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1. 发明授权

US4640375A Drill bit and cutter therefor 失效
标题翻译：钻头和刀具
公开(公告)号：US4640375A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-03
申请号：US578182
申请日：1984-02-08
申请人： John D. Barr , John M. Fuller
发明人： John D. Barr , John M. Fuller
IPC分类号： E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/60 , E21B10/46
CPC分类号： E21B10/567 , E21B10/602
摘要： The invention comprises a drag-type drill bit including a bit body adapted for rotative movement in a pre-determined direction in use and having an operating end face, and a plurality of cutting members mounted in the bit body. Each of the cutting members has a stud portion disposed in a respective recess in the bit body and defining the inner end of the cutting member, and a cutting face generally adjacent its outer end facing outwardly through the operating end face of the bit body and terminating in an outermost cutting edge. The centerline of the stud portion is rearwardly inclined, from the outer end to the inner end, with respect to the direction of movement in use, taken at the midpoint of the cutting edge, at a first angle from 80.degree. to 30.degree. inclusive. The cutting face is oriented such that the tangent to the cutting face at the midpoint of the cutting edge and in the central plane of the cutting member is disposed at a second angle, from 18.degree. to 75.degree. inclusive, with respect to the centerline of the stud portion.
摘要翻译：本发明包括一种拖曳式钻头，其包括适于在使用中以预定方向进行旋转运动并具有操作端面的钻头体，以及安装在钻头体中的多个切割构件。每个切割构件具有设置在钻头体中的相应凹部中并且限定切割构件的内端的螺柱部分，以及切削面，大体上靠近其外端通过钻头体的操作端面向外的端部，并且终止在最外切割边缘。螺柱部分的中心线相对于使用中的移动方向从外端向内端向后倾斜，在切削刃的中点处以80°至30°的第一角度包括在内。切割面被定向成使得在切割边缘的中点处和切割部件的中心平面中的切割面的切线相对于切割部件的中心线以18度至75度的第二角度布置螺柱部分。

2. 发明授权

US4733735A Rotary drill bits 失效
标题翻译：旋转钻头
公开(公告)号：US4733735A
公开(公告)日：1988-03-29
申请号：US913101
申请日：1986-09-29
申请人： John D. Barr , John M. Fuller , Malcolm R. Taylor
发明人： John D. Barr , John M. Fuller , Malcolm R. Taylor
IPC分类号： E21B10/26 , E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/60
CPC分类号： E21B10/567 , E21B10/26 , E21B10/602
摘要： A rotary drill bit comprises a bit body having a leading face and a gauge region, a number of blades on the leading face of the bit body, and a number of cutting elements mounted along each blade. A passage in the bit body supplies drilling fluid to nozzles in the leading face of the bit body for cooling and cleaning the cutting elements. Each nozzle is so oriented, and the surface of the bit body in the region in front of each blade is so shaped, as to promote a vortex flow of drilling fluid around said region, with part of the periphery of the vortex extending across the cutting elements on the blade, so that fluid in the periphery of the vortex passes across the cutting elements mounted on each blade before escaping through an exit channel in the gauge region.
摘要翻译：旋转钻头包括具有前表面和测量区域的钻头体，钻头体的前表面上的多个刀片以及沿着每个刀片安装的多个切割元件。钻头体中的通道为钻头体的前表面的喷嘴提供钻井液，用于冷却和清洁切割元件。每个喷嘴如此取向，并且钻头体在每个叶片前面的区域中的表面是如此成形的，以便促进围绕所述区域的钻井流体的涡流，涡旋的周边的一部分延伸穿过切割使得涡流周边中的流体穿过安装在每个叶片上的切割元件，然后通过测量区域中的出口通道逸出。

3. 发明授权

US4505342A Drill bit 失效
标题翻译：钻头
公开(公告)号：US4505342A
公开(公告)日：1985-03-19
申请号：US443657
申请日：1982-11-22
申请人： John D. Barr , John M. Fuller
发明人： John D. Barr , John M. Fuller
IPC分类号： E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/60 , E21B10/46
CPC分类号： E21B10/567 , E21B10/602
摘要： A full bore drag type well drilling bit including a bit body comprised of a generally non-frangible metallic material. The bit body has an operating end face defined by said metallic material to include a plurality of upsets each having a leading edge and at least one recess extending through such leading edge into said metallic material. The end face further includes a plurality of flow paths, each of the leading edges of the upset having one such flow path extending therealong and inset therefrom. At least some of the upsets have a plurality of such recesses spaced therealong. A plurality of circulation ports open through the end face of the bit body, the number of circulation ports being less than the number of flow paths extending along the leading edges of the upsets, and at least some of the ports communicate with more than one such path. The bit further comprises a plurality of cutting structures carried by the bit body. Each cutting structure includes an elongate mounting body and a cutting formation on the exterior of the mounting body adjacent one end thereof. At least a majority of the mounting bodies of the bit are mounted in respective ones of the recesses in the upsets with their cutting formations facing outwardly along the leading edges of the upsets.
摘要翻译：一种全孔拖曳式钻井钻头，包括由一般非易碎金属材料构成的钻头体。钻头体具有由所述金属材料限定的操作端面，以包括多个具有前缘的凹陷和至少一个延伸穿过该前缘的凹陷进入所述金属材料的凹陷。端面还包括多个流动路径，镦粗的每个前缘具有一个沿其延伸并插入的一个这样的流动路径。至少一些凹陷具有多个间隔开的这种凹槽。多个循环端口通过钻头体的端面开口，循环端口的数量小于沿着凹陷的前缘延伸的流动路径的数量，并且至少一些端口与多于一个的这种路径。钻头还包括由钻头体承载的多个切割结构。每个切割结构包括细长安装体和邻近其一端的安装体外部的切割结构。钻头的至少大部分安装体安装在凹陷中的相应的凹部中，其切割结构沿着凹陷的前缘面向外。

4. 发明授权

US4676324A Drill bit and cutter therefor 失效
标题翻译：钻头和刀具
公开(公告)号：US4676324A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-30
申请号：US823681
申请日：1986-01-29
申请人： John D. Barr , John M. Fuller
发明人： John D. Barr , John M. Fuller
IPC分类号： E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/60
CPC分类号： E21B10/567 , E21B10/602
摘要： A full bore drag-type well drilling bit comprises a bit body having an operating end face defining a plurality of upsets. Each of the upsets has a leading edge surface and at least one recess extending through the leading edge surface into the upset. The end face of the bit body further comprises a plurality of flow channels, each such leading edge surface having one such flow channel extending therealong and inset therefrom. At least some of the upsets have a plurality of such recesses spaced therealong. The bit body further has a plurality of circulation ports opening through its end face and a plurality of nozzles, each nozzle being mounted in a respective one of the ports. The number of nozzles is less than the number of flow channels. At least some of the nozzles communicate with more than one such flow channel, and the transverse cross-sectional flow area of each of the nozzles is substantially less than those of individual ones of the channels communicating therewith. The bit further comprises a plurality of cutting members each mounted in a respective one of the recesses with a cutting face thereof facing outwardly along the leading edge surface of the respective upset.
摘要翻译：全孔拖曳钻井钻头包括具有限定多个凹陷的操作端面的钻头体。每个扰动具有前缘表面和至少一个延伸穿过前缘表面进入镦粗的凹部。钻头体的端面还包括多个流动通道，每个这样的前缘表面具有一个这样的流动通道，从而沿其延伸并插入其中。至少一些凹陷具有多个间隔开的这种凹槽。钻头体还具有通过其端面开口的多个循环口和多个喷嘴，每个喷嘴安装在相应的一个端口中。喷嘴数量小于流道数量。至少一些喷嘴与多于一个这样的流动通道连通，并且每个喷嘴的横截面流动面积显着小于与其连通的各个通道的横截面积。该钻头还包括多个切割构件，每个切割构件安装在相应的一个凹部中，其切割面沿着相应凹部的前缘表面朝外。

5. 发明授权

US5685379A Method of operating a steerable rotary drilling system 失效
标题翻译：操纵可转向旋转钻井系统的方法
公开(公告)号：US5685379A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-11
申请号：US604317
申请日：1996-02-21
申请人： John D. Barr , John M. Clegg , William C. Motion
发明人： John D. Barr , John M. Clegg , William C. Motion
IPC分类号： E21B7/06
CPC分类号： E21B7/06 , E21B7/068
摘要： A steerable rotary drilling system comprises a bottom hole assembly which includes, in addition to a drill bit, a modulated bias unit and a control unit including an instrument carrier which is rotatable relative to the bias unit. The bias unit comprises a number of hydraulic actuators spaced apart around the periphery of the unit, each having a movable thrust member which is displaceable outwardly for engagement with the formation. Each actuator can be connected, through a rotatable control valve, to a source of drilling fluid under pressure, the control valve comprising a first part, rotatable with the instrument carrier, which cooperates with a second part which is rotatable with the bias unit. Means are provided to roll stabilize the instrument carrier so that relative rotation between the bias unit and instrument carrier, as the bias unit rotates, causes the valve to operate the actuators in synchronism with rotation of the bias unit so as to apply a lateral bias thereto. In order to neutralize or reduce the net bias applied to the bias unit the instrument carrier may be rotated in various modes instead of being roll stabilized, e.g., it may be rotated at a constant slow speed relative to the bias unit, or at a significantly faster rate so that the actuators do not have time to operate fully. The angular velocity of the carrier may also be varied during its rotation, according to various formulae, in order to vary the net bias. The net bias may also be varied by alternating different modes of carrier rotation.
摘要翻译：可操纵的旋转钻井系统包括底孔组件，除了钻头之外，还包括调制偏压单元和包括可相对于偏压单元旋转的仪器载体的控制单元的钻孔组件。偏置单元包括围绕单元的周边间隔开的多个液压致动器，每个液压致动器具有可向外移动以与地层接合的可移动推力构件。每个致动器可以通过可旋转的控制阀连接到压力下的钻井液源，该控制阀包括可与仪器载体一起旋转的第一部件，该第一部件与可与偏置单元一起旋转的第二部件协作。提供了用于滚动稳定仪器载体的装置，使得当偏压单元旋转时偏置单元和仪器载体之间的相对旋转使得阀与偏置单元的旋转同步地操作致动器，从而向其施加横向偏压。为了中和或减少施加到偏置单元的净偏压，仪器载体可以以各种模式旋转而不是辊稳定，例如，其可以相对于偏置单元以恒定的慢速度旋转，或者在显着地更快的速率，使执行器没有时间完全运行。根据各种公式，载体的角速度也可以在其旋转期间改变，以便改变净偏压。净偏置也可以通过交替的不同载体旋转模式来改变。

6. 发明授权

US5553678A Modulated bias units for steerable rotary drilling systems 失效
标题翻译：用于可转向旋转钻井系统的调制偏置单元
公开(公告)号：US5553678A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-10
申请号：US937061
申请日：1992-08-27
申请人： John D. Barr , Mark W. Burrell , Robert A. Russell , Richard Thorp , David Boast , John Clegg
发明人： John D. Barr , Mark W. Burrell , Robert A. Russell , Richard Thorp , David Boast , John Clegg
IPC分类号： E21B4/02 , E21B7/04 , E21B7/06 , E21B41/00 , E21B47/01 , E21B47/022 , E21B47/024 , E21B7/08
CPC分类号： E21B7/06 , E21B4/02 , E21B41/0085 , E21B47/01 , E21B47/022 , E21B47/024 , E21B7/04 , E21B7/064
摘要： A modulated bias unit is provided for controlling the direction of drilling of a rotary drill bit when drilling boreholes in subsurface formations. The unit comprises a plurality of hydraulic actuators spaced apart around the periphery of the unit and having movable thrust members hydraulically displaceable outwardly for engagement with the formation of the borehole being drilled. Each actuator has an inlet passage for connection to a source of drilling fluid under pressure and an outlet passage for communication with the annulus. A selector control valve connects the inlet passages in succession to the source of fluid under pressure, as the unit rotates, and a choke is provided to create a pressure drop between the source of fluid under pressure and the selector valve. A further choke is provided in the outlet passage from each actuator unit. The actuators and control valve arrangements may take a number of different forms.
摘要翻译：提供调制偏置单元，用于在钻井时在地下地层钻孔时控制旋转钻头的钻孔方向。该单元包括围绕该单元的周边间隔开的多个液压致动器，并且具有可向外液压移位的可移动推力构件，用于与正在钻孔的钻孔的形成接合。每个致动器具有用于连接到压力下的钻井液源的入口通道和用于与环形空间连通的出口通道。选择器控制阀在单元旋转时连续地将入口通道连接到压力源，并且提供扼流圈以在压力下的流体源和选择阀之间产生压降。在每个致动器单元的出口通道中设置另一个扼流圈。致动器和控制阀装置可以采取多种不同的形式。

7. 发明授权

US5061293A Cutting elements for rotary drill bits 失效
标题翻译：旋转钻头切割元件
公开(公告)号：US5061293A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-29
申请号：US523322
申请日：1990-05-14
申请人： John D. Barr , Thomas A. Newton, Jr.
发明人： John D. Barr , Thomas A. Newton, Jr.
IPC分类号： B23P15/28 , E21B10/56 , E21B10/567
CPC分类号： E21B10/567 , B23P15/28
摘要： A preform cutting element for a rotary drill bit includes a layer of polycrystalline diamond material, the rear face of which is bonded to the front face of a backing layer of less hard material, such as tungsten carbide. The rear face of the backing layer is substantially greater in area than the rear face of the diamond layer. A method of manufacturing such cutting elements comprises forming an intermediate structure comprising polycrystalline diamond material bonded between two outer layers of tungsten carbide, and then cutting the intermediate structure to provide two pieces, each of the pieces including part of the diamond material and at least a major part of a respective one of the two outer layers.
摘要翻译：用于旋转钻头的预成型件切割元件包括多晶金刚石材料层，其后表面结合到诸如碳化钨之类的较硬硬质材料的背衬层的前表面。背衬层的后表面的面积比金刚石层的后表面大得多。制造这种切割元件的方法包括形成包括结合在两个碳化钨外层之间的多晶金刚石材料的中间结构，然后切割中间结构以提供两个片，每个片包括金刚石材料的一部分和至少一个两个外层中的相应一个的主要部分。

8. 发明授权

US4727946A Rotary drill bits 失效
标题翻译：旋转钻头
公开(公告)号：US4727946A
公开(公告)日：1988-03-01
申请号：US876847
申请日：1986-06-20
申请人： John D. Barr , Terry R. Matthias
发明人： John D. Barr , Terry R. Matthias
IPC分类号： E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/60
CPC分类号： E21B10/567 , E21B10/602
摘要： A rotary drill bit, for drilling wells in subsurface earth formations, and designed for rotation in a given direction, comprises a bit body having an internal passageway for drilling fluid. The bit body has an operating end face and at least one opening through that face communicating with the passageway. Cutters on the bit body form at least one elongate cutting region extending generally radially along a substantial portion of the operating end face. The cutters have cutting surfaces facing in the forward direction and generally continuous cutting edges at the outer extremity of the cutting surfaces. An elongate fence is carried on the bit body, extending generally parallel to the cutting region and spaced from the cutting region in a leading direction. The fence is adapted to ride loosely over the earth formation in use and in the absence of a positive pressure differential across the fence rear to front, and to more tightly engage the earth formation in the presence of such positive pressure differential, tightness of engagement increasing with the pressure differential. The opening in the operating end face of the bit body is positioned to deliver drilling fluid from the passageway to the area between the cutting region and the fence.
摘要翻译：用于在地下地层中钻井并用于在给定方向上旋转的旋转钻头包括具有用于钻探流体的内部通道的钻头体。钻头体具有操作端面和通过与通道连通的面的至少一个开口。钻头体上的切割器形成至少一个沿着操作端面的大部分径向延伸的细长切割区域。切割器具有面向正向的切割表面，并且在切割表面的外端处具有大致连续的切割边缘。细长的栅栏被承载在钻头体上，大致平行于切割区域延伸并且沿着前进方向与切割区域间隔开。围栏适于在使用中松散地穿过地层，并且在隔离栅栏后方到前方没有正压差，并且在存在正压差的情况下更紧密地接合地层，接合紧密度增加与压力差。钻头体的操作端面中的开口定位成将钻井液从通道输送到切割区域和围栏之间的区域。

9. 发明授权

US4570725A Drill bit cutter 失效
标题翻译：钻头切割机
公开(公告)号：US4570725A
公开(公告)日：1986-02-18
申请号：US575556
申请日：1984-01-31
申请人： Terry R. Matthias , John D. Barr
发明人： Terry R. Matthias , John D. Barr
IPC分类号： E21B10/42 , E21B10/43 , E21B10/56 , E21B10/573 , E21B10/46 , E21B10/00
CPC分类号： E21B10/43 , E21B10/573
摘要： The invention comprises a cutter for a drag-type drill bit, the cutter having a stud portion defining one end thereof and a cutting formation generally adjacent the other end, said stud portion having external side walls which, throughout a major part of the length of said stud portion and in transverse cross section, define a circle interrupted by at least one section of greater radius of curvature.
摘要翻译：本发明包括一种用于拖曳式钻头的切割器，该切割器具有限定其一端的螺柱部分和大致相邻于另一端的切割部分，所述螺柱部分具有外侧壁，该侧壁在长度方向上的主要部分所述螺柱部分并且在横截面中限定由至少一个更大曲率半径的部分中断的圆。

10. 发明授权

US5803185A Steerable rotary drilling systems and method of operating such systems 失效
标题翻译：可操纵的旋转钻井系统及其操作方法
公开(公告)号：US5803185A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-08
申请号：US604318
申请日：1996-02-21
申请人： John D. Barr , John M. Clegg , William C. Motion
发明人： John D. Barr , John M. Clegg , William C. Motion
IPC分类号： E21B7/06 , E21B7/08 , E21B21/10 , E21B47/18 , E21B47/024
CPC分类号： E21B7/06 , E21B21/10 , E21B47/18 , E21B47/185
摘要： A steerable rotary drilling system has a bottom hole assembly which includes, in addition to the drill bit, a modulated bias unit and a control unit, the bias unit comprising a number of hydraulic actuators around the periphery of the unit, each having a movable thrust member which is hydraulically displaceable outwardly for engagement with the formation of the borehole being drilled. Each actuator may be connected, through a control valve, to a source of drilling fluid under pressure and the operation of the valve is controlled by the control unit so as to modulate the fluid pressure supplied to the actuators as the bias unit rotates. If the control valve is operated in synchronism with rotation of the bias unit the thrust members impart a lateral bias to the bias unit, and hence to the drill bit, to control the direction of drilling. Pulses transmitted through the drilling fluid as a result of operation of the bias unit are detected and interpreted at the surface, or at a different location downhole, to obtain information regarding the operation of the bias unit or other parts of the bottom hole assembly. Data signals from downhole sensors may be arranged to modify the control and operation of the bias unit in such manner that the data is encoded as pulses generated in the drilling fluid by the bias unit.
摘要翻译：可操纵的旋转钻井系统具有底孔组件，除了钻头之外，还包括调制偏压单元和控制单元，偏置单元包括围绕单元周边的多个液压致动器，每个液压致动器具有可移动的推力构件，其可液压地向外移位，用于与正在钻孔的钻孔的形成接合。每个致动器可以通过控制阀连接到压力下的钻井流体源，并且阀的操作由控制单元控制，以便在偏压单元旋转时调节供应到致动器的流体压力。如果控制阀与偏置单元的旋转同步地操作，则推力构件向偏置单元施加横向偏压，并因此向钻头施加横向偏压，以控制钻孔的方向。作为偏置单元的操作的结果，通过钻井液传输的脉冲在表面或井下的不同位置处被检测和解释，以获得关于偏置单元或底孔组件的其它部分的操作的信息。来自井下传感器的数据信号可以被布置成以这样的方式修改偏置单元的控制和操作，使得数据被编码为由偏置单元在钻井流体中产生的脉冲。

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