一个鱼板孔，包括两个半模，其组装时形成适于封闭轨道端部并且在轨道的区域中和在轨道的纵向方向上变宽，使得两个鱼板孔位于空腔内，每个半模具中的一对提升通道，每个上升管通道中的至少一个半中心地放置在铸模腔的轨道基部区域中，并且具有至少一个与轨道网区域中的铸模腔连通的装置，并且每个模具中的另一个提升管通道与铸模腔相通鱼板孔附近。

2. 发明授权

US4522322A Self-opening closure for a casting crucible used in aluminothermic reactions 失效
标题翻译：用于铝热反应的铸造坩埚的自开封闭
公开(公告)号：US4522322A
公开(公告)日：1985-06-11
申请号：US471689
申请日：1983-03-03
申请人： Hans Guntermann , Gerhard Skreba
发明人： Hans Guntermann , Gerhard Skreba
IPC分类号： B23K23/00 , F27B9/16 , F27B14/00 , B22D41/08
CPC分类号： B23K23/00
摘要： A self-opening closure for casting crucibles used in aluminothermic reactions and made of a high mechanical-strength, high boiling point inorganic material producing no gases when heated, the closure being composed of one or more sealing disk(s) made of a fibrous aluminum silicate, the ratio of the total thickness of the sealing disk(s) to its (their) diameter being 1:5 to 1:1, the melting point of the aluminum silicate being equal to or exceeding 1650.degree. C., and a metal plate between 0.1 and 3 mm thick mounted on the sealing disk(s).
摘要翻译：用于铝热反应中的用于铸造坩埚的自开封闭盖，由加热时不产生气体的高机械强度，高沸点无机材料制成，封闭件由一个或多个由纤维状铝制成的密封盘硅酸盐，密封盘的总厚度与其（直径）的比例为1:5至1:1，硅酸铝的熔点等于或超过1650℃，金属安装在密封盘上的厚度在0.1和3mm之间的板。

3. 发明授权

US5850962A Casting mold for fusion welding of two workpieces 失效
标题翻译：铸造模具用于两个工件的熔焊
公开(公告)号：US5850962A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-22
申请号：US859176
申请日：1997-05-20
申请人： Frank Kuster , Gerhard Skreba , Michael Steinhorst
发明人： Frank Kuster , Gerhard Skreba , Michael Steinhorst
IPC分类号： B23K23/00 , B23K37/00
CPC分类号： B23K23/00
摘要： In order to reduce the residual stresses which occur in the region of a fusion weld of two rail ends (1,2), in order to reduce, in particular to make uniform, the cooling-down rate and--associated with this--the crystallization process within the solidifying weld material, a casting mold is proposed which is equipped with a system of risers (9) and air vents (10) which are designed symmetrically with respect to a longitudinal center plane (5) and a transverse center plane (3) of the welded joint, the risers (9) and the air vents (10) being physically distributed as a function of geometric parameters of the rail foot (8) and of the weld bead (4), and the cross sections of the air vents (10) being dimensioned as a function of the cross sections of the risers (9). The positioning of the air vents (10) and of the risers (9) according to the invention in conjunction with the cross-sectional dimensioning of the former allows cooling conditions to be set up in which the weld material is effectively prevented from solidification starting on the outside with respect to the rail profile, and in which a considerable reduction in the residual stresses can be achieved, with the cooling process being slowed down overall.
摘要翻译：为了减少在两个轨端（1,2）的熔焊区域中发生的残余应力，为了减少，特别是使均匀的冷却速率和与其结合的结晶在凝固焊接材料中的工艺，提出了一种铸造模具，其配备有相对于纵向中心平面（5）和横向中心平面（3）对称设计的立管（9）和通风口（10）的系统），所述立管（9）和所述通风口（10）根据所述轨道脚（8）和所述焊道（4）的几何参数的物理分布，并且所述空气的横截面通风口（10）的尺寸被确定为提升管（9）的横截面的函数。根据本发明的通风口（10）和提升管（9）的定位与前者的横截面尺寸相结合允许设置冷却条件，其中可以有效地防止焊接材料从固化开始外部相对于轨道轮廓，并且其中可以实现残余应力的显着降低，同时冷却过程总体上减慢。

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