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1. 发明授权

US5343506A Nuclear reactor installation with a core catcher device and method for exterior cooling of the latter by natural circulation 失效
标题翻译：具有核心捕集装置的核反应堆装置和通过自然循环进行外部冷却的方法
公开(公告)号：US5343506A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-30
申请号：US80405
申请日：1993-06-21
申请人： Josef Artnik , Dietmar Bittermann , Jurgen Eyink , Ulrich Fischer , Andreas Gobel , Sieghard Hellmann , Wolfgang Kohler , Walter Korn , Hermann Plank , Manfred Scholz , Horst Weisshaupl
发明人： Josef Artnik , Dietmar Bittermann , Jurgen Eyink , Ulrich Fischer , Andreas Gobel , Sieghard Hellmann , Wolfgang Kohler , Walter Korn , Hermann Plank , Manfred Scholz , Horst Weisshaupl
IPC分类号： G21C9/016 , B01F5/06 , F28F3/04 , G21C15/18
CPC分类号： G21C15/18 , B01F5/061 , F28F3/04 , G21C9/016 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A nuclear reactor installation includes a reactor pressure vessel and a reactor core in the reactor pressure vessel. A supporting and protective structure supporting the reactor pressure vessel and surrounding the reactor pressure vessel on the bottom and laterally, has a bottom region and a circumferential wall. A core catcher device for the reactor core has a collecting basin for a core melt being installed below the reactor pressure vessel. The collecting basin has a bottom wall and a jacket wall being respectively separated from the bottom region and the circumferential wall of the supporting and protective structure by a spacing gap. Cooling channels are disposed in the spacing gap at the bottom wall and the jacket wall for exterior cooling of the collecting basin with a cooling liquid. Turbulence bodies are disposed in a surface region of the bottom wall for generating a turbulent flow of the cooling liquid flowing from the inside to the outside over the bottom wall toward the jacket wall. There is also a method for starting and maintaining exterior cooling of a core catcher device of a nuclear reactor installation.
摘要翻译：核反应堆装置包括反应堆压力容器和反应堆压力容器中的反应堆堆芯。支撑反应堆压力容器并且围绕反应器压力容器在底部和侧面的支撑和保护结构具有底部区域和周向壁。用于反应堆芯的核心捕集装置具有用于芯熔体的集水池，其被安装在反应堆压力容器下方。收集池具有底壁和夹套壁，分别通过间隔间隙从支撑和保护结构的底部区域和周壁分开。冷却通道设置在底壁和夹套壁上的间隔间隙中，用于冷却液体的收集池的外部冷却。湍流体设置在底壁的表面区域中，用于产生冷却液从内侧向外侧流过底壁朝向夹套壁的湍流。还有一种用于启动和维持核反应堆装置的核心捕集装置的外部冷却的方法。

2. 发明授权

US5867548A Device and method for collecting and cooling reactor-meltdown products 失效
标题翻译：用于收集和冷却反应堆崩溃产品的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5867548A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-02
申请号：US569676
申请日：1995-12-08
申请人： Dietmar Bittermann , Andreas Gobel , Gerhard Hau , Hartmut Seidelberger , Horst Weisshaupl , Lothar Wistuba
发明人： Dietmar Bittermann , Andreas Gobel , Gerhard Hau , Hartmut Seidelberger , Horst Weisshaupl , Lothar Wistuba
IPC分类号： G21C9/016
CPC分类号： G21C9/016 , G21Y2002/50 , G21Y2004/30 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A device for collecting and cooling reactor-meltdown products from a reactor pressure vessel includes an antechamber disposed below the reactor pressure vessel and an expansion chamber for the reactor-meltdown products. A channel which is disposed between the antechamber and the expansion chamber has a partition being destructible by the reactor-meltdown products. A closure element which connects a coolant reservoir to the expansion chamber is destructible by the reactor-meltdown products. A method for collecting and cooling reactor-meltdown products from a reactor pressure vessel includes collecting reactor-meltdown products in an antechamber disposed below the reactor pressure vessel and keeping them in the antechamber for a predetermined time interval. A partition disposed between the antechamber and an expansion chamber is destroyed with the reactor-meltdown products. The reactor-meltdown products penetrate from the antechamber into the expansion chamber and are spread in the expansion chamber. A closure element is destroyed with the reactor-meltdown products in the expansion chamber, for connecting a coolant reservoir to the expansion chamber and permitting coolant to flow into the expansion chamber where it cools the reactor-meltdown products.
摘要翻译：用于从反应堆压力容器收集和冷却反应堆熔化产物的装置包括设置在反应堆压力容器下方的前室和用于反应器熔化产物的膨胀室。设置在前室和膨胀室之间的通道具有可被反应器熔化产物破坏的隔板。将冷却剂储存器连接到膨胀室的封闭元件可被反应器熔化产物破坏。用于从反应堆压力容器收集和冷却反应器熔化产物的方法包括在反应堆压力容器下方的前室中收集反应器熔化产物并将其保持在前厅中预定的时间间隔。设置在前厅和膨胀室之间的隔板被反应器熔化的产品破坏。反应器熔化产物从前室渗透到膨胀室中并扩散在膨胀室中。闭合元件在膨胀室中的反应器熔化产物被破坏，用于将冷却剂储存器连接到膨胀室，并允许冷却剂流入膨胀室，在那里其冷却反应器熔化产物。

3. 发明授权

US5907588A Device for collecting core melt from a reactor pressure vessel 失效
标题翻译：用于从反应堆压力容器收集芯熔体的装置
公开(公告)号：US5907588A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-25
申请号：US944841
申请日：1997-10-06
申请人： Manfred Fischer , Dietmar Bittermann , Lothar Wistuba , Horst Weisshaupl
发明人： Manfred Fischer , Dietmar Bittermann , Lothar Wistuba , Horst Weisshaupl
IPC分类号： G21C9/016
CPC分类号： G21C9/016 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A device for collecting core melt from a reactor pressure vessel improves a flow of the core melt out of the reactor pressure vessel. A prechamber is disposed below the reactor pressure vessel and a spreading chamber for the core melt is disposed laterally next to the reactor pressure vessel. The spreading chamber is connected to the prechamber through a channel. A base unit forms a bottom region at least of the prechamber and is made of a material having high thermal conductivity.
摘要翻译：用于从反应器压力容器收集芯熔体的装置改善了芯熔体流出反应器压力容器的流动。预反应器设置在反应堆压力容器的下方，并且用于芯熔体的扩散室横向设置在反应器压力容器的旁边。扩散室通过通道连接到预制室。基部单元至少形成预制室的底部区域，并由具有高导热性的材料制成。

4. 发明授权

US5930319A Nuclear reactor with a core melt propagation space provided with a coolant conduit leading to a coolant reservoir 失效
标题翻译：具有核心熔体传播空间的核反应堆，其具有通向冷却剂储存器的冷却剂导管
公开(公告)号：US5930319A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-27
申请号：US998988
申请日：1997-12-29
申请人： Lothar Wistuba , Gerhard Hau , Dietmar Bittermann , Horst Weisshaupl
发明人： Lothar Wistuba , Gerhard Hau , Dietmar Bittermann , Horst Weisshaupl
IPC分类号： G21C9/016
CPC分类号： G21C9/016 , G21Y2002/207 , G21Y2002/50 , G21Y2004/302 , G21Y2004/303 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A nuclear reactor includes a propagation space for core melt. The propagation space has a coolant conduit leading to a coolant reservoir and a device which opens in a temperature-dependent manner. The coolant conduit in the propagation space is a spray conduit having a spraying area which covers the cross-section of the propagation space over a large area. The device is controlled in such a way that it opens when the core melt enters the propagation space. Spraying gives rise to a crust on the core melt which reduces heat radiation. At the same time, the propagation space fills with a steam atmosphere which drastically reduces the thermal load on building structures.
摘要翻译：核反应堆包括核心熔体的传播空间。传播空间具有通向冷却剂储存器的冷却剂导管和以温度依赖的方式打开的装置。传播空间中的冷却剂导管是具有在大面积上覆盖传播空间的横截面的喷射区域的喷射导管。该装置的控制方式是当芯熔体进入传播空间时打开该装置。喷射会引起核心熔体上的外壳，从而减少热辐射。同时，传播空间充满蒸汽气氛，大大降低了建筑结构的热负荷。

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