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1. 发明授权

US4338647A Circuit interrupter with digital trip unit and optically-coupled data input/output system 失效
标题翻译：具有数字跳闸单元和光耦合数据输入/输出系统的断路器
公开(公告)号：US4338647A
公开(公告)日：1982-07-06
申请号：US140627
申请日：1980-04-15
申请人： John T. Wilson , John A. Wafer , Joseph C. Engel , Robert T. Elms
发明人： John T. Wilson , John A. Wafer , Joseph C. Engel , Robert T. Elms
IPC分类号： H02H3/093 , H02H1/00
CPC分类号： H02H1/0069
摘要： A circuit breaker includes a microprocessor-based trip unit having an optically coupled data input/output system. A pulse transformer receives input pulses generated by the execution of instructions in said microcomputer and supplies these pulses to a plurality of optical isolators, thereby reducing the power requirements of the optically isolated interface system to a value sufficient to allow complete operating power to be supplied to the trip unit and the data input/output system from the sensing current transformers within the circuit breaker housing.
摘要翻译：断路器包括具有光耦合数据输入/输出系统的基于微处理器的跳闸单元。脉冲变压器接收通过执行所述微计算机中的指令而产生的输入脉冲，并且将这些脉冲提供给多个光隔离器，从而将光隔离接口系统的功率需求降低到足以允许完整的工作功率被提供给断路单元和数据输入/输出系统中的断路器外壳内的感应电流互感器。

2. 发明授权

US4331999A Circuit interrupter with digital trip unit and power supply 失效
标题翻译：具有数字跳闸单元和电源的断路器
公开(公告)号：US4331999A
公开(公告)日：1982-05-25
申请号：US140626
申请日：1980-04-15
申请人： Joseph C. Engel , John A. Wafer , Robert T. Elms , Gary F. Saletta
发明人： Joseph C. Engel , John A. Wafer , Robert T. Elms , Gary F. Saletta
IPC分类号： H02H3/093 , H02H1/06 , H02H3/04
CPC分类号： H02H1/066
摘要： A circuit breaker includes a microprocessor-based trip unit and a power supply for supplying operating power to the trip unit and the trip coil of the circuit breaker from either the internal current transformers of the circuit breaker or a plurality of external sources. The trip unit includes a numeric display for displaying a sequential series of parameter values under normal conditions. Under low-power conditions, the power supply provides pulses of operating power sufficient to enable the trip unit to execute all of its limit check functions and present a flashing display of a single parameter value.
摘要翻译：断路器包括基于微处理器的跳闸单元和用于从断路器的内部电流互感器或多个外部源向断路单元和断路器的跳闸线圈提供工作电力的电源。跳闸单元包括用于在正常条件下显示一系列参数值的数字显示。在低功率条件下，电源提供足够的工作电源脉冲，使跳闸单元能够执行其所有限位检查功能，并呈现单个参数值的闪烁显示。

3. 发明授权

US4351012A Circuit interrupter with digital trip unit and means to enter trip settings 失效
标题翻译：具有数字跳闸单元的断路器和进入跳闸设置的手段
公开(公告)号：US4351012A
公开(公告)日：1982-09-21
申请号：US140553
申请日：1980-04-15
申请人： Robert T. Elms , Joseph C. Engel , Bernard J. Mercier , Gary F. Saletta , John T. Wilson
发明人： Robert T. Elms , Joseph C. Engel , Bernard J. Mercier , Gary F. Saletta , John T. Wilson
IPC分类号： G05D3/12 , H02H3/00 , H02H3/02 , H02H3/05 , H02H3/093
CPC分类号： H02H3/006 , H01H2071/006
摘要： A circuit breaker includes a digital electronic trip unit having a microprocessor. The front panel of the trip unit includes a potentiometer connected across a reference voltage, and a numeric display device. The potentiometer is adjusted by an operator to enter a value of a parameter defining the time-current characteristic of the circuit breaker. An analog-to-digital converter receives the voltage supplied by the potentiometer and converts it to a digital quantity for use by the microcomputer in performing limit checks with the current flow through the contacts of the breaker. The microcomputer formats the converted digital value of the potentiometer voltage and supplies it to a front panel-visible numeric display so that the value of the potentiometer setting as interpreted by the microcomputer in defining the time-current trip characteristic is presented on the numeric display to provide real-time feedback to the operator as he adjusts the parameter value.
摘要翻译：断路器包括具有微处理器的数字电子跳闸单元。跳闸单元的前面板包括连接在参考电压上的电位器和数字显示装置。电位器由操作者进行调整，以输入定义断路器时间电流特性的参数值。模数转换器接收由电位计提供的电压并将其转换为数字量，供微型计算机使用，并通过断路器的触点进行限流检查。微型计算机对转换后的电位器电压进行格式化并将其提供给前面板可视数字显示屏，以便在数字显示屏上显示由微型计算机解释的电位器设置值，用于定义时间 - 电流跳闸特性在调整参数值时，向操作员提供实时反馈。

4. 发明授权

US4247879A People protecting ground fault circuit breaker utilizing waveform characteristics 失效
标题翻译：利用波形特性保护接地故障断路器
公开(公告)号：US4247879A
公开(公告)日：1981-01-27
申请号：US897885
申请日：1978-04-19
申请人： Robert T. Elms , Joseph C. Engel
发明人： Robert T. Elms , Joseph C. Engel
IPC分类号： H02H3/33 , H02H3/50 , H02H3/44
CPC分类号： H02H3/33 , H02H3/50
摘要： A ground fault circuit breaker is provided which includes means for sensing ground fault current and for analyzing the waveform of the ground fault current. An operating mechanism automatically separates the contacts of the circuit breaker upon detection of ground fault current waveforms corresponding to the waveform of current passing through human skin. In a preferred embodiment, means are provided to synchronously detect the third harmonic component of ground fault current using phase and amplitude information to determine the presence of a ground fault path through human skin. Alternatively, means are provided to sense peak and average values of ground fault current and to trip the breaker whenever the ratio of peak to average ground fault current exceeds a predetermined level. In another alternative, the slope of the ground fault current at zero crossing is detected and compared to the ground fault current peaks. Whenever the ratio of peak current to zero crossing slope exceeds a predetermined level, the mechanism of the breaker is tripped.
摘要翻译：提供了一种接地故障断路器，它包括用于检测接地故障电流和分析接地故障电流波形的装置。检测到与通过人体皮肤的电流波形相对应的接地故障电流波形时，操作机构自动分离断路器的触点。在优选实施例中，提供了使用相位和幅度信息来同步地检测接地故障电流的三次谐波分量的装置，以确定通过人体皮肤的接地故障路径的存在。或者，提供用于感测接地故障电流的峰值和平均值并且每当峰值对平均接地故障电流的比率超过预定水平时跳闸断路器的装置。在另一种选择中，检测过零点的接地故障电流的斜率，并将其与接地故障电流峰值进行比较。每当峰值电流与零交叉斜率的比率超过预定值时，断路器的机构跳闸。

5. 发明授权

US5384712A Energy monitoring system for a plurality of local stations with snapshot polling from a central station 失效
标题翻译：用于具有来自中心站的快照轮询的多个本地站的能量监视系统
公开(公告)号：US5384712A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-24
申请号：US746019
申请日：1991-08-15
申请人： David M. Oravetz , Robert T. Elms , Joseph C. Engel , Frank Klancher , Thomas J. Kenny
发明人： David M. Oravetz , Robert T. Elms , Joseph C. Engel , Frank Klancher , Thomas J. Kenny
IPC分类号： G01R21/133 , G01R21/00 , G01R22/00
CPC分类号： G01R21/133
摘要： A PC computer monitors the energy consumed at a plurality of local stations placed behind the electrical meter of the utility company for individual billing of the local users, a bidirectional communication line being used therebetween. A command from the PC computer causes at each station the totalized energy to be stored, and thereafter the PC computer derives individually the results for separate estimations and central billing.
摘要翻译： PC计算机监视位于公用事业公司的电表之后的多个本地电台的能量消耗，用于本地用户的单独计费，其间使用双向通信线路。来自PC计算机的命令导致每个站的总能量被存储，然后PC计算机分别得出结果以进行单独的估计和中央计费。

6. 发明授权

US4734639A Master metering module with voltage selector 失效
标题翻译：带电压选择器的主计量模块
公开(公告)号：US4734639A
公开(公告)日：1988-03-29
申请号：US868834
申请日：1986-05-29
申请人： Gary F. Saletta , Daniel P. Orange , Joseph C. Engel , Denis A. Mueller , Robert T. Elms
发明人： Gary F. Saletta , Daniel P. Orange , Joseph C. Engel , Denis A. Mueller , Robert T. Elms
IPC分类号： G01R19/25 , G01R19/00
CPC分类号： G01R19/25
摘要： A master metering module is taught which utilizes a programmed microprocessor and externally operated switches to alert the module as to what kind of system is being monitored thereby. For example, is the system being monitored a .DELTA.-connected electrical system or a Y-connected electrical system. This is useful in providing output indications of line-to-line voltage or line-to-neutral voltage, for example. When measuring voltages whether line-to-line or line-to-neutral one voltage value is substituted from another. A differential amplifier is utilized to do this. In one case the differential amplifier subtracts one line voltage from another line voltage, but in another case it subtracts neutral or zero ground potential from a line voltage. A switching arrangement is provided which interconnects one terminal of the differential amplifier with the neutral input terminal and with a line input terminal through appropriate conditioning of the microprocessor.
摘要翻译：教授了一种主计量模块，其使用编程的微处理器和外部操作的开关来向模块警告由此监控什么样的系统。例如，正在监视的系统是DELTA连接的电气系统或Y连接的电气系统。这在例如提供线对线电压或线对中性电压的输出指示中是有用的。当测量电压是否从另一个代替线对线或中线一个电压值时。使用差分放大器来做到这一点。在一种情况下，差分放大器从另一条线路电压中减去一条线路电压，但在另一种情况下，它会从一条线路电压中减去中性点或零点地电位。提供了一种开关装置，其通过微处理器的适当调节将差分放大器的一个端子与空载输入端子和线路输入端子相互连接。

7. 发明授权

US06720872B1 Ground fault/arc fault circuit interrupter and method of testing the same with a test button and a reset button 有权
标题翻译：接地故障/电弧故障电路中断器和测试方法与测试按钮和复位按钮相同
公开(公告)号：US06720872B1
公开(公告)日：2004-04-13
申请号：US10197647
申请日：2002-07-16
申请人： Joseph C. Engel , Robert T. Elms , John C. Schlotterer
发明人： Joseph C. Engel , Robert T. Elms , John C. Schlotterer
IPC分类号： G08B2900
CPC分类号： H02H3/334 , H01H83/04 , H01H2083/201
摘要： An arc fault/ground fault circuit interrupter for a power circuit includes a line terminal; a load terminal; and separable contacts electrically connected between the line and load terminals. An operating mechanism opens the separable contacts and has a closed position for closing the separable contacts. A trip mechanism cooperates with the operating mechanism to trip open the separable contacts. A ground fault protection circuit is operatively associated with the power circuit. An arc fault protection circuit is also operatively associated with the power circuit. A circuit tests the ground fault protection circuit, tests the arc fault protection circuit, and restores the operating mechanism to the closed position responsive to sequential activation of test and reset buttons.
摘要翻译：电源电路的电弧故障/接地故障电路断路器包括线路终端; 负载端子; 以及电连接在线路和负载端子之间的可分离触点。操作机构打开可分离触点并且具有用于闭合可分离触点的闭合位置。跳闸机构与操作机构配合以使可分离触点断开。接地故障保护电路与电源电路可操作地相关联。电弧故障保护电路也可操作地与电源电路相关联。电路测试接地故障保护电路，测试电弧故障保护电路，并根据测试和复位按钮的顺序激活将操作机构恢复到关闭位置。

8. 发明授权

US5315531A Energy monitoring system for a plurality of local stations with snapshot polling from a central station 失效
标题翻译：用于具有来自中心站的快照轮询的多个本地站的能量监视系统
公开(公告)号：US5315531A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-24
申请号：US915171
申请日：1992-07-15
申请人： David M. Oravetz , Robert T. Elms , Joseph C. Engel , Frank Klancher , Thomas J. Kenny
发明人： David M. Oravetz , Robert T. Elms , Joseph C. Engel , Frank Klancher , Thomas J. Kenny
IPC分类号： G01R21/133 , G01R21/00 , G01R22/00 , G08C25/00 , H05K11/00
CPC分类号： G01R21/133
摘要： A PC computer monitors the energy, power, voltage, and current consumed at a plurality of local stations placed behind the electrical meter of the utility company for individual billing of the local users, a bidirectional communication line being used therebetween. A command from the PC computer causes at each station the power, voltage, current and totalized energy to be stored, and thereafter the PC computer derives individually the results for separate estimations and central billing.
摘要翻译： PC计算机监视在公用事业公司的电表之后的多个本地电台消耗的能量，功率，电压和电流，用于本地用户的单独计费，其间使用双向通信线路。来自PC机的命令导致每个站的功率，电压，电流和总能量被存储，此后，PC计算机分别得出结果以进行单独的估计和中央计费。

9. 发明授权

US4896105A AC electric energy meter having drive circuit including stepper motor for driving mechanical register 失效
标题翻译：交流电能表具有驱动电路，包括用于驱动机械寄存器的步进电机
公开(公告)号：US4896105A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-23
申请号：US173499
申请日：1988-03-25
申请人： Joseph C. Engel , Robert T. Elms
发明人： Joseph C. Engel , Robert T. Elms
IPC分类号： G01R21/133
CPC分类号： G01R21/133
摘要： An AC electric energy meter is coupled to a source of AC electrical energy and to an AC load. A sensing circuit senses the amount of AC electric energy consumed by the AC electric load. An AC electric energy measuring circuit generates a pulse signal representative of the amount of AC electric energy consumed by the AC electric load. A switching circuit receives the pulse signal from the AC electrical energy measuring circuit and controls current flow from the AC electrical energy source to a stepper motor to drive an output shaft of the stepper motor in a unidirectional manner based on the pulse signal. A register is coupled to the output shaft of the stepper motor for registering the amount of electrical energy consumed by the AC electric load based on the amount of rotation of the output shaft of the stepper motor. The stepper motor includes a core having an air gap, a rotatable permanent magnet positioned in the air gap and a winding wound about the core, for generating a magnetic field across the air gap. The switching circuit controls the direction of current flow through the winding to alternately reverse the polarity of the magnetic field across the air gap, so that the permanent magnet rotates in a unidirectional manner.
摘要翻译： AC电能表耦合到AC电能源和AC负载。感测电路感测交流电负载消耗的交流电能量。 AC电能测量电路产生表示由AC电负载消耗的交流电能量的脉冲信号。开关电路从AC电能测量电路接收脉冲信号，并控制从AC电能源到步进电机的电流，以基于脉冲信号单向地驱动步进电动机的输出轴。寄存器耦合到步进电机的输出轴，用于基于步进电机的输出轴的旋转量来记录AC电负载消耗的电能量。步进电动机包括具有空气间隙的芯，位于气隙中的可旋转永磁体和围绕芯缠绕的绕组，用于在气隙上产生磁场。开关电路控制通过绕组的电流的方向以交替地反转跨越气隙的磁场的极性，使得永磁体以单向方式旋转。

10. 发明授权

US4525650A Starting and operating method and apparatus for discharge lamps 失效
标题翻译：放电灯的启动和运行方法及装置
公开(公告)号：US4525650A
公开(公告)日：1985-06-25
申请号：US569547
申请日：1984-01-10
申请人： John M. Hicks , Joseph C. Engel , Robert J. Spreadbury , Robert T. Elms , Gary F. Saletta
发明人： John M. Hicks , Joseph C. Engel , Robert J. Spreadbury , Robert T. Elms , Gary F. Saletta
IPC分类号： H05B41/282 , H05B37/02
CPC分类号： H05B41/2827 , Y02B20/185 , Y10S315/07
摘要： Starting and operating method and apparatus for discharge lamps comprises a current-limiting and rectifying means which provides at its output a low-ripple current-limited direct current. To effect lamp starting, a series-connected inductor and capacitor form a high "Q" resonant circuit with the capacitor connected across the lamp to be operated. This starting circuit connects through a blocking capacitor and charging resistor across the low-ripple source of DC. A pair of transistors which comprise an oscillator are connected emitter-to-collector across the source of DC, with the common-connected emitter and collector connected to the blocking capacitor. A drive air-core transformer has separate feedback windings in the starting and operating circuits and drive windings are associated with the transistors. A trigger diode is used to initially pulse one of the transistors which initially oscillate to generate square waves having a frequency corresponding to the resonant frequency of the starting circuit. After the lamp strikes, the transistors operate in a self-oscillating mode with the operating frequency determined by the rate of current flow into the operating feedback winding.
摘要翻译：用于放电灯的启动和操作方法和装置包括限流和整流装置，其在其输出端提供低纹波限流直流电流。为了实现灯起动，串联的电感器和电容器形成高“Q”谐振电路，电容器连接在待操作的灯上。该启动电路通过隔离电容器和DC的低纹波源连接充电电阻。包括振荡器的一对晶体管在DC源极之间连接发射极到集电极，共同连接的发射极和集电极连接到阻塞电容器。驱动空心变压器在启动和运行电路中具有单独的反馈绕组，驱动绕组与晶体管相关联。触发二极管用于初始地振荡晶体管中的一个，其初始振荡以产生具有与启动电路的谐振频率对应的频率的方波。在灯点亮之后，晶体管以自振荡模式工作，工作频率由电流流入工作反馈绕组的速率决定。

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