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1. 发明申请

US20100283927A1 OLIGOSILOXANE MODIFIED LIQUID CRYSTAL FORMULATIONS AND DEVICES USING SAME 失效
标题翻译：低聚硅氧烷改性液晶配方及使用相同的装置
公开(公告)号：US20100283927A1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-11
申请号：US12738677
申请日：2007-10-19
申请人： Jonathan Paul Hannington , Terry Victor Clapp , Fumito Nishida , Russell Keith King , Omar Farooq , Martin Grasmann , William Alden Crossland , Harry James Coles , Anthony Bernard Davey , Huan Xu , Oliver Hadeler , Mykhaylo Pivnenko
发明人： Jonathan Paul Hannington , Terry Victor Clapp , Fumito Nishida , Russell Keith King , Omar Farooq , Martin Grasmann , William Alden Crossland , Harry James Coles , Anthony Bernard Davey , Huan Xu , Oliver Hadeler , Mykhaylo Pivnenko
IPC分类号： G02F1/136 , C09K19/04
CPC分类号： C09K19/406 , Y10T428/1014
摘要： A liquid crystal formulation is described. The liquid crystal formulation comprises a first oligosiloxane-modified nano-phase segregating liquid crystalline material; and at least one additional material selected from a second oligosiloxane-modified nano-phase segregating liquid crystalline material, non-liquid crystalline oligosiloxane-modified materials, organic liquid crystalline materials, or organic non-liquid crystalline materials, wherein the liquid crystal formulation is nano-phase segregated in the SmC* phase, has an I→SmC* phase transition, with a SmC* temperature range from about 15° C. to about 35° C., has a tilt angle of about 22.5°±6° or about 45°±6°, and has a spontaneous polarization of less than about 50 nC/cm2, and a rotational viscosity of less than about 600 cP. Devices containing liquid crystal formulations are also described. The device has a stable bookshelf geometry, bistable switching, and isothermal electric field alignment, a response time of less than 500 μs when switched between two stable states, and an electric drive field of less than about 30 V/μm.
摘要翻译：描述了液晶配方。液晶制剂包含第一寡硅氧烷改性的纳米相分离液晶材料; 和选自第二寡硅氧烷改性的纳米相分离液晶材料，非液晶低聚硅氧烷改性材料，有机液晶材料或有机非液晶材料中的至少一种附加材料，其中液晶制剂是纳米级在SmC *相中分离的相具有I→SmC *相变，SmC *温度范围为约15℃至约35℃，倾斜角为约22.5°±6°或约 45°±6°，自发极化小于约50cC / cm 2，旋转粘度小于约600cP。还描述了含有液晶制剂的装置。该装置具有稳定的书架几何形状，双稳态切换和等温电场对准，在两个稳定状态之间切换时的响应时间小于500μs，小于约30V /μm的电驱动场。

2. 发明授权

US08368831B2 Oligosiloxane modified liquid crystal formulations and devices using same 失效
标题翻译：低聚硅氧烷改性液晶配方及使用其的装置
公开(公告)号：US08368831B2
公开(公告)日：2013-02-05
申请号：US12738677
申请日：2007-10-19
申请人： Jonathan Paul Hannington , Terry Victor Clapp , Fumito Nishida , Russell Keith King , Omar Farooq , Martin Grasmann , William Alden Crossland , Harry James Coles , Anthony Bernard Davey , Huan Xu , Oliver Hadeler , Mykhaylo Pivnenko
发明人： Jonathan Paul Hannington , Terry Victor Clapp , Fumito Nishida , Russell Keith King , Omar Farooq , Martin Grasmann , William Alden Crossland , Harry James Coles , Anthony Bernard Davey , Huan Xu , Oliver Hadeler , Mykhaylo Pivnenko
IPC分类号： G02F1/136
CPC分类号： C09K19/406 , Y10T428/1014
摘要： A liquid crystal formulation is described. The liquid crystal formulation comprises a first oligosiloxane-modified nano-phase segregating liquid crystalline material; and at least one additional material selected from a second oligosiloxane-modified nano-phase segregating liquid crystalline material, non-liquid crystalline oligosiloxane-modified materials, organic liquid crystalline materials, or organic non-liquid crystalline materials, wherein the liquid crystal formulation is nano-phase segregated in the SmC* phase, has an I→SmC* phase transition, with a SmC* temperature range from about 15° C. to about 35° C., has a tilt angle of about 22.5°±6° or about 45°±6°, and has a spontaneous polarization of less than about 50 nC/cm2, and a rotational viscosity of less than about 600 cP. Devices containing liquid crystal formulations are also described. The device has a stable bookshelf geometry, bistable switching, and isothermal electric field alignment, a response time of less than 500 μs when switched between two stable states, and an electric drive field of less than about 30 V/μm.
摘要翻译：描述了液晶配方。液晶制剂包含第一寡硅氧烷改性的纳米相分离液晶材料; 和选自第二寡硅氧烷改性的纳米相分离液晶材料，非液晶低聚硅氧烷改性材料，有机液晶材料或有机非液晶材料中的至少一种附加材料，其中液晶制剂是纳米级在SmC *相中分离的相具有I→SmC *相变，SmC *温度范围为约15℃至约35℃，倾斜角为约22.5°±6°或约 45°±6°，自发极化小于约50cC / cm 2，旋转粘度小于约600cP。还描述了含有液晶制剂的装置。该装置具有稳定的书架几何形状，双稳态切换和等温电场对准，在两个稳定状态之间切换时的响应时间小于500μs，小于约30V /μm的电驱动场。

3. 发明申请

US20100283925A1 OLIGOSILOXANE MODIFIED LIQUID CRYSTAL FORMULATIONS AND DEVICES USING SAME 有权
标题翻译：低聚硅氧烷改性液晶配方及使用相同的装置
公开(公告)号：US20100283925A1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-11
申请号：US12739445
申请日：2007-10-26
申请人： Jonathan Paul Hannington , Terry Victor Clapp , Fumito Nishida , Russell Keith King , Omar Farooq , Martin Grasmann , William Alden Crossland , Harry James Coles , Anthony Bernard Davey , Huan Xu , Oliver Hadeler , Mykhaylo Pivnenko
发明人： Jonathan Paul Hannington , Terry Victor Clapp , Fumito Nishida , Russell Keith King , Omar Farooq , Martin Grasmann , William Alden Crossland , Harry James Coles , Anthony Bernard Davey , Huan Xu , Oliver Hadeler , Mykhaylo Pivnenko
IPC分类号： G02F1/133 , C09K19/34
CPC分类号： C09K19/406 , Y10T428/10
摘要： A liquid crystal formulation is described. The liquid crystal formulation comprises a first oligosiloxane-modified nano-phase segregating liquid crystalline material; and at least one additional material selected from a second oligosiloxane-modified nano-phase segregating liquid crystalline material, non-liquid crystalline oligosiloxane-modified materials, organic liquid crystalline materials, or non-liquid crystalline materials, wherein the liquid crystal formulation has an I→SmA*→SmC* phase transition, with a SmC* temperature range from about 15° C. to about 35° C., a tilt angle of about 22.5°±6° or about 45°±6°, a spontaneous polarization of less than about 50 nC/cm2., and a rotational viscosity of less than about 600 cP. Devices containing liquid crystal formulations are also described. The device has a stable bookshelf geometry, bistable switching, and isothermal electric field alignment, a response time of less than 500 μs when switched between two stable states, and an electric drive field of less than about 30 V/μm.
摘要翻译：描述了液晶配方。液晶制剂包含第一寡硅氧烷改性的纳米相分离液晶材料; 和选自第二寡硅氧烷改性的纳米相分离液晶材料，非液晶低聚硅氧烷改性材料，有机液晶材料或非液晶材料中的至少一种附加材料，其中液晶组合物具有I →SmA *→SmC *相变，SmC *温度范围为约15℃至约35℃，倾斜角为约22.5°±6°或约45°±6°，自发极化小于约50cC / cm 2，旋转粘度小于约600cP。还描述了含有液晶制剂的装置。该装置具有稳定的书架几何形状，双稳态切换和等温电场对准，在两个稳定状态之间切换时的响应时间小于500μs，小于约30V /μm的电驱动场。

4. 发明申请

US20090185129A1 BISTABLE FERROELECTRIC LIQUID CRYSTAL DEVICES 失效
标题翻译：双电层液晶装置
公开(公告)号：US20090185129A1
公开(公告)日：2009-07-23
申请号：US12296612
申请日：2007-04-12
申请人： Terry Victor Clapp , Fumito Nishida , Jonathan Paul Hannington , Russell Keith King , Omar Farooq , William Alden Crossland , Joo-Nyung Jang , Huan Xu , Anthony Bernard Davey
发明人： Terry Victor Clapp , Fumito Nishida , Jonathan Paul Hannington , Russell Keith King , Omar Farooq , William Alden Crossland , Joo-Nyung Jang , Huan Xu , Anthony Bernard Davey
IPC分类号： G02F1/13 , C09K19/02 , C09K19/00
CPC分类号： C09K19/0225 , C09K19/406 , C09K19/408 , Y10T428/10 , Y10T428/1036
摘要： A liquid crystal electro-optic device. The liquid crystal electro-optic device comprises at least one liquid crystal cell comprising: a pair of substrates having a gap therebetween; a pair of electrodes, the pair of electrodes positioned on one of the substrates or one electrode positioned on each substrate; and a ferroelectric, oligosiloxane liquid crystal material disposed in the gap between the pair of substrates, the ferroelectric, oligosiloxane liquid crystal material exhibiting an I-♦ SmC* phase sequence wherein the liquid crystal electro-optic device is bistable in operation. The invention also involves a method for making a liquid crystal electro-optic device.
摘要翻译：一种液晶电光装置。液晶电光装置包括至少一个液晶单元，包括：一对基板，其间具有间隙; 一对电极，位于一个基板上的一对电极或位于每个基板上的一个电极; 以及设置在一对基板之间的间隙中的铁电性低聚硅氧烷液晶材料，表现出IOS·SmC *相序列的铁电性低聚硅氧烷液晶材料，其中液晶电光器件在工作中是双稳态的。本发明还涉及制造液晶电光器件的方法。

5. 发明授权

US08025937B2 Bistable ferroelectric liquid crystal devices 失效
标题翻译：双稳态铁电液晶装置
公开(公告)号：US08025937B2
公开(公告)日：2011-09-27
申请号：US12296612
申请日：2007-04-12
申请人： Terry Victor Clapp , Fumito Nishida , Jonathan Paul Hannington , Russell Keith King , Omar Farooq , William Alden Crossland , Joo-Nyung Jang , Huan Xu , Anthony Bernard Davey
发明人： Terry Victor Clapp , Fumito Nishida , Jonathan Paul Hannington , Russell Keith King , Omar Farooq , William Alden Crossland , Joo-Nyung Jang , Huan Xu , Anthony Bernard Davey
IPC分类号： C09K19/40 , C09K19/12 , C09K19/20
CPC分类号： C09K19/0225 , C09K19/406 , C09K19/408 , Y10T428/10 , Y10T428/1036
摘要： A liquid crystal electro-optic device. The liquid crystal electro-optic device comprises at least one liquid crystal cell comprising: a pair of substrates having a gap therebetween; a pair of electrodes, the pair of electrodes positioned on one of the substrates or one electrode positioned on each substrate; and a ferroelectric, oligosiloxane liquid crystal material disposed in the gap between the pair of substrates, the ferroelectric, oligosiloxane liquid crystal material exhibiting an I-♦ SmC* phase sequence wherein the liquid crystal electro-optic device is bistable in operation. The invention also involves a method for making a liquid crystal electro-optic device.
摘要翻译：一种液晶电光装置。液晶电光装置包括至少一个液晶单元，包括：一对基板，其间具有间隙; 一对电极，位于一个基板上的一对电极或位于每个基板上的一个电极; 以及设置在一对基板之间的间隙中的铁电性低聚硅氧烷液晶材料，表现出IOS·SmC *相序列的铁电性低聚硅氧烷液晶材料，其中液晶电光器件在工作中是双稳态的。本发明还涉及制造液晶电光器件的方法。

6. 发明授权

US08956548B2 Liquid crystal formulations and structures for smectic A optical devices 有权
标题翻译：用于近晶A光学器件的液晶配方和结构
公开(公告)号：US08956548B2
公开(公告)日：2015-02-17
申请号：US13635334
申请日：2011-03-15
申请人： Terry Victor Clapp , William Alden Crossland , Anthony Bernard Davey , Martin Grasmann , Jonathan Paul Hannington , Russell Keith King , Mikhael Pivnenko , Steven Robson , Huan Xu
发明人： Terry Victor Clapp , William Alden Crossland , Anthony Bernard Davey , Martin Grasmann , Jonathan Paul Hannington , Russell Keith King , Mikhael Pivnenko , Steven Robson , Huan Xu
IPC分类号： C09K19/04 , C09K19/38 , C09K19/54 , C09K19/58 , C09K19/60 , G02F1/137 , C09K19/40 , C09K19/42 , C09K19/52
CPC分类号： C09K19/60 , C09K19/406 , C09K19/408 , C09K19/42 , C09K19/52 , C09K19/54 , C09K19/58 , C09K2019/0444 , G02F1/13781
摘要： The present, invention relates to liquid crystal compositions having a smectic A structure for use in an optical device in which the composition is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes (12-15). In essence the composition includes a siloxane oligomer (component (a)) which may be seen to construct a layered SmA system of particular spacing and “strength”. Within this structure a low molar mass nematic mesogen (component (c)) is provided that may be considered to be that of a “plasticiser” which moderates the layer “strength”, while simultaneously providing tuneability to the properties of the composition, e.g. its refractive index or dielectric anisotropy. The addition of a side chain liquid crystal polysiloxane (component (d)) allows such systems to be further moderated since they can be considered as binding together the la>¾rs, both within a given layer and between layers. An ionic dopant (component (b)) is also included in the composition that migrates through the composition when low frequency electric fields are applied to the composition by the electrodes, thereby disrupting the order to the composition. Order in the composition can be restored by applying a higher frequency field that does not allow the dopant time to migrate significantly. Chromophores may also be included in the formulation.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及具有将组合物夹在一对电极（12-15）之间的光学装置中使用的具有近晶A结构的液晶组合物。本质上该组合物包括硅氧烷低聚物（组分（a）），其可以被看作构建具有特定间距和“强度”的层状SmA体系。在该结构中，提供了低摩尔质量向列型介晶（组分（c）），其可以被认为是调节层“强度”的“增塑剂”，同时为组合物的性质提供可调性，例如。其折射率或介电各向异性。侧链液晶聚硅氧烷（组分（d））的添加允许这种体系进一步缓和，因为它们可以被认为在给定层内和层之间结合在一起。当通过电极将低频电场施加到组合物上时，离子掺杂剂（组分（b））也包括在组合物中迁移通过组合物，从而破坏组合物的顺序。可以通过施加不允许掺杂剂时间显着迁移的较高频率场来恢复组合物中的顺序。发色团也可以包括在制剂中。

7. 发明申请

US20130155340A1 Liquid Crystal Formulations And Structures For Smectic A Optical Devices 有权
标题翻译：液晶配方和结构光电器件
公开(公告)号：US20130155340A1
公开(公告)日：2013-06-20
申请号：US13635334
申请日：2011-03-15
申请人： Terry Victor Clapp , William Alden Crossland , Anthony Bernard Davey , Martin Grasmann , Jonathan Paul Hannington , Russell Keith King , Mikhael Pivnenko , Steven Robson , Huan Xu
发明人： Terry Victor Clapp , William Alden Crossland , Anthony Bernard Davey , Martin Grasmann , Jonathan Paul Hannington , Russell Keith King , Mikhael Pivnenko , Steven Robson , Huan Xu
IPC分类号： C09K19/60 , C09K19/58 , G02F1/137
CPC分类号： C09K19/60 , C09K19/406 , C09K19/408 , C09K19/42 , C09K19/52 , C09K19/54 , C09K19/58 , C09K2019/0444 , G02F1/13781
摘要： The present, invention relates to liquid crystal compositions having a smectic A structure for use in an optical device in which the composition is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes (12-15). In essence the composition includes a siloxane oligomer (component (a)) which may be seen to construct a layered SmA system of particular spacing and “strength”. Within this structure a low molar mass nematic mesogen (component (c)) is provided that may be considered to be that of a “plasticiser” which moderates the layer “strength”, while simultaneously providing tuneability to the properties of the composition, e.g. its refractive index or dielectric anisotropy. The addition of a side chain liquid crystal polysiloxane (component (d)) allows such systems to be further moderated since they can be considered as binding together the la>¾rs, both within a given layer and between layers. An ionic dopant (component (b)) is also included in the composition that migrates through the composition when low frequency electric fields are applied to the composition by the electrodes, thereby disrupting the order to the composition. Order in the composition can be restored by applying a higher frequency field that does not allow the dopant time to migrate significantly. Chromophores may also be included in the formulation.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及具有将组合物夹在一对电极（12-15）之间的光学装置中使用的具有近晶A结构的液晶组合物。本质上该组合物包括硅氧烷低聚物（组分（a）），其可以被看作构建具有特定间距和“强度”的层状SmA体系。在该结构中，提供了低摩尔质量向列型介晶（组分（c）），其可以被认为是调节层“强度”的“增塑剂”，同时为组合物的性质提供可调性，例如。其折射率或介电各向异性。侧链液晶聚硅氧烷（组分（d））的添加允许这种体系进一步缓和，因为它们可以被认为在给定层内和层之间结合在一起。当通过电极将低频电场施加到组合物上时，离子掺杂剂（组分（b））也包括在组合物中迁移通过组合物，从而破坏组合物的顺序。可以通过施加不允许掺杂剂时间显着迁移的较高频率场来恢复组合物中的顺序。发色团也可以包括在制剂中。

8. 发明授权

US06596404B1 Siloxane resins 失效
标题翻译：硅氧烷树脂
公开(公告)号：US06596404B1
公开(公告)日：2003-07-22
申请号：US10121971
申请日：2002-04-15
申请人： John Dean Albaugh , Ronald Paul Boisvert , Duane Raymond Bujalski , Pierre Maurice Chevalier , Russell Keith King , Duan Li Ou , Kai Su , Katsuya Eguchi
发明人： John Dean Albaugh , Ronald Paul Boisvert , Duane Raymond Bujalski , Pierre Maurice Chevalier , Russell Keith King , Duan Li Ou , Kai Su , Katsuya Eguchi
IPC分类号： B32B518
CPC分类号： C09D183/04 , C08G77/12 , C08G77/16 , C08G77/18 , C08G77/24 , C08L83/04 , C09D4/00 , Y10T428/31663 , C08G77/04
摘要： This invention pertains to a siloxane resin composition comprising R1SiO3/2 siloxane units, R2SiO3/2 siloxane units and (R3O)bSiO(4-b)/2 siloxane units wherein R1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbons, hydrogen, or mixtures thereof; R2 is a monovalent organic group having 6 to 30 carbons; R3 is a branched alkyl group having 3 to 30 carbons, b is from 1 to 3; and the siloxane resin contains from 2.5 to 85 mole percent R1SiO3/2 units, 2.5 to 50 mole percent R2SiO3/2 units and 5 to 95 mole percent (R3O)bSiO(4-b)/2 units. The siloxane resin is useful to make insoluble porous resin and insoluble porous coatings. Heating a substrate coated with the siloxane resin at a sufficient temperature effects removal of the R2 and R3O groups to form an insoluble insoluble porous coating having a porosity of 1 to 60 volume percent and a dielectric constant in the range of 1.5 to 3.0.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及包含R1SiO3 / 2硅氧烷单元，R2SiO3 / 2硅氧烷单元和（R3O）bSiO（4-b）/ 2硅氧烷单元的硅氧烷树脂组合物，其中R 1是具有1至5个碳的烷基，氢或其混合物的; R2是碳原子数为6〜30的一价有机基团， R3为碳数为3〜30的支链烷基，b为1〜3，硅氧烷树脂含有2.5〜85摩尔％的R 1 SiO 3/2单元，2.5〜50摩尔％的R 2 SiO 3/2单元和5〜95摩尔％（R3O）bSiO（4-b）/ 2单元。硅氧烷树脂可用于制造不溶性多孔树脂和不溶性多孔涂层。加热涂有硅氧烷树脂的基材在足够的温度下除去R2和R3O基团，形成孔隙率为1至60体积％和介电常数在1.5至3.0范围内的不溶性不溶性多孔涂层。

9. 发明授权

US06313045B1 Nanoporous silicone resins having low dielectric constants and method for preparation 有权
标题翻译：具有低介电常数的纳米多孔硅树脂及其制备方法
公开(公告)号：US06313045B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-06
申请号：US09459331
申请日：1999-12-13
申请人： Bianxiao Zhong , Russell Keith King , Kyuha Chung , Shizhong Zhang
发明人： Bianxiao Zhong , Russell Keith King , Kyuha Chung , Shizhong Zhang
IPC分类号： H01L2131
CPC分类号： C08G77/02 , C08G77/12 , C09D183/04 , Y10S977/70 , Y10S977/831 , Y10S977/891
摘要： Nanoporous silicone resins and silicone resin films having low dielectric constants and a method for preparing such nanoporous silicone resins. The silicone resin comprises the reaction product of a mixture comprising (A) 15-70 mol % of a tetraalkoxysilane described by formula Si(OR1)4, where each R1 is an independently selected alkyl group comprising 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, (B) 12 to 60 mol % of an organosilane described by formula R4SiX3, where R4 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups comprising 1 to about 6 carbon atoms and phenyl and each X is an independently selected hydrolyzable substituent, (C) 15 to 70 mol % of an organotrialkoxysilane described by formula R2Si(OR3)3, where R2 is a hydrocarbon group comprising about 8 to 24 carbon atoms or a substituted hydrocarbon group comprising a hydrocarbon chain having about 8 to 24 carbon atoms and each R3 is an independently selected alkyl group comprising 1 to about 6 carbon atoms; in the presence of (D) water, (E) hydrolysis catalyst, and (F) organic solvent for the reaction product. The silicone resin is cured and heated in preferably an inert atmosphere at a temperature sufficient to effect thermolysis of carbon-carbon bonds of the R2 groups thereby forming a nanoporous silicone resin.
摘要翻译：具有低介电常数的纳米多孔有机硅树脂和有机硅树脂薄膜以及这种纳米多孔硅树脂的制备方法。硅氧烷树脂包括含有（A）15-70mol％四烷氧基硅烷的混合物的反应产物，其中R1是独立选择的含有1至约6个碳原子的烷基，（B）12至60mol％的式中R 4选自包含1至约6个碳原子的烷基和苯基，并且每个X是独立选择的可水解取代基的有机硅烷，（C）15至70mol％由式（I）表示的有机基三烷氧基硅烷其中R 2是包含约8至24个碳原子的烃基或包含具有约8至24个碳原子的烃链的取代烃基，并且每个R 3是独立选择的包含1至约6个碳原子的烷基; 在（D）水，（E）水解催化剂和（F）反应产物的（F）有机溶剂的存在下）。有机硅树脂在优选惰性气氛中在足以实现碳 - 碳键热解的温度下固化和加热的R2基团，从而形成纳米多孔硅树脂。

10. 发明授权

US06281285B1 Silicone resins and process for synthesis 有权
标题翻译：硅树脂及其合成方法
公开(公告)号：US06281285B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-28
申请号：US09328806
申请日：1999-06-09
申请人： Gregory Scott Becker , Leslie Earl Carpenter, II , Russell Keith King , Tetsuyuki Michino , Eric Scott Moyer
发明人： Gregory Scott Becker , Leslie Earl Carpenter, II , Russell Keith King , Tetsuyuki Michino , Eric Scott Moyer
IPC分类号： C08G7708
CPC分类号： C08G77/06
摘要： A method for hydrolyzing chlorosilanes having at least three chlorine atoms bonded to each silicon atom to form silicone resins. The method comprises adding at least one of hydridotrichlorosilane, tetrachlorosilane, or organotrichlorosilane to a two-phase mixture comprising a non-polar organic solvent, an aqueous phase comprising 0 to about 43 weight percent hydrochloric acid, and a surface active compound selected from the group consisting of alkylsulphonic acid hydrate, alkali metal salt of alkylsulphonic acid, arysulphonic acid hydrate, and alkali metal salt of arylsulphonic acid.
摘要翻译：水解具有至少三个氯原子键合到每个硅原子上以形成有机硅树脂的氯硅烷的方法。该方法包括将氢三氯硅烷，四氯硅烷或有机三氯硅烷中的至少一种加入到包含非极性有机溶剂，包含0至约43重量％盐酸的水相和选自下组的表面活性化合物的两相混合物由烷基磺酸水合物，烷基磺酸的碱金属盐，芳香磺酸水合物和芳基磺酸的碱金属盐组成。

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