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1. 发明授权

US5930489A Microprocessor configured to detect memory operations having data addresses indicative of a boundary between instructions sets 失效
标题翻译：配置为检测具有指示指令集之间的边界的数据地址的存储器操作的微处理器
公开(公告)号：US5930489A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-27
申请号：US599617
申请日：1996-02-09
申请人： John G. Bartkowiak , Thang M. Tran
发明人： John G. Bartkowiak , Thang M. Tran
IPC分类号： G06F9/318 , G06F9/38 , G06F9/30 , G06F9/32 , G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F9/30181 , G06F9/30043 , G06F9/30076 , G06F9/3879
摘要： A microprocessor configured to detect a memory operation having a predefined data address is provided. The predefined data address indicates that subsequent instructions belong to an alternate instruction set. In one embodiment, a second memory operation having the predefined data address indicates that instructions subsequent to the second memory operation belong to the original instruction set. The memory operations effectively provide a boundary between the instructions from dissimilar instruction sets. Instructions are routed to an execution unit configured to execute the instruction set indicated by the most recently detected memory operation having the predefined address. Each instruction sequence within the program may be coded using the instruction set which most efficiently executes the function corresponding to the instruction sequence. The program may be executed more quickly than an equivalent program coded entirely in either instruction set. In one embodiment, the microprocessor executes the x86 instruction set and the ADSP 2171 instruction set.
摘要翻译：提供了一种被配置为检测具有预定数据地址的存储器操作的微处理器。预定义的数据地址指示后续指令属于替代指令集。在一个实施例中，具有预定数据地址的第二存储器操作指示第二存储器操作之后的指令属于原始指令集。存储器操作有效地提供来自不同指令集的指令之间的边界。指令被路由到被配置为执行由具有预定义地址的最近检测到的存储器操作指示的指令集的执行单元。可以使用最有效地执行与指令序列相对应的功能的指令集来对程序内的每个指令序列进行编码。程序可以比完全在任一指令集中编码的等效程序执行得更快。在一个实施例中，微处理器执行x86指令集和ADSP 2171指令集。

2. 发明授权

US06587559B1 Cross-frame dual tone multifrequency detector 失效
标题翻译：跨帧双音多频探测器
公开(公告)号：US06587559B1
公开(公告)日：2003-07-01
申请号：US09159143
申请日：1998-09-23
申请人： John G. Bartkowiak
发明人： John G. Bartkowiak
IPC分类号： H04M157
CPC分类号： H04M1/573
摘要： A signal detector includes a transform unit and a cross-frame energy level unit. The transform unit is adapted to receive at least a first and a second frame of time domain input samples. The transform unit generates at least a first frequency energy value for the first frame and a second frequency energy value for the second frame based on the time domain input samples. The cross-frame energy level unit is adapted to compare the first frequency energy value to the second frequency energy value to determine the presence of a first tone in the time domain input samples. A method for detecting a signal includes receiving at least a first and a second frame of time domain input samples. At least a first frequency energy value for the first frame and a second frequency energy value for the second frame are generated based on the time domain input samples. The first frequency energy value is compared to the second frequency energy value to determine the presence of a first tone in the time domain input samples.
摘要翻译：信号检测器包括变换单元和跨帧能级单元。变换单元适于接收时域输入样本的至少第一和第二帧。变换单元基于时域输入采样，生成第一帧的至少第一频率能量值和第二帧的第二频率能量值。跨帧能级单元适于将第一频率能量值与第二频率能量值进行比较，以确定时域输入采样中的第一音调的存在。一种用于检测信号的方法包括接收时域输入样本的至少第一帧和第二帧。基于时域输入采样，生成用于第一帧的至少第一频率能量值和第二帧的第二频率能量值。将第一频率能量值与第二频率能量值进行比较，以确定时域输入样本中的第一音调的存在。

3. 发明授权

US5694466A DTMF detector system and method which performs improved twist computation and thresholding 失效
标题翻译： DTMF检测器系统和方法进行改进的扭转计算和阈值处理
公开(公告)号：US5694466A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-02
申请号：US588407
申请日：1996-01-18
申请人： Zheng-yi Xie , John G. Bartkowiak
发明人： Zheng-yi Xie , John G. Bartkowiak
IPC分类号： H04Q1/453 , H04Q1/457 , H04M1/50
CPC分类号： H04Q1/453 , H04Q1/457 , H04M7/1295
摘要： An improved dual tone multifrequency (DTMF) or multitone signal detector which more efficiently and reliably detects DTMF signals. The present invention performs twist computations only when the signal has become stable, thus achieving more accuracy and reliability. The DTMF detector receives a plurality of digital samples of a received signal and calculates energy values for each of the plurality of different uncorrelated frequencies. The DSP then determines maximum values of the energy values for each of the two or more frequency groups, referred to as M(1) and M(2), to detect the plurality of tones in the received signal. The DTMF detector then performs improved twist computation and thresholding. The DTMF detector first determines if the M(1) and M(2) values of the respective frame being examined have the same indices. If so, the DTMF detector compares each of the M(1) and M(2) values of the respective frame being examined with the M(1) and M(2) values of the immediately prior frame, referred to as M'(1) and M'(2), and determines if the M(1) and M(2) values of the current frame are greater than the M'(1) and M'(2) values of the prior frame. If the M(1) and M(2) values of the current frame are greater than the M'(1) and M'(2) values of the prior frame, then the DTMF detector calculates a twist value using the maximum energy values M(1) and M(2) for the current frame being examined.
摘要翻译：改进的双音多频（DTMF）或多音信号检测器，可更有效和可靠地检测DTMF信号。本发明仅在信号稳定时进行扭转计算，从而获得更高的精度和可靠性。 DTMF检测器接收接收到的信号的多个数字样本，并计算多个不相关频率中的每一个的能量值。 DSP然后确定称为M（1）和M（2）的两个或更多个频率组中的每一个的能量值的最大值，以检测接收信号中的多个音调。然后DTMF检测器进行改进的扭转计算和阈值处理。 DTMF检测器首先确定被检查的相应帧的M（1）和M（2）值是否具有相同的索引。如果是，则DTMF检测器将被检查的各帧的M（1）和M（2）值中的每一个与紧邻的先前帧的M（1）和M（2）值进行比较，称为M'（ 1）和M'（2），并确定当前帧的M（1）和M（2）值是否大于先前帧的M'（1）和M'（2）值。如果当前帧的M（1）和M（2）值大于先前帧的M'（1）和M'（2）值，则DTMF检测器使用最大能量值计算扭曲值检查当前帧的M（1）和M（2）。

4. 发明授权

US06230255B1 Communications processor for voice band telecommunications 失效
标题翻译：通讯处理器用于语音频段电讯
公开(公告)号：US06230255B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-08
申请号：US07548709
申请日：1990-07-06
申请人： Safdar M. Asghar , John G. Bartkowiak
发明人： Safdar M. Asghar , John G. Bartkowiak
IPC分类号： G06F1516
CPC分类号： G11B7/08529 , G06F9/3879 , G06F15/7842 , G11B5/012 , G11B5/5534 , G11B5/59605 , G11B5/59688 , G11B11/10563 , G11B11/10595 , G11B19/247
摘要： The communications processor of the present invention comprises, in a single integrated circuit chip, the combination of a central processing unit (CPU) having an execution unit with an arithmetic logic unit and accumulators, a program counter, memory, a clock generator, a timer, a bus interface, chip select outputs, and an interrupt processor; a digital signal processor (DSP) having an instruction set to carry out a digital signal processing algorithm, an execution unit for carrying out multiply and accumulate operations and an external interface; an address bus connected between the CPU and the DSP; a data bus connected between the CPU and the DSP; and a static scheduler for statically scheduling execution of the signal processing algorithm between the digital signal processor and the CPU.
摘要翻译：本发明的通信处理器在单个集成电路芯片中包括具有执行单元与算术逻辑单元的中央处理单元（CPU）和累加器的组合，程序计数器，存储器，时钟发生器，定时器，总线接口，片选输出和中断处理器; 具有执行数字信号处理算法的指令集的数字信号处理器（DSP），用于执行乘法和累加操作的执行单元和外部接口; 连接在CPU和DSP之间的地址总线; 连接在CPU和DSP之间的数据总线; 以及用于静态调度数字信号处理器和CPU之间的信号处理算法执行的静态调度器。

5. 发明授权

US5644634A System and method for dual tone multifrequency detection using variable frame widths 失效
标题翻译：使用可变帧宽度进行双音多频检测的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5644634A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-01
申请号：US563973
申请日：1995-11-29
申请人： Zheng-yi Xie , John G. Bartkowiak
发明人： Zheng-yi Xie , John G. Bartkowiak
IPC分类号： H04Q1/453 , H04Q1/457 , H04M3/00
CPC分类号： H04Q1/453 , H04Q1/457 , H04M7/1295
摘要： An improved dual tone multifrequency (DTMF) signal detector which uses the Goertzel DFT algorithm and which utilizes variable or differing frame widths that are frequency dependent for improved detection and reduced error. The DTMF detector includes a codec receiver which receives signals from the transmission media, and a digital signal processor (DSP) coupled to the codec. The DSP receives the digital samples and preferably applies the Goertzel DFT algorithm using differing frame lengths according to the present invention. The DTMF detector utilizes a different frame width for different tones of the possible tone frequencies according to the present invention. Thus the calculation uses a different frame length N for different ones of the uncorrelated frequencies, wherein the different frame lengths comprise at least a subset N of the number of digital samples. The different frame lengths N are designed to optimally align the calculated frequency spectrum at each of the different uncorrelated frequencies. The calculation produces an energy value for each of the different uncorrelated frequencies. The DTMF detector preferably multiplies a gain value with each of the energy values to adjust the gain of each of the energy values. After the frequency domain calculation, i.e., after energy values have been calculated for each of the different uncorrelated frequencies, and after any desired gain adjustment, the DSP determines maximum values of the energy values for each of the two or more frequency groups to detect the plurality of tones in the received signal. The DTMF detector also performs various other calculations to ensure valid tone detection.
摘要翻译：改进的双音多频（DTMF）信号检测器，其使用Goertzel DFT算法，其利用与频率相关的可变或不同的帧宽度，以改善检测和减少误差。 DTMF检测器包括从传输介质接收信号的编解码器接收器和耦合到编解码器的数字信号处理器（DSP）。 DSP接收数字样本，并且优选地根据本发明应用使用不同帧长度的Goertzel DFT算法。根据本发明，DTMF检测器对于可能的音调频率的不同音调使用不同的帧宽度。因此，不同的不相关频率的计算使用不同的帧长度N，其中不同的帧长度至少包括数字样本数量的子集N。不同的帧长度N被设计成在每个不相关的频率下优化对准所计算的频谱。该计算产生每个不相关频率的能量值。 DTMF检测器优选地将增益值与每个能量值相乘以调整每个能量值的增益。在频域计算之后，即，在针对每个不相关的频率计算能量值之后，并且在任何期望的增益调整之后，DSP确定两个或更多个频率组中的每一个的能量值的最大值，以检测接收信号中的多个音调。 DTMF检测器还执行各种其他计算，以确保有效的音调检测。

6. 发明授权

US5507037A Apparatus and method for discriminating signal noise from saturated signals and from high amplitude signals 失效
标题翻译：用于从饱和信号和高幅度信号中识别信号噪声的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5507037A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-09
申请号：US152316
申请日：1993-11-03
申请人： John G. Bartkowiak , Safdar M. Asghar
发明人： John G. Bartkowiak , Safdar M. Asghar
IPC分类号： H03G3/34 , H04B1/10 , H04B1/12 , H04L27/14
CPC分类号： H03G3/344 , H04B1/1027 , H04B1/123
摘要： An apparatus and method are provided for discriminating noise in a received signal. The apparatus comprises a first signal processing means, a second signal processing means, a threshold generating means for generating a threshold value. The first signal processing means generates iteration signal samples and predicted iteration signal samples, compares the iteration signal samples and predicted signal samples to generate a predicted error parameter. The second signal processing means generates a threshold adjustment value based on generated successive iteration signal samples. A logic means logically treats the prediction error parameter, the threshold adjustment value and the threshold value to generate a noise indication value.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于识别接收信号中的噪声的装置和方法。该装置包括第一信号处理装置，第二信号处理装置，用于产生阈值的阈值产生装置。第一信号处理装置产生迭代信号样本和预测的迭代信号样本，比较迭代信号样本和预测信号样本以产生预测误差参数。第二信号处理装置基于生成的连续迭代信号样本产生阈值调整值。逻辑手段逻辑地处理预测误差参数，阈值调整值和阈值以产生噪声指示值。

7. 发明授权

US5369791A Apparatus and method for discriminating and suppressing noise within an incoming signal 失效
标题翻译：用于识别和抑制进入信号内的噪声的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5369791A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-29
申请号：US887076
申请日：1992-05-22
申请人： Safdar M. Asghar , John G. Bartkowiak
发明人： Safdar M. Asghar , John G. Bartkowiak
IPC分类号： H03G3/34 , H04B1/10 , H04B1/12 , H04L27/14
CPC分类号： H03G3/344 , H04B1/1027 , H04B1/123
摘要： An apparatus and method for discriminating and suppressing noise within an incoming signal which provide a first signal processing unit for processing the incoming signal to generate a first iteration signal representing average difference signal level of the incoming signal; a second signal processing unit for processing the first iteration signal to generate a second iteration signal representing specified aspects of the first iteration signal; a prediction unit for generating a predicted value for the second iteration signal from earlier samples of the second iteration signal; a logic unit for determining a threshold difference between the second iteration signal and the predicted value, the logic unit generating a logic output having a first value when the threshold difference exceeds a predetermined threshold value and having a second value when the threshold difference does not exceed the predetermined threshold value; and a muting unit for muting signals which is operatively connected to receive the incoming signal and the logic output, the muting unit responds to the logic output to mute the incoming signal when the logic output is at one value and to not mute the incoming signal when the logic output is at the other value.
摘要翻译：一种用于识别和抑制输入信号内的噪声的装置和方法，其提供用于处理输入信号的第一信号处理单元，以产生表示输入信号的平均差信号电平的第一迭代信号; 第二信号处理单元，用于处理第一迭代信号以产生表示第一迭代信号的特定方面的第二迭代信号; 预测单元，用于从所述第二迭代信号的较早样本生成所述第二迭代信号的预测值; 用于确定第二迭代信号和预测值之间的阈值差的逻辑单元，所述逻辑单元在阈值差超过预定阈值时生成具有第一值的逻辑输出，并且当阈值差不超过阈值差时具有第二值预定阈值; 以及用于静噪信号的静噪单元，其可操作地连接以接收输入信号和逻辑输出，当逻辑输出处于一个值时，静噪单元响应于逻辑输出以静音输入信号，并且当不输入信号时，逻辑输出为另一个值。

8. 发明授权

US5299233A Apparatus and method for attenuating a received signal in response to presence of noise 失效
标题翻译：响应于噪声的存在而衰减接收信号的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5299233A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-29
申请号：US887469
申请日：1992-05-22
申请人： Safdar M. Asghar , John G. Bartkowiak
发明人： Safdar M. Asghar , John G. Bartkowiak
IPC分类号： H03G3/34 , H04B1/10 , H04L27/14 , H03D1/06
CPC分类号： H04B1/1027 , H03G3/344
摘要： A method and apparatus provide a noise detector generating a logic output indicating presence of noise in an incoming signal and an attenuation controller for providing a stepped-response to noise operatively connected to respond to the logic output to record a count of noise detections. The attenuation controller includes an attenuation interval tracking unit for tracking the elapse of clocking intervals defining a predetermined attenuation interval; the attenuation interval tracking unit receives the noise detection signals and generates a decremental count signal for each clocking interval after the attenuation interval has elapsed, the decremental count signal is conveyed to a noise detection counter which alters the count of noise detections indicated by the logic output in response to the decremental count signal, the attenuation interval tracking unit restores the attenuation interval in response to receiving a noise detection; an attenuation signal generator is responsive to the noise detection count signal to set an attenuation factor according to a predetermined relationship between the count of noise detections and the attenuation factor, the attenuation signal being representative of the attenuation factor; and a logic unit for applying the attenuation signal to the incoming signal to attenuate the incoming signal in stepped fashion according to the attenuation factor.
摘要翻译：一种方法和装置提供了一种噪声检测器，其产生指示输入信号中存在噪声的逻辑输出，以及衰减控制器，用于向可操作地连接的噪声提供阶跃响应以响应逻辑输出以记录噪声检测的数量。衰减控制器包括衰减区间跟踪单元，用于跟踪定义预定衰减间隔的时钟间隔的经过; 衰减间隔跟踪单元接收噪声检测信号，并且在经过衰减间隔之后的每个时钟间隔产生递减计数信号，递减计数信号被传送到噪声检测计数器，该计数器改变由逻辑输出指示的噪声检测的计数响应于递减计数信号，衰减间隔跟踪单元响应于接收到噪声检测而恢复衰减间隔; 衰减信号发生器响应于噪声检测计数信号，根据噪声检测计数与衰减因子之间的预定关系来设置衰减因子，衰减信号代表衰减因子; 以及用于将衰减信号应用于输入信号以根据衰减因子以阶梯式衰减输入信号的逻辑单元。

9. 发明授权

US06269160B1 Communications device including an improved CPE alerting signal (CAS) detection system 失效
标题翻译：通信设备包括改进的CPE警报信号（CAS）检测系统
公开(公告)号：US06269160B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-31
申请号：US09062894
申请日：1998-04-20
申请人： John G. Bartkowiak
发明人： John G. Bartkowiak
IPC分类号： H04M100
CPC分类号： H04M1/573 , H04Q1/46
摘要： A communications device is presented including a DTMF detector for detecting a DTMF signal. When the DTMF signal is a Mode 2 Caller ID CAS, the first DTMF tone has a frequency of about 2130 Hz, and the second DTMF tone has a frequency of approximately 2750 Hz. An input signal includes signal energy within a first portion of the input signal frequency range which includes the first DTMF tone, signal energy within a second portion of the input signal frequency range which includes the second DTMF tone, and signal energy within a third portion of the input signal frequency range which excludes the first and second DTMF tones. The DTMF signal detector includes a first and second tone detection units, an extraneous signal detection unit, and detection logic. The first and second tone detection units receive the input signal and produce an output signal dependent upon the signal energy within the respective first and second portions of the input signal frequency range. The extraneous signal detection unit also receives the input signal and produces an output signal dependent upon the signal energy within the third portion of the input signal frequency range. The detection logic receives the output signals produced by the first and second tone detection units and the extraneous signal detection unit, and produces a DTMF detect signal dependent upon the output signals.
摘要翻译：提出了一种通信设备，包括用于检测DTMF信号的DTMF检测器。当DTMF信号是模式2来电显示CAS时，第一DTMF音频的频率约为2130Hz，第二DTMF音频的频率约为2750Hz。输入信号包括在包括第一DTMF音调的输入信号频率范围的第一部分内的信号能量，包括第二DTMF音调的输入信号频率范围的第二部分内的信号能量，以及包括第二DTMF音调的第三部分内的信号能量不包括第一和第二DTMF音调的输入信号频率范围。 DTMF信号检测器包括第一和第二音调检测单元，外部信号检测单元和检测逻辑。第一和第二音调检测单元接收输入信号并产生取决于输入信号频率范围的相应第一和第二部分内的信号能量的输出信号。无关信号检测单元还接收输入信号并根据输入信号频率范围的第三部分内的信号能量产生输出信号。检测逻辑接收由第一和第二音调检测单元和外部信号检测单元产生的输出信号，并产生取决于输出信号的DTMF检测信号。

10. 发明授权

US6046977A Method and apparatus for detecting signal misalignment 有权
标题翻译：检测信号未对准的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6046977A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-04
申请号：US159028
申请日：1998-09-23
申请人： John G. Bartkowiak
发明人： John G. Bartkowiak
IPC分类号： H04M1/57 , H04Q1/457 , H04M3/00
CPC分类号： H04Q1/4575 , H04M1/573
摘要： A signal detector includes a transform unit and a signal alignment unit. The transform unit is adapted to receive a plurality of frames of time domain input samples and generate a plurality of energy values based on the frames of time domain input samples. Each energy value is associated with one of the plurality of frames. The signal alignment unit is adapted to identify at least a first partial energy frame and a second partial energy frame from the plurality of frames. The first partial energy frame is associated with a first frequency and has a first energy value. The second partial energy frame is associated with a second frequency and has a second energy value. The signal alignment unit determines a misalignment between the first and second partial energy frames based on the first and second energy values. A method for detecting a signal is provided. The method includes generating a plurality of energy values based on the frames of time domain input samples. Each energy value is associated with one of the plurality of frames. At least a first partial energy frame and a second partial energy frame are identified from the plurality of frames. The first partial energy frame is associated with a first frequency and has a first energy value. The second partial energy frame is associated with a second frequency and has a second energy value. A misalignment between the first and second partial energy frames is determined based on the first and second energy values.
摘要翻译：信号检测器包括变换单元和信号对准单元。变换单元适于接收多个时域输入样本帧，并且基于时域输入样本的帧产生多个能量值。每个能量值与多个帧中的一个相关联。信号对准单元适于从多个帧中识别至少第一部分能量帧和第二部分能量帧。第一部分能量帧与第一频率相关联并且具有第一能量值。第二部分能量帧与第二频率相关联并且具有第二能量值。信号对准单元基于第一和第二能量值来确定第一和第二部分能量帧之间的未对准。提供一种用于检测信号的方法。该方法包括基于时域输入样本的帧生成多个能量值。每个能量值与多个帧中的一个相关联。从多个帧中识别出至少第一部分能量帧和第二部分能量帧。第一部分能量帧与第一频率相关联并且具有第一能量值。第二部分能量帧与第二频率相关联并且具有第二能量值。基于第一和第二能量值确定第一和第二部分能量帧之间的未对准。

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