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1. 发明授权

US4748667A Jamming signal scrambling and descrambling systems for CATV 失效
标题翻译：用于CATV的干扰信号加扰和解扰系统
公开(公告)号：US4748667A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-31
申请号：US926749
申请日：1986-11-04
申请人： James O. Farmer , Anatoly Kozushin , Herman A. Kruse , William P. LaFay , Christopher P. Lewis , Frank R. Little, Jr. , Leo Montreuil , Leo J. Thompson , Lamar E. West, Jr. , Joseph G. Mobley, II
发明人： James O. Farmer , Anatoly Kozushin , Herman A. Kruse , William P. LaFay , Christopher P. Lewis , Frank R. Little, Jr. , Leo Montreuil , Leo J. Thompson , Lamar E. West, Jr. , Joseph G. Mobley, II
IPC分类号： H04N7/16 , H04N7/167 , H03H7/00
CPC分类号： H04K3/825 , H04K3/42 , H04N7/166 , H04K2203/14 , H04K3/43
摘要： Scrambling and descrambling systems utilizing jamming signals provide improved pictures with minimal distortion due to ghosts and artifacts. The television signal is combined with a jamming signal or signals located preferably in the vestigial sideband (VSB) of the modulated picture carrier and at about a null in the spectrum of the modulation of the picture carrier by the horizontal sync. The jamming signal or signals also preferably are placed between the harmonic components of the horizontal sync which define the horizontal sync spectrum and at frequencies which comply with governmental regulations respecting frequency locations of strong signals of CATV purposes. The jamming signals are generated by phase locking to the horizontal sync signals of the television signals or to a submultiple of the horizontal sync frequency. Artifacts are further reduced by preemphasis of the transmitted television signal in the sideband opposite to that in which the jamming signal or signals are located and spaced by an equal frequency increment from the location of the jamming signal energy. In order to extract the jamming signal, so as to descramble the television signal for reproduction in the subscriber's television receiver, a network including at least one surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonator device is embedded in an all-pass network which allows essentially lossless transmission of the television signal spectrum, except for the jamming signal energy and enables that energy to be located close to (e.g., approximately 228 KHz) from the picture carrier in the VSB for enhanced security.
摘要翻译：使用干扰信号的加扰和解扰系统由于鬼影和伪像而提供了具有最小失真的改进图像。电视信号与优选地位于调制图像载体的残留边带（VSB）中的干扰信号或信号组合，并且在水平同步的图像载波的调制频谱中约为零。干扰信号或信号还优选地被放置在水平同步的谐波分量之间，其定义了水平同步频谱，并且频率符合有关CATV目的的强信号的频率位置的政府规定。干扰信号通过相位锁定到电视信号的水平同步信号或水平同步频率的亚数来产生。通过在与干扰信号或信号所在的边带相反的边带中预先强调发送的电视信号并且从干扰信号能量的位置间隔相等的频率增量来进一步减少伪影。为了提取干扰信号，为了解扰电视信号以在用户的电视接收机中进行再现，包括至少一个表面声波（SAW）谐振器装置的网络被嵌入在全通网络中，其允许基本上无损耗的传输的电视信号频谱，除了干扰信号能量，并使能量位于VSB中的图像载体附近（例如，大约228KHz），以增强安全性。

2. 发明授权

US5239402A Push-pull optical receiver 失效
标题翻译：推拉式光接收机
公开(公告)号：US5239402A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-24
申请号：US481436
申请日：1990-02-16
申请人： Frank R. Little, Jr. , Herman A. Kruse , John Megna
发明人： Frank R. Little, Jr. , Herman A. Kruse , John Megna
IPC分类号： H03F1/32 , H03F3/08 , H03F3/26 , H03F3/30 , H04B10/158
CPC分类号： H04B10/6911 , H03F3/082 , H03F3/265 , H04B10/69 , H04B10/6973
摘要： A receiver is described for optical signals which are amplitude modulated with broadband radio frequency signals. The receiver includes an optical detector which receives the incoming optical signal and generates a radio frequency electrical signal which varies with the power level of the incoming optical signal. This electrical signal is applied to a pair of amplifiers which are connected in a push-pull relationship. In a preferred embodiment, a tuning network is connected between the two amplifiers for optimizing the amplification of a selected band of radio frequencies.
摘要翻译：描述了用宽带射频信号进行幅度调制的光信号的接收机。接收机包括光检测器，其接收输入光信号并产生随输入光信号的功率电平而变化的射频电信号。该电信号被施加到以推挽关系连接的一对放大器。在优选实施例中，调谐网络连接在两个放大器之间，用于优化所选频带的放大。

3. 发明授权

US5826167A Bi-directional cable television system including a UHF filter 失效
标题翻译：双向有线电视系统包括UHF滤波器
公开(公告)号：US5826167A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-20
申请号：US838333
申请日：1997-04-08
申请人： Catherine W. Jelinek , Herman A. Kruse , Munther A. Al-Khalil , Leo J. Thompson
发明人： Catherine W. Jelinek , Herman A. Kruse , Munther A. Al-Khalil , Leo J. Thompson
IPC分类号： H04N7/173 , H04H1/00 , H01P5/12 , H04N7/14
CPC分类号： H04N7/173 , H04N7/17309
摘要： A cable television system employs two-way communication between a headend and at least one subscriber terminal. The two-way communication is provided by having separate frequency bands for each communication path. The frequency bands do not overlap and the higher frequency band is used for subscriber terminal to headend transmissions. A line amplifier is provided that employs two diplex filters each connected to both a forward and reverse amplifier. The high pass portions of the diplex filters are formed from both lumped and distributed components.
摘要翻译：有线电视系统在前端与至少一个用户终端之间采用双向通信。通过为每个通信路径具有单独的频带来提供双向通信。频带不重叠，较高的频带用于用户终端头端传输。提供了一种线路放大器，其采用两个双向滤波器，每个滤波器均连接到正向和反向放大器。双通滤波器的高通部分由集总和分布的部件形成。

4. 发明授权

US5347388A Push-pull optical receiver having gain control 失效
标题翻译：具有增益控制的推挽式光接收机
公开(公告)号：US5347388A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-13
申请号：US753951
申请日：1991-09-03
申请人： Frank R. Little , Herman A. Kruse , John G. Megna , Rezin E. Pidgeon
发明人： Frank R. Little , Herman A. Kruse , John G. Megna , Rezin E. Pidgeon
IPC分类号： H03F3/08 , H03F3/26 , H03G3/20 , H03G3/30 , H04B10/04 , H04B10/06 , H04B10/14 , H04B10/158
CPC分类号： H03G3/3084 , H03F3/082 , H03F3/265 , H04B10/6931 , H04B10/6972 , H04B10/6973
摘要： A receiver is described for optical signals which are amplitude modulated with broadband radio frequency signals. The receiver includes an optical detector which receives the incoming optical signal and generates a radio frequency electrical signal which varies with the power level of the incoming optical signal. This electrical signal is applied to a pair of amplifiers which are connected in a push-pull relationship. A gain control circuit controls the gain of the amplifier pair.
摘要翻译：描述了用宽带射频信号进行幅度调制的光信号的接收机。接收机包括光检测器，其接收输入光信号并产生随输入光信号的功率电平而变化的射频电信号。该电信号被施加到以推挽关系连接的一对放大器。增益控制电路控制放大器对的增益。

5. 发明授权

US06242982B1 Amplifier with self setting automatic gain control circuit 有权
标题翻译：放大器具有自动设置自动增益控制电路
公开(公告)号：US06242982B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-05
申请号：US09438014
申请日：1999-11-10
申请人： Pieter G. Ibelings , Herman A. Kruse
发明人： Pieter G. Ibelings , Herman A. Kruse
IPC分类号： H03G310
CPC分类号： H03G3/3042
摘要： An amplifier (125) having automatic gain control (AGC) includes a gain stage (220), having a variable amplifier (215), for amplifying a signal received by the amplifier (125). The amplifier (125) also includes an AGC circuit (228) that adjusts amplification of the gain stage (220) and that includes a manual switch (246) having first and second switch settings. Sequential operation from the first switch setting to the second switch setting causes the AGC circuit (228) to automatically and correctly set the gain of the amplifier (125) without further human intervention.
摘要翻译：具有自动增益控制（AGC）的放大器（125）包括具有可变放大器（215）的增益级（220），用于放大由放大器（125）接收的信号。放大器（125）还包括AGC电路（228），其调整增益级（220）的放大率，并且包括具有第一和第二开关设置的手动开关（246）。从第一开关设置到第二开关设置的顺序操作使AGC电路（228）自动且正确地设置放大器（125）的增益，而无需进一步的人为干预。

6. 发明授权

US4998012A Fiber optic transimpedance receiver 失效
标题翻译：光纤跨阻抗接收机
公开(公告)号：US4998012A
公开(公告)日：1991-03-05
申请号：US445299
申请日：1989-12-01
申请人： Herman A. Kruse
发明人： Herman A. Kruse
IPC分类号： H03F3/08 , H04B10/02 , H04B10/158 , H04B10/18 , H04N7/22
CPC分类号： H04B10/6973 , H03F3/082 , H04B10/69
摘要： A transimpedance receiver for broad band optical signals, such as carry multichannel CATV signals or broad band data over an optical fiber which may vary in length (e.g. from 2 km to 20 km) such that the optical power at a photodetector of the receiver may vary widely depending upon where the receiver, and is installed in the fiber optic distribution system utilizes a broad band device, preferably a GASFET, the internal capacitance and gain of which enables amplification over the broad band frequency range without oscillation. Different values of transimpedance for converting the current signal from the photodetector into an output voltage at the output (the drain) of the device which is in a range within which the device is linear, and does not introduce distortion into the signal, is obtained by connecting, between the output and the input of the device, a feedback resistor selected from a group consisting of resistors of different value each dependent upon the optical power of the optical signal applied to the photodetector. The output voltage is coupled to an electrical transmission line which may be a low impedance coaxial line using a buffer amplifier incorporating a device of the same type as used in the transimpedance amplifier which has connected thereto networks for controlling the spectral response of the receiver so that it remains essentially flat over the broad band frequency range.
摘要翻译：用于宽带光信号的跨阻抗接收机，例如可以在长度上（例如从2公里到20公里）变化的光纤上的携带多信道CATV信号或宽带数据，使得接收机的光电检测器处的光功率可以变化广泛地取决于接收器的位置，并且安装在光纤分配系统中利用宽带设备，优选GASFET，其内部电容和增益可以在宽带频率范围内进行放大，而不会产生振荡。用于将来自光电检测器的电流信号转换成器件的输出（漏极）处的输出电压的不同值，该器件在器件线性范围内并且不会将失真引入到信号中，是通过在设备的输出和输入之间连接反馈电阻器，其从由不同值的电阻器组成的组中选择，每个电阻均取决于施加到光电检测器的光信号的光功率。输出电压耦合到电传输线路，该电力传输线路可以是使用缓冲放大器的缓冲放大器，该缓冲放大器结合与跨阻放大器中使用的相同类型的器件，该互阻放大器已连接到用于控制接收器的光谱响应的网络，它在宽带频率范围内基本保持平坦。

7. 发明授权

US06556239B1 Distortion monitoring system for CATV transmission networks 有权
标题翻译： CATV传输网络失真监控系统
公开(公告)号：US06556239B1
公开(公告)日：2003-04-29
申请号：US09545650
申请日：2000-04-10
申请人： Saleh R. Al-Araji , Paul E. Quesenberry , Herman A. Kruse
发明人： Saleh R. Al-Araji , Paul E. Quesenberry , Herman A. Kruse
IPC分类号： H04N1700
CPC分类号： H04N17/00 , H04N7/10
摘要： Systems and methods for a distortion monitoring system that detects an abnormal amount of signal distortion occurring in a transmission system. The distortion monitoring system includes a system amplifier section for amplifying and coupling an input signal to provide first and second outputs and a distortion monitoring section for processing the second output. The amount of distortion present is represented by an output from the distortion monitoring section of the system. In one embodiment, the distortion monitoring section can include an envelope detector for receiving the second output signal, a lowpass filter coupled to the envelope detector for cutting off frequencies below the Nyquist rate, and a voltage amplifier coupled to the lowpass filter for amplifying the signal. An analog to digital converter coupled to the voltage amplifier digitizes the signal, a memory buffer coupled to the analog to digital converter captures the digital data from the analog to digital converter, and a digital signal processor extracts the converted signal. In yet another embodiment, the digital signal processor includes an on-chip memory. A status monitor coupled to the output of the distortion monitoring section provides for monitoring the output signal.
摘要翻译：用于检测在传输系统中发生的异常信号失真量的失真监视系统的系统和方法。失真监测系统包括用于放大和耦合输入信号以提供第一和第二输出的系统放大器部分和用于处理第二输出的失真监测部分。存在的失真量由系统的失真监视部分的输出表示。在一个实施例中，失真监测部分可以包括用于接收第二输出信号的包络检测器，耦合到包络检测器的低通滤波器，用于切断低于奈奎斯特速率的频率，以及耦合到低通滤波器的放大信号的电压放大器。耦合到电压放大器的模数转换器对信号进行数字化，耦合到模数转换器的存储器缓冲器捕获来自模数转换器的数字数据，并且数字信号处理器提取转换的信号。在另一个实施例中，数字信号处理器包括片上存储器。耦合到失真监视部分的输出的状态监视器提供监视输出信号。

8. 发明授权

US5477370A Push-pull optical receiver having gain control 失效
标题翻译：具有增益控制的推挽式光接收机
公开(公告)号：US5477370A
公开(公告)日：1995-12-19
申请号：US293311
申请日：1994-08-22
申请人： Frank R. Little , Herman A. Kruse , John G. Megna , Rezin E. Pidgeon
发明人： Frank R. Little , Herman A. Kruse , John G. Megna , Rezin E. Pidgeon
IPC分类号： H03F3/08 , H03F3/26 , H03G3/20 , H03G3/30 , H04B10/04 , H04B10/06 , H04B10/14 , H04B10/158
CPC分类号： H03G3/3084 , H03F3/082 , H03F3/265 , H04B10/6931 , H04B10/6972 , H04B10/6973
摘要： A receiver is described for optical signals which are amplitude modulated with broadband radio frequency signals. The receiver includes an optical detector which receives the incoming optical signal and generates a radio frequency electrical signal which varies with the power level of the incoming optical signal. This electrical signal is applied to a pair of amplifiers which are connected in a push-pull relationship. A gain control circuit controls the gain of the amplifier pair.
摘要翻译：描述了用宽带射频信号进行幅度调制的光信号的接收机。接收机包括光检测器，其接收输入光信号并产生随输入光信号的功率电平而变化的射频电信号。该电信号被施加到以推挽关系连接的一对放大器。增益控制电路控制放大器对的增益。

9. 发明授权

US06292059B1 Systems, methods, and circuits for providing thermal compensation in amplifiers 有权
标题翻译：用于在放大器中提供热补偿的系统，方法和电路
公开(公告)号：US06292059B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-18
申请号：US09430080
申请日：1999-10-29
申请人： Jiening Ao , Herman A. Kruse
发明人： Jiening Ao , Herman A. Kruse
IPC分类号： H03G320
CPC分类号： H03F3/087
摘要： A communication system (300) includes amplifiers (325) having an improved thermal response. The amplifiers (325) include a Bode circuit (208) for attenuating the signals and a thermal compensation circuit (320) for adjusting the gain in response to changes in temperature. The thermal compensation unit (320) provides a non-linear impedance to offset for the non-linear performance of the amplifiers gain versus control current. The thermal compensation unit (320) has circuit paths that are selectively turned on to provide the non-linear relationship of impedance versus input control voltage.
摘要翻译：通信系统（300）包括具有改进的热响应的放大器（325）。放大器（325）包括用于衰减信号的波德电路（208）和用于响应于温度变化调整增益的热补偿电路（320）。热补偿单元（320）提供非线性阻抗以偏移放大器增益与控制电流的非线性性能。热补偿单元（320）具有选择性地导通以提供阻抗与输入控制电压的非线性关系的电路路径。

10. 发明授权

US6091441A Radio frequency detector for cable television distribution systems 失效
标题翻译：射频检测器用于有线电视分配系统
公开(公告)号：US6091441A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-18
申请号：US21086
申请日：1998-02-10
申请人： Saleh R. Al-Araji , James F. Blair , Herman A. Kruse
发明人： Saleh R. Al-Araji , James F. Blair , Herman A. Kruse
IPC分类号： H04N7/10 , H04N17/00 , H04N5/14
CPC分类号： H04N7/102
摘要： A distribution amplifier (210) for a cable television system (100) includes an output gain stage section (215) for receiving an input signal from a cable head end section (105). The output gain stage section (215) includes multiple active amplifier circuits (225, 230) for amplifying the input signal to generate main and auxiliary outputs that are processed by a radio frequency (RF) detector (255) having at least a first detector circuit (300) for processing the main output to generate a first voltage and a second detector circuit (305) for processing the auxiliary output to generate a second voltage. Further included in the distribution amplifier (210) is a status monitor (260) coupled to the RF detector (255) for converting the first and second outputs to first and second digital values and transmitting the first and second digital values. In this manner, an indication of a system or amplifier malfunction can be provided. Other advantages of the RF detector (255) are that the main and auxiliary outputs can be either simultaneously or sequentially processed, as desired, to provide multiple indications of system problems and that the RF stages of the detector circuits (300,305) are connected in series to reduce current drain, thereby reducing power consumption. Additionally, the RF detector (255) includes a differential amplifier stage (325) that compensates for temperature variations introduced by the diode etector stage (320) to provide a thermally stable RF detector (255).
摘要翻译：用于有线电视系统（100）的分配放大器（210）包括用于从电缆头端部分（105）接收输入信号的输出增益级部分（215）。输出增益级部分（215）包括多个有源放大器电路（225,230），用于放大输入信号以产生由具有至少第一检测器电路的射频（RF）检测器（255）处理的主输出和辅助输出（300），用于处理主输出以产生第一电压和第二检测器电路（305），用于处理辅助输出以产生第二电压。还包括在分配放大器（210）中的状态监视器（260）耦合到RF检测器（255），用于将第一和第二输出转换为第一和第二数字值并传输第一和第二数字值。以这种方式，可以提供系统或放大器故障的指示。 RF检测器（255）的其它优点是主要和辅助输出可以根据需要同时或顺序处理，以提供系统问题的多个指示，并且检测器电路（300,305）的RF级串联连接以减少电流消耗，从而降低功耗。另外，RF检测器（255）包括差分放大器级（325），其补偿由二极管检测器级（320）引入的温度变化以提供热稳定的RF检测器（255）。

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