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1. 发明授权

US5955749A Light emitting device utilizing a periodic dielectric structure 失效
标题翻译：利用周期性电介质结构的发光器件
公开(公告)号：US5955749A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-21
申请号：US758955
申请日：1996-12-02
申请人： John D. Joannopoulos , Shanhui Fan , Pierre R. Villeneuve , E. Frederick Schubert
发明人： John D. Joannopoulos , Shanhui Fan , Pierre R. Villeneuve , E. Frederick Schubert
IPC分类号： G02B6/122 , H01L33/08 , H01L33/24 , H01L33/00
CPC分类号： H01L33/24 , B82Y20/00 , G02B6/1225 , H01L33/08
摘要： A light emitting device comprising a substrate and a dielectric structure having at least a two-dimensionally periodic variation of dielectric constant which exhibits a spectrum of electromagnetic modes including guided modes of frequencies below a predetermined frequency cutoff and radiation modes of frequencies above and below said predetermined frequency cutoff, the two-dimensionally periodic variation of dielectric constant of the dielectric structure introducing a band gap between the guided modes. A radiation source, such as a quantum well, is associated with said structure, and generates electromagnetic radiation which couples to the radiation modes resulting in radiation extraction from the structure. The band gap allows the radiation to couple to radiation modes rather than to guided modes resulting in radiation extraction from the structure. The structure can be fabricated such that a radiation reflector is disposed between the structure and the substrate.
摘要翻译：一种发光器件，包括具有至少二维周期性介电常数变化的介质结构和电介质结构，所述介电常数表现出包括低于预定频率截止频率的导频模式的电磁模式谱，以及高于和低于所述预定频率的辐射模式频率截止，介电结构的介电常数的二维周期性变化引入引导模式之间的带隙。诸如量子阱的辐射源与所述结构相关联，并且产生耦合到辐射模式的电磁辐射，从而导致来自结构的辐射提取。带隙允许辐射耦合到辐射模式，而不是引导模式，从而导致从结构的辐射提取。该结构可以被制造成使得辐射反射器设置在结构和衬底之间。

2. 发明授权

US6058127A Tunable microcavity and method of using nonlinear materials in a photonic crystal 失效
标题翻译：可调谐微腔和在光子晶体中使用非线性材料的方法
公开(公告)号：US6058127A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-02
申请号：US989432
申请日：1997-12-12
申请人： John D. Joannopoulos , Pierre R. Villeneuve , Shanhui Fan , Daniel S. Abrams
发明人： John D. Joannopoulos , Pierre R. Villeneuve , Shanhui Fan , Daniel S. Abrams
IPC分类号： G02B6/122 , G02F1/015 , G02F1/35 , G02F1/355 , H01Q15/00 , H01S3/08
CPC分类号： H01Q15/006 , B82Y20/00 , G02B6/1225 , G02F1/3501 , G02F1/3551 , G02F1/015 , G02F1/3515 , G02F1/3556 , G02F2001/3507 , G02F2202/32
摘要： A nonlinear dielectric material is incorporated within a photonic crystal as a means of changing the refractive index of a defect. In this way, the resonant frequency can be easily adjusted, after fabrication, by external mechanisms (either optical or electronic). The ability to tune the frequency of a resonant mode is useful for constructing photonic integrated devices, thus the invention enables the use of a photonic-crystal microcavity for such purposes. In one embodiment there is provided a photonic crystal having a periodic dielectric structure, and a defect positioned within the structure to define a microcavity. The defect includes a nonlinear material and being adapted to have an induced variation in index of refraction so as to tune the resonant mode of the microcavity.
摘要翻译：作为改变缺陷折射率的手段，将非线性介电材料并入光子晶体内。通过这种方式，可以通过外部机构（光学或电子）在制造之后容易地调节谐振频率。调谐谐振模式的频率的能力对于构建光子集成器件是有用的，因此本发明使得能够使用光子晶体微腔用于此目的。在一个实施例中，提供了具有周期性电介质结构的光子晶体和位于该结构内以限定微腔的缺陷。该缺陷包括非线性材料并适于具有诱导折射率的变化，以调谐微腔的谐振模式。

3. 发明授权

US06512242B1 Resonant-tunneling electronic transportors 失效
标题翻译：谐振隧道电子运输机
公开(公告)号：US06512242B1
公开(公告)日：2003-01-28
申请号：US09228147
申请日：1999-01-11
申请人： Shanhui Fan , Pierre R. Villeneuve , John D. Joannopoulos
发明人： Shanhui Fan , Pierre R. Villeneuve , John D. Joannopoulos
IPC分类号： H01L2906
CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 , H01L29/125 , H01L29/127 , H01L29/66977 , Y10S977/712 , Y10S977/759 , Y10S977/762 , Y10S977/774 , Y10S977/782
摘要： An electronic transportor that allows for the resonant tunneling of electrons between guided states, such as those found in a quantum wire or a line defect in a solid, and localized states, such as those found in a quantum dot or a point defect in a solid, using lateral coupling. In some embodiments, the transporter allows electrons of different energies to be transported to different ports of associated waveguides. In other embodiments, the transportor allows electrons of different energies to be transported at different phases.
摘要翻译：允许在引导状态之间的电子的谐振隧穿的电子传输器，例如在量子线中发现的或固体中的线缺陷，以及局部状态，例如在量子点中发现的那些或固体中的点缺陷，使用横向耦合。在一些实施方案中，转运体允许将不同能量的电子输送到相关波导的不同端口。在其他实施例中，传送器允许不同能量的电子以不同的相位传输。

4. 发明授权

US5440421A Three-dimensional periodic dielectric structures having photonic bandgaps 失效
标题翻译：具有光子带隙的三维周期介电结构
公开(公告)号：US5440421A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-08
申请号：US240916
申请日：1994-05-10
申请人： Shanhui Fan , Pierre R. Villeneuve , Robert D. Meade , John D. Joannopoulos
发明人： Shanhui Fan , Pierre R. Villeneuve , Robert D. Meade , John D. Joannopoulos
IPC分类号： G02B6/122 , H01Q15/00 , H01L33/00
CPC分类号： H01Q15/006 , B82Y20/00 , G02B6/1225
摘要： A periodic dielectric structure and method of fabricating same, the structure having a three-dimensional photonic bandgap. The structure includes a plurality of layers, each layer having a stratum of a first material having a first dielectric constant and a plurality of parallel grooves along a first axis lying in the plane of the layer, the grooves including a second material having a second dielectric constant; and a plurality of parallel channels formed through the plurality of layers in a second axis orthogonal to the plane of the layers, the channels being adapted to comprise a third material having a third dielectric constant, thereby resulting in the structure having three-dimensional periodicity. In preferred embodiments, the second and third materials include air.
摘要翻译：周期性电介质结构及其制造方法，该结构具有三维光子带隙。该结构包括多个层，每个层具有第一材料的层，具有第一介电常数的层和沿着位于层的平面中的第一轴的多个平行凹槽，所述凹槽包括具有第二介电层的第二材料不变; 以及在与所述层的平面垂直的第二轴上穿过所述多个层形成的多个平行通道，所述通道适于包括具有第三介电常数的第三材料，从而导致所述结构具有三维周期性。在优选实施例中，第二和第三材料包括空气。

5. 发明授权

US06198860B1 Optical waveguide crossings 失效
标题翻译：光波导交叉
公开(公告)号：US06198860B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-06
申请号：US09158455
申请日：1998-09-22
申请人： Steven G. Johnson , Shanhui Fan , Pierre R. Villeneuve , Christina Manolatou , Hermann A. Haus , John D. Joannopoulos
发明人： Steven G. Johnson , Shanhui Fan , Pierre R. Villeneuve , Christina Manolatou , Hermann A. Haus , John D. Joannopoulos
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 , G02B6/1225 , G02B2006/1215
摘要： An optical waveguide structure including a first waveguide, a second waveguide that intersects with the first waveguide, and a photonic crystal resonator system at the intersection of the first and second waveguides. In accordance with another embodiment there is provided an optical waveguide crossing structure including a first waveguide that propagates signals in a first direction, a second waveguide that intersects with the first waveguide and propagates signals in a second direction, and a photonic crystal crossing region at the intersection of the first and second waveguides that prevents crosstalk between the signals of the first and second waveguides. In accordance with another embodiment of the invention there is provided an optical waveguide structure including a first waveguide, a second waveguide, and a resonator system at the intersection of the first and second waveguides, the intersection possessing a first mirror plane that is parallel to the first waveguide, the resonator system supporting a first resonant mode that includes different symmetry with guided modes in the first waveguide with respect to the first mirror plane, the resonator system substantially reduces crosstalk from the second waveguide to said first waveguide.
摘要翻译：包括第一波导，与第一波导相交的第二波导的光波导结构和在第一和第二波导的交叉处的光子晶体谐振器系统。根据另一实施例，提供了一种光波导交叉结构，包括：沿第一方向传播信号的第一波导，与第一波导相交并沿第二方向传播信号的第二波导，以及在第二波导处的光子晶体交叉区第一和第二波导的交点，其防止第一和第二波导的信号之间的串扰。根据本发明的另一实施例，提供了一种光波导结构，其包括第一波导，第二波导和谐振器系统，在第一和第二波导的交叉处，交叉点具有平行于第一波导的第一反射镜平面第一波导，谐振器系统支持第一谐振模式，其包括与第一波导相对于第一镜面平面的引导模式不同的对称性，所述谐振器系统基本上减少了从第二波导到所述第一波导的串扰。

6. 发明授权

US6130969A High efficiency channel drop filter 失效
标题翻译：高效率通道下降滤波器
公开(公告)号：US6130969A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-10
申请号：US968314
申请日：1997-11-12
申请人： Pierre R. Villeneuve , Shanhui Fan , John D. Joannopoulos , Hermann A. Haus
发明人： Pierre R. Villeneuve , Shanhui Fan , John D. Joannopoulos , Hermann A. Haus
IPC分类号： G02B6/12 , G02B6/122 , G02F1/01 , G02F1/313 , G02B6/293
CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 , G02B6/12007 , G02B6/1225 , G02F1/011 , G02F1/3132
摘要： A highly efficient channel drop filter. The filter employs a coupling element including a resonator-system between two waveguides, which contains at least two resonant modes. The resonator-system includes one or more interacting resonant cavities which in addition to being coupled to the waveguides, can also be coupled directly among themselves and indirectly among themselves via the waveguides. Each component of the coupling element can be configured or adjusted individually. The geometry and/or dielectric constant/refractive index of the resonator-system are configured so that the frequencies and decay rates of the resonant modes are made to be substantially the same. The filter can achieve 100% signal transfer between the waveguides at certain frequencies, while completely prohibiting signal transfer at other frequencies. In exemplary embodiments, the filter is configured with photonic crystals. In accordance with alternative embodiments of the invention, there are provided channel drop filter devices with flat-top and straight-sidewall lineshape characteristics. These lineshape characteristics are realized by using several resonances to couple the waveguides, and by designing the relative positioning of the frequency of each resonance with respect to one another.
摘要翻译：高效的通道降滤波器。滤波器采用耦合元件，其包括在两个波导之间的谐振器系统，其包含至少两个谐振模式。谐振器系统包括一个或多个相互作用的谐振腔，除了耦合到波导之外，它们也可以直接耦合到它们之间并通过波导间接地彼此间耦合。耦合元件的每个部件可以单独配置或调整。谐振器系统的几何形状和/或介电常数/折射率被配置为使谐振模式的频率和衰减速率基本上相同。滤波器可以在某些频率下实现波导之间的100％信号传输，同时完全禁止其他频率的信号传输。在示例性实施例中，滤光器配置有光子晶体。根据本发明的替代实施例，提供了具有平顶和直侧壁线条形状特征的通道下落滤波器装置。这些线形特征通过使用多个谐振来耦合波导并且通过设计每个谐振的频率相对于彼此的相对定位来实现。

7. 发明授权

US5600483A Three-dimensional periodic dielectric structures having photonic bandgaps 失效
标题翻译：具有光子带隙的三维周期介电结构
公开(公告)号：US5600483A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-04
申请号：US425510
申请日：1995-04-20
申请人： Shanhui Fan , Pierre R. Villeneuve , John D. Joannopoulos , Robert D. Meade
发明人： Shanhui Fan , Pierre R. Villeneuve , John D. Joannopoulos , Robert D. Meade
IPC分类号： G02B6/122 , H01Q15/00 , H01L33/00
CPC分类号： H01Q15/006 , B82Y20/00 , G02B6/1225
摘要： A periodic dielectric structure and method of fabricating same, the structure having a three-dimensional photonic bandgap. The structure includes a plurality of layers, at least one layer having a stratum of a first material having a first dielectric constant and a plurality of parallel regions along a first axis lying in the plane of the layer, the regions including a second material having a second dielectric constant; and a plurality of parallel channels formed through the plurality of layers in a second axis orthogonal to the plane of the layers, the channels being adapted to comprise a third material having a third dielectric constant, thereby resulting in the structure having three-dimensional periodicity. In preferred embodiments, the second and third materials include air.
摘要翻译：周期性电介质结构及其制造方法，该结构具有三维光子带隙。该结构包括多个层，至少一个层具有第一材料的层，其具有第一介电常数，以及沿着位于该层的平面中的第一轴的多个平行区域，所述区域包括具有第二材料的第二材料，第二介电常数; 以及在与所述层的平面垂直的第二轴上穿过所述多个层形成的多个平行通道，所述通道适于包括具有第三介电常数的第三材料，从而导致所述结构具有三维周期性。在优选实施例中，第二和第三材料包括空气。

8. 发明授权

US5682401A Resonant microcavities employing one-dimensionally periodic dielectric waveguides 失效
标题翻译：采用一维周期性介质波导的谐振微腔
公开(公告)号：US5682401A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-28
申请号：US665529
申请日：1996-06-18
申请人： John D. Joannopoulos , Shanhui Fan , Pierre R. Villeneuve , Robert D. Meade
发明人： John D. Joannopoulos , Shanhui Fan , Pierre R. Villeneuve , Robert D. Meade
IPC分类号： G02B6/12 , G02B6/122 , G02B6/124 , H01Q13/28 , H01S3/063 , H01S5/00 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/12 , H01S5/20 , H01S3/08
CPC分类号： G02B6/1225 , B82Y20/00 , G02B6/124 , H01Q13/28 , H01S3/0635 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/1028 , G02B2006/12109 , G02B2006/12195 , H01S5/1042 , H01S5/105 , H01S5/124 , H01S5/2045
摘要： The present invention provides a resonant microcavity which includes a periodic dielectric waveguide, and a local defect in the periodic dielectric waveguide which accommodates spacial confinement of radiation generated within the waveguide around the defect. In an alternative embodiment, the present invention provides a method of enhancing radiation confinement within a resonant microcavity and minimizing radiation losses into an associated substrate, the microcavity configured within a periodic dielectric waveguide as a local defect which exhibits spacial radiation confinement, the method including the step of increasing the refractive index contrast between the microcavity and the substrate.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种谐振微腔，其包括周期性电介质波导和周期性介质波导中的局部缺陷，其适应在波导内围绕缺陷产生的辐射的空间限制。在替代实施例中，本发明提供一种增强共振微腔内的辐射限制并最小化到相关联的衬底中的辐射损耗的方法，该微腔被配置在周期性介质波导内，作为显示空间辐射约束的局部缺陷，该方法包括增加微腔与衬底之间的折射率对比度的步骤。

9. 发明授权

US06512866B1 High efficiency channel drop filter with absorption induced on/off switching and modulation 失效
标题翻译：具有吸收感应开/关切换和调制的高效率通道下降滤波器
公开(公告)号：US06512866B1
公开(公告)日：2003-01-28
申请号：US09619926
申请日：2000-07-20
申请人： Shanhui Fan , Pierre R. Villeneuve , John D. Joannopoulos , Brent E. Little , Hermann A. Haus
发明人： Shanhui Fan , Pierre R. Villeneuve , John D. Joannopoulos , Brent E. Little , Hermann A. Haus
IPC分类号： G02B6293
CPC分类号： G02F1/3132 , G02B6/12007 , G02B6/1225 , G02F1/17 , G02F2201/066 , G02F2202/32 , G02F2203/15 , G02F2203/585 , H04Q3/00
摘要： A highly efficient channel drop filter. The filter employs a coupling element including a resonator-system between two waveguides, which contains at least two resonant modes. The resonator-system includes one or more interacting resonant cavities which in addition to being coupled to the waveguides, can also be coupled directly among themselves and indirectly among themselves via the waveguides. Each component of the coupling element can be configured or adjusted individually. The geometry and/or dielectric constant/refractive index of the resonator-system are configured so that the frequencies and decay rates of the resonant modes are made to be substantially the same. The filter can achieve 100% signal transfer between the waveguides at certain frequencies, while completely prohibiting signal transfer at other frequencies. In exemplary embodiments, the filter is configured with photonic crystals. In accordance with alternative embodiments of the invention, the filter is configured as an absorption induced on/off switch and modulator. The switching action is achieved with either electrical or optical absorption.
摘要翻译：高效的通道降滤波器。滤波器采用耦合元件，其包括在两个波导之间的谐振器系统，其包含至少两个谐振模式。谐振器系统包括一个或多个相互作用的谐振腔，除了耦合到波导之外，它们也可以直接耦合到它们之间并通过波导间接地彼此间耦合。耦合元件的每个部件可以单独配置或调整。谐振器系统的几何形状和/或介电常数/折射率被配置为使谐振模式的频率和衰减速率基本上相同。滤波器可以在某些频率下实现波导之间的100％信号传输，同时完全禁止其他频率的信号传输。在示例性实施例中，滤光器配置有光子晶体。根据本发明的替代实施例，滤波器被配置为吸收诱导的开/关开关和调制器。开关动作通过电吸收或光吸收来实现。

10. 发明授权

US06424763B1 Tunable add/drop filter using side-coupled resonant tunneling 失效
标题翻译：使用侧耦合谐振隧道的可调加/减滤波器
公开(公告)号：US06424763B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-23
申请号：US09698305
申请日：2000-10-27
申请人： Pierre R. Villeneuve , Shanhui Fan , Gale S. Petrich , Leslie A. Kolodziejski , John D. Joannopoulos
发明人： Pierre R. Villeneuve , Shanhui Fan , Gale S. Petrich , Leslie A. Kolodziejski , John D. Joannopoulos
IPC分类号： G02B642
CPC分类号： G02F1/011 , B82Y10/00 , G02F1/3132 , G02F2201/307 , G02F2203/055 , G02F2203/15 , G02F2203/585
摘要： A tunable electromagnetic field frequency filter having an input waveguide which carries a signal including at least one desired frequency, and an output waveguide. A resonator-system is coupled to the input and output waveguides and is operable for the selective transfer of the at least one desired frequency to the output waveguide. The resonator-system supports at least two system modes, and includes at least three reflectors with at least two different reflectivity spectra. At least one of the reflectivity spectra is tuned such that at least two of the system-modes have substantially the same frequency when the transfer occurs substantially.
摘要翻译：一种具有输入波导的可调谐电磁场频率滤波器，其输入包括至少一个期望频率的信号和输出波导。谐振器系统耦合到输入和输出波导，并且可操作用于将至少一个期望频率选择性地传送到输出波导。谐振器系统支持至少两个系统模式，并且包括具有至少两个不同反射率光谱的至少三个反射器。至少一个反射光谱被调谐，使得至少两个系统模式在基本上发生转印时具有基本相同的频率。

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