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1. 发明授权

US07796948B2 Method and apparatus for optimizing radio performance through inferred knowledge of indoor-outdoor radio status 有权
标题翻译：通过室内 - 室外无线电状态的推断知识优化无线电性能的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07796948B2
公开(公告)日：2010-09-14
申请号：US11610096
申请日：2006-12-13
申请人： John K. Grosspietsch , Charles A. Backof, Jr. , Lawrence M. Ecklund , Louis J. Vannatta
发明人： John K. Grosspietsch , Charles A. Backof, Jr. , Lawrence M. Ecklund , Louis J. Vannatta
IPC分类号： H04B17/00
CPC分类号： H04B1/005
摘要： Performance of a radio device is optimized by estimating if the device is inside a building. One or more sensors on the radio device are used to measure an environmental quantities relating to the environment of the radio device. The likelihood of the radio device being inside a building is inferred from these measurements. The operation of the radio device then is controlled accordingly. For example, if the radio device is determined to be inside a building, a low operating frequency may be selected for the radio device if a wide area network connection is required, while a high operating frequency may be selected if a local connection is required. An environmental quantity may be, for example, a satellite signal, ambient light, temperature, RF energy, or the response to a test signal emitted by the radio device.
摘要翻译：通过估计设备是否在建筑物内部来优化无线电设备的性能。无线电设备上的一个或多个传感器用于测量与无线电设备的环境有关的环境数量。从这些测量推断出无线电设备在建筑物内的可能性。然后相应地控制无线电设备的操作。例如，如果无线电设备被确定在建筑物内部，则如果需要广域网络连接，则可以为无线电设备选择低操作频率，而如果需要本地连接，则可以选择高操作频率。环境量可以是例如卫星信号，环境光，温度，RF能量或对由无线电设备发射的测试信号的响应。

2. 发明授权

US07970430B2 Method and apparatus for setting and managing operational dynamics within cognitive radio networks 有权
标题翻译：在认知无线电网络内设置和管理运行动态的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07970430B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-28
申请号：US11614403
申请日：2006-12-21
申请人： Charles A. Backof, Jr. , Steven D. Bromley , John D. Bruner , Lawrence M. Ecklund , Steven F. Gillig , John K. Grosspietsch , Whay Chiou Lee , Scott E. Preece
发明人： Charles A. Backof, Jr. , Steven D. Bromley , John D. Bruner , Lawrence M. Ecklund , Steven F. Gillig , John K. Grosspietsch , Whay Chiou Lee , Scott E. Preece
IPC分类号： H04M3/00 , H04M1/00 , H04W24/00
CPC分类号： H04B1/0003
摘要： In certain embodiments, a method for managing operational parameters of a cognitive radio device to minimize non-compliance with a regulatory policy involves sensing a change in an operational condition that will affect compliance with a current operational policy; estimating a time at which the current operational policy will become invalid; selecting a method for determining how to update the current operational policy; and updating the current operational policy of the cognitive radio device. Other embodiments may incorporate more, fewer or other elements.
摘要翻译：在某些实施例中，用于管理认知无线电设备的操作参数以最小化不符合监管策略的方法涉及感测将影响对当前操作策略的遵从的操作条件的变化; 估计当前业务政策将无效的时间; 选择用于确定如何更新当前操作策略的方法; 并更新认知无线电设备的当前操作策略。其他实施例可并入更多，更少或其他元件。

3. 发明授权

US07797263B2 Managing operation of a cognative radio by an authority 有权
标题翻译：管理一个认知无线电的操作
公开(公告)号：US07797263B2
公开(公告)日：2010-09-14
申请号：US11614424
申请日：2006-12-21
申请人： Charles A. Backof, Jr. , Steven D. Bromley , John D. Bruner , Lawrence M. Ecklund , Steven F. Gillig , John K. Grosspietsch , Whay Chiou Lee , Scott E. Preece
发明人： Charles A. Backof, Jr. , Steven D. Bromley , John D. Bruner , Lawrence M. Ecklund , Steven F. Gillig , John K. Grosspietsch , Whay Chiou Lee , Scott E. Preece
IPC分类号： G06F17/00 , G06F19/00
CPC分类号： H04L41/12 , H04L41/0893 , H04W28/18
摘要： In certain embodiments of a cognitive radio, a method of establishing operational policies, involves determining that a new policy decision should be made; requesting a policy decision from an authority having more computing power than the cognitive radio; receiving the policy decision from the authority; and implementing the policy decision in the cognitive radio. Other embodiments may incorporate more, fewer or other elements.
摘要翻译：在认知无线电的某些实施例中，建立操作策略的方法涉及确定应当作出新的策略决策; 从具有比认知无线电更多的计算能力的机构请求政策决定; 接受当局的政策决定; 并在认知无线电中实施政策决定。其他实施例可并入更多，更少或其他元件。

4. 发明授权

US4646326A QAM modulator circuit 失效
标题翻译： QAM调制电路
公开(公告)号：US4646326A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-24
申请号：US543740
申请日：1983-10-20
申请人： Charles A. Backof, Jr. , Mark E. Huntzinger
发明人： Charles A. Backof, Jr. , Mark E. Huntzinger
IPC分类号： H04L27/36 , H04L27/00
CPC分类号： H04L27/365
摘要： A method and means for quadrature amplitude modulation is described. The improved QAM modulator circuit utilizes a small read only memory to hold multiple versions of a signal constellation resulting in the elimination of hardware modulator circuits. In addition, the described device can be potentially any modulation scheme on an input signal which is sampled in time by modifying the contents of said ROM.
摘要翻译：描述用于正交幅度调制的方法和装置。改进的QAM调制器电路利用小的只读存储器来保存信号星座的多个版本，导致消除硬件调制器电路。此外，所描述的装置可以是对通过修改所述ROM的内容在时间上采样的输入信号上的任何调制方案。

5. 发明授权

US5881112A Modulator with baseband to phase converter 失效
标题翻译：具有基带到相位转换器的调制器
公开(公告)号：US5881112A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-09
申请号：US551970
申请日：1995-11-02
申请人： David L. Muri , Charles A. Backof, Jr.
发明人： David L. Muri , Charles A. Backof, Jr.
IPC分类号： H04L27/233 , H04L27/22
CPC分类号： H04L27/2332
摘要： A phase demodulator (101) is used for sensing the phase.sub.-- angle of a phasor represented by the I and Q signals by first producing the analog I and Q signals in a direct conversion receiver (104). A phase generator (106) is used to approximate the angle of the phasor as represented by the I and Q signals by scaling and comparing the magnitudes of the I and Q signals and making decisions based on their relative magnitudes. The scaling includes successive alteration of the magnitude of the I and Q signals.sub.-- depending on their relative magnitudes. A DSP (108) is used to receive this bit stream representation (302) of the phasor and recover the information signal.
摘要翻译：相位解调器（101）用于通过在直接转换接收器（104）中首先产生模拟I和Q信号来感测由I和Q信号表示的相量的相位角。相位发生器（106）用于通过缩放和比较I和Q信号的幅度并根据它们的相对幅度做出决定来近似由I和Q信号表示的相量的角度。缩放包括I和Q信号的幅度的连续变化 - 取决于它们的相对幅度。 DSP（108）用于接收相量的该比特流表示（302）并恢复信息信号。

6. 发明授权

US4446565A CVSD Transmission with improved intelligibility of voice signals 失效
标题翻译： CVSD传输，提高语音信号的清晰度
公开(公告)号：US4446565A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-01
申请号：US221187
申请日：1980-12-30
申请人： Charles A. Backof, Jr.
发明人： Charles A. Backof, Jr.
IPC分类号： H03M3/02 , H03K13/22
CPC分类号： H03M3/024
摘要： Voice signals subjected to differential modulation such as CVSD modulation are made more intelligible by differentiating an electrical analog of the voice signal, clipping peaks of the differentiated signal, integrating the clipped differentiated signal, and applying the integrated signal to a differential modulator such as a CVSD modulator.
摘要翻译：经差分调制（如CVSD调制）的语音信号通过区分语音信号的电气模拟，削波差分信号的峰值，积分限幅微分信号，以及将积分信号应用到诸如CVSD之类的差分调制器调制器。

7. 发明授权

US4174502A Delta modulated digital signal detector 失效
标题翻译： Delta调制数字信号检测器
公开(公告)号：US4174502A
公开(公告)日：1979-11-13
申请号：US951895
申请日：1978-10-16
申请人： Alan L. Wilson , Charles A. Backof, Jr.
发明人： Alan L. Wilson , Charles A. Backof, Jr.
IPC分类号： H04L1/00 , H04B14/06 , H04L1/20 , H03K9/00
CPC分类号： H04B14/062 , H04L1/20
摘要： A detector for delta modulated digital signals is disclosed that provides a signal quality voltage having a magnitude that is indicative of the degree of quality of the detected delta modulated digital signal. The detector totalizes the number of bit transitions occurring in successive N bit intervals. If successive totalized numbers of bit transitions are outside of a predetermined range centered about one-half of N, the detector provides a detect indication signal indicating that the delta modulated digital signal is present. Otherwise, a random or pseudorandom signal such as noise or error bursts may be present. Digital circuitry provides the detect indication signal with a logical high state when successive totalized numbers of bit transitions are outside of the predetermined range, and a logical low state when succesive totalized numbers of bit transitions are within the predetermined range. The detect indication signal may be further integrated and amplified to provide a signal quality voltage which has a magnitude indicative of the quality or signal to noise ratio of the detected delta modulated digital signal. The signal quality voltage may be advantageously utilized in a receiver voting system having a plurality of receivers for selecting the receiver having the highest quality signal.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于增量调制数字信号的检测器，其提供具有指示检测到的增量调制数字信号的质量程度的幅度的信号质量电压。检测器累加在连续的N位间隔中发生的位转换的数量。如果位转换的连续累计数量在以N的大约一半为中心的预定范围之外，则检测器提供指示增量调制数字信号存在的检测指示信号。否则，可能存在诸如噪声或错误突发的随机或伪随机信号。数字电路在连续的总位数转换超出预定范围时提供具有逻辑高状态的检测指示信号，而当连续的总计数位数转换在预定范围内时，逻辑低电平状态。检测指示信号可以进一步积分和放大，以提供信号质量电压，其具有指示所检测的增量调制数字信号的质量或信噪比的幅度。信号质量电压可以有利地用于具有用于选择具有最高质量信号的接收机的多个接收机的接收机投票系统中。

8. 发明授权

US4216463A Programmable digital tone detector 失效
标题翻译：可编程数字音检测器
公开(公告)号：US4216463A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-05
申请号：US932734
申请日：1978-08-10
申请人： Charles A. Backof, Jr. , David S. Robins
发明人： Charles A. Backof, Jr. , David S. Robins
IPC分类号： H04L27/14 , G01R23/167 , G01R25/00 , H03H17/00 , H03K9/04 , H04L27/00 , H04L27/26 , H04Q1/457 , H04Q9/10 , G06F3/05 , H03K13/02
CPC分类号： H04Q1/457
摘要： A plurality of up/down counters are controlled by a programmed digital reference signal. The combination of a high select signal and a high input signal causes any one of the counters to increment (up) by one count while a combination of a high select signal and a low input signal causes any one of the counters to decrement (down) one count. A threshold detector signals on output when a specific combination of the counters reaches a predetermined combination count signifying correlation of the programmed reference with the input tone over a predetermined number of cycles. The phase of the input may be determined by noting which of the counters reaches the predetermined threshold.
摘要翻译：多个上/下计数器由编程的数字参考信号控制。高选择信号和高输入信号的组合使得任一个计数器增加（向上）一个计数，而高选择信号和低输入信号的组合导致任何一个计数器递减（下降）一个计数阈值检测器在计数器的特定组合达到一个预定的组合计数时，对输出信号进行信号，该预定的组合计数表示在预定次数的循环中编程的基准与输入音调的相关性。输入的相位可以通过注意哪个计数器达到预定阈值来确定。

9. 发明授权

US4197502A Digital signal detector 失效
标题翻译：数字信号检测器
公开(公告)号：US4197502A
公开(公告)日：1980-04-08
申请号：US951896
申请日：1978-10-16
申请人： Terence E. Sumner , Charles A. Backof, Jr.
发明人： Terence E. Sumner , Charles A. Backof, Jr.
IPC分类号： H04L25/40 , G01R23/15 , H04L1/20 , H04L7/033 , H04L25/02 , H04Q1/448 , H04B1/10
CPC分类号： H04Q1/4485 , G01R23/155 , H04L1/20
摘要： A digital signal detector is disclosed that detects a serial bit stream transmitted at a predetermined bit frequency. Bit transitions are totallized in a counter over a predetermined time interval. Bit transitions occurring during a good window interval increment the totallized count by one. Bit transitions occurring during a bad window interval decrement the totallized count by one. Bit transitions occurring during a marginal window interval, situated between the good and bad window intervals, do not affect the totallized count. If the counter reaches a predetermined count during the time interval, a detect signal is provided indicating that the digital signal has been detected. The counter can be further loaded with a threshold count for tailoring the digital signal detector for operation at a particular signal-to-noise ratio. Periodic signals that have frequencies that are submultiples of the bit frequency are detected by correlating the digital signal between two predetermined stages of a shift register. The digital signal detector may provide a detector output signal when both the digital signal is detected and periodic signals having submultiple frequencies are not present.
摘要翻译：公开了一种数字信号检测器，其检测以预定位频率发送的串行比特流。位转换在预定时间间隔内在计数器中进行总和。在良好的窗口间隔期间发生的位转换将总计数增加1。在错误窗口间隔期间发生的位转换将总计数减1。在边缘窗口间隔期间发生的位转换位于良好和不良窗口间隔之间，不影响总计数。如果在时间间隔期间计数器达到预定的计数，则提供指示已经检测到数字信号的检测信号。该计数器可以进一步加载阈值计数，用于定制数字信号检测器以在特定信噪比下操作。通过将移位寄存器的两个预定级之间的数字信号相关联来检测具有位频率的次数的频率的周期性信号。当检测到数字信号并且不存在具有多个频率的周期信号时，数字信号检测器可以提供检测器输出信号。

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