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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for processing an input 60 field/second video
signal generated by 3232 pulldown to produce an output video signal
    • 用于处理由3232下拉生成的输入60场/第二视频信号以产生输出视频信号的方法和装置
    • US5446497A
    • 1995-08-29
    • US129360
    • 1993-09-30
    • Stephen M. KeatingJohn W. Richards
    • Stephen M. KeatingJohn W. Richards
    • H04N5/7826H04N5/91H04N7/01H04N9/79
    • H04N7/0112Y10S348/911
    • A method of processing an input 60 field/second video signal generated by 3232 pulldown to produce an output video signal, comprises producing from the input signal a series of progressive scan format frames, each frame corresponding to a respective one of the input fields, and comparing blocks of pixels in each progressive scan frame with blocks of pixels in the following frame to derive motion vectors representing the motion of the content of respective blocks between frames. The motion vectors are utilized to monitor the field sequence of the input signal, and fields or frames of the output video signal are produced using input fields or progressive scan frames selected in dependence upon the field sequence of the input signal, at least some of the output fields or frames being produced by motion compensated temporal interpolation utilizing the motion vectors.
    • 一种处理由3232下拉产生的输入60场/第二视频信号以产生输出视频信号的方法,包括从输入信号产生一系列逐行扫描格式帧,每个帧对应于相应的一个输入场,以及 将每个逐行扫描帧中的像素块与随后帧中的像素块进行比较,以导出表示帧之间相应块的内容的运动的运动矢量。 使用运动矢量来监视输入信号的场序列,并且使用根据输入信号的场序列选择的输入场或逐行扫描帧产生输出视频信号的场或帧,至少一些 通过使用运动矢量的运动补偿时间插值产生的输出场或帧。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Image signal processing with digital filtering to minimize aliasing
caused by image manipulation
    • 使用数字滤波进行图像信号处理,以最小化图像处理所造成的干扰
    • US5206919A
    • 1993-04-27
    • US690579
    • 1991-04-24
    • Stephen M. Keating
    • Stephen M. Keating
    • G06T3/00G06T3/40H04N5/262
    • G06T3/00H04N5/2628
    • An image signal processing apparatus has an address generator that generates addresses for successive words of a digital input signal representing an input image to be manipulated. A computation circuit monitors the addresses for successive word sets which each comprise first and second words relatively horizontally spaced in the input image and a third word aligned vertically with the second word, and computes from each set both horizontal and vertical local scaling factors representing the extent of compression in the horizontal and vertical directions of a corresponding local area of the manipulated image. A bandwidth controller is responsive to the successive scaling factors to vary the horizontal and vertical bandwidths of a digital filter which two-dimensionally filters the input image, thereby to minimize aliasing that would be caused by the manipulation of the local areas. The computation circuit computes the scaling factors for each local area such that the horizontal factor corresponds to the length of a line that extends perpendicularly from a line passing through the positions of the second and third words in the manipulated image to the position of the first word and the vertical factor corresponds to the length of a line that extends perpendicularly from a line passing through the positions of the first and second words to the position of the third word.
    • 图像信号处理装置具有地址发生器,该地址发生器产生表示要被操纵的输入图像的数字输入信号的连续字的地址。 计算电路监视连续字集的地址,每个字组包括在输入图像中相对水平间隔的第一和第二字,以及与第二字垂直排列的第三字,并且从每个集合计算表示该范围的水平和垂直局部缩放因子 在受控图像的相应局部区域的水平和垂直方向上的压缩。 带宽控制器响应于连续的缩放因子以改变对输入图像进行二维滤波的数字滤波器的水平和垂直带宽,从而最小化由局部区域的操纵引起的混叠。 计算电路计算每个局部区域的缩放因子,使得水平因子对应于从经过被操纵的图像中的第二和第三个字的位置垂直延伸到第一个字的位置的线的长度 并且垂直因子对应于从通过第一和第二词的位置到第三个词的位置的线垂直延伸的线的长度。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Motion compensated image processing
    • 运动补偿图像处理
    • US5363146A
    • 1994-11-08
    • US18416
    • 1993-02-17
    • Nicholas I. SaundersStephen M. Keating
    • Nicholas I. SaundersStephen M. Keating
    • H04N5/14H04N7/01H04N7/46H04N7/137
    • H04N7/014H04N19/577H04N5/145H04N7/0112
    • A motion compensation image processing apparatus and method for generating motion vectors that represent image motion between a pair of input images from which an output image is derived by motion compensated interpolation. A plurality of motion vectors are generated for each pixel of the output image and it is determined whether respective test blocks of each of the pair of input images, pointed to by each of the plurality of motion vectors, lie partially outside their respective input images. If one or both of the test blocks lies partially outside its respective input image, the degree of correlation between the test blocks is detected by performing a first correlation test on parts of the test blocks lying inside their respective input images. However, if both of the test blocks lie wholly inside their respective input image, the degree of correlation between the test blocks is detected by performing a second correlation test. The motion vector having the highest degree of correlation between the test blocks is selected for motion compensation interpolation.
    • 一种用于产生运动矢量的运动补偿图像处理装置和方法,所述运动矢量表示通过运动补偿插值从中导出输出图像的一对输入图像之间的图像运动。 为输出图像的每个像素生成多个运动矢量,并且确定由多个运动矢量中的每一个指向的一对输入图像中的每一个的各个测试块是否部分地位于它们各自的输入图像之外。 如果测试块中的一个或两个部分位于其相应的输入图像之外,则通过对位于它们各自输入图像内的测试块的部分执行第一相关测试来检测测试块之间的相关程度。 然而,如果两个测试块完全在其各自的输入图像内,则通过执行第二相关测试来检测测试块之间的相关程度。 选择测试块之间具有最高相关度的运动矢量用于运动补偿内插。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Obtaining access to a two-dimensional portion of a digital picture signal
    • 获取数字图像信号的二维部分
    • US5125048A
    • 1992-06-23
    • US482050
    • 1990-02-20
    • Peter J. VirtueStephen M. KeatingDavid J. Hedley
    • Peter J. VirtueStephen M. KeatingDavid J. Hedley
    • H04N5/262G06T1/60H04N7/26H04N7/30H04N7/36H04N7/50
    • G06T1/60H04N19/423H04N19/433H04N19/523H04N19/61H04N19/649
    • Access to a two-dimensional (2-D) portion of a digital picture signal, the signal being made of a plurality of digital words representing respective pixels (P) when, when arranged in a 2-D array, make up the picture, is achieved as follows. The words are allocated into groups such that the pixels (P) represented by the words of each group make up a 2-D area (T0, T1, etc.) of the picture having a shape and size which is the same for all of the groups, the shape being such that the areas tessellate with one another to constitute at least part of the picture. Each word is stored in one of a plurality of memories (M0 to M15), the number of which is equal to the number of pixels (P) in the 2-D area (T0, T1, etc.), such that, for each pixel position in the area, the words from all of the groups representing the pixels having that pixel position in the area are stored in a respective one of the memories. Then, a set of the stored words which represent a set of pixels are read in parallel. The pixels of the set are so positioned relative to one another as to constitute at least some of the pixels (P0 to P15) of a 2-D portion of the picture which is of the same size and shape as the above-mentioned 2-D area (T0, T1, etc.) whereby, even if the pixels of the set are located in different ones of the 2-D areas, the words representing the pixels (P0 to P15) of the set are each stored in a respective different one of the memories (M0 to M15) so that they can be read in parallel.
    • 访问数字图像信号的二维(2-D)部分时,当以2-D阵列排列组成图像时,该信号由表示各个像素(P)的多个数字字组成, 如下实现。 这些字被分配成组,使得由每个组的单词表示的像素(P)构成图像的2-D区域(T0,T1等),其具有与所有图像相同的形状和大小 这些组的形状使得这些区域相互镶嵌以构成图片的至少一部分。 每个字存储在多个存储器(M0至M15)中的一个中,其数量等于2-D区域(T0,T1等)中的像素数(P),使得对于 区域中的每个像素位置,表示具有该区域中的该像素位置的像素的所有组的字被存储在相应的一个存储器中。 然后,并行地读取表示一组像素的一组存储字。 该组的像素相对于彼此如此定位,以便构成图像的2-D部分的至少一些像素(P0至P15),其尺寸和形状与上述2- D区域(T0,T1等),由此即使集合的像素位于2-D区域中的不同区域中,表示集合的像素(P0至P15)的字各自存储在相应的 不同的一个存储器(M0到M15),以便它们可以并行读取。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Digital picture signal processing apparatus
    • 数字图像信号处理装置
    • US5208875A
    • 1993-05-04
    • US883044
    • 1992-05-07
    • Peter J. VirtueStephen M. KeatingDavid J. Hedley
    • Peter J. VirtueStephen M. KeatingDavid J. Hedley
    • G06T1/60H04N7/26H04N7/36
    • H04N19/433G06T1/60H04N19/523
    • A digital picture signal processing apparatus has memories each capable of storing digital words representing respective pixels which, when arranged in a two-dimensional array, make up a picture. A read address generator produces a digital read address identifying the position of a set of the stored words to be read from respective different ones of the memories, the words of the set representing a set of pixels so positioned relative to one another as to constitute at least some of the pixels of a portion of the picture. The read address comprises at least one least significant bit (LSB) for each of the coordinate directions. A digital filter has a number of multipliers equal to the number of words in the set and each being connected to a data bus of a respective memory so as to receive a respective one of the set of words read therefrom, and a plurality of coefficient memories. Each coefficient memory is connected to a respective one of the multipliers and stores all of a plurality of weighting coefficients each appropriate to the position of a respective one of the set of pixels in the picture portion. Each coefficient memory is responsive to the values of the LSBs and to identification of the memory whose data bus is connected to the associated multiplier to supply to that multiplier that one of the coefficients stored therein appropriate to the position in the picture portion of the pixel represented by the word supplied to that multiplier.
    • 数字图像信号处理装置具有各自能够存储表示各个像素的数字字的存储器,当以二维阵列排列时,构成图像。 读取地址生成器产生一个数字读取地址,该数字读取地址识别要从各个不同的存储器读取的存储的字的集合的位置,该集合的字表示相对于彼此定位的一组像素,以构成 图片的一部分的至少一些像素。 读取地址包括用于每个坐标方向的至少一个最低有效位(LSB)。 数字滤波器具有等于集合中的字数并且各自连接到相应存储器的数据总线的多个乘法器,以便接收从其读取的一组字中的相应一个,以及多个系数存储器 。 每个系数存储器连接到相应的一个乘法器,并且存储每个适合于图像部分中的像素组中的相应一个的位置的多个加权系数的全部。 每个系数存储器响应于LSB的值和存储器的识别,其数据总线连接到相关联的乘法器,以向该乘法器提供其中存储的系数之一适合于表示的像素的图像部分中的位置 由提供给该乘数的字。