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    • 5. 发明授权
    • Process for functionalizing alkanes
    • 官能化烷烃的方法
    • US4511745A
    • 1985-04-16
    • US619886
    • 1984-06-12
    • Robert G. BergmanAndrew H. JanowiczRoy A. Periana-Pillai
    • Robert G. BergmanAndrew H. JanowiczRoy A. Periana-Pillai
    • C07C17/00C07F15/00B01J19/12
    • C07F15/0073C07C17/00
    • Process for functionalizing saturated hydrocarbons selectively in the terminal position comprising:(a) reacting said saturated hydrocarbons of the formula:RH where:H represents a hydrogen atom, andR represents a saturated hydrocarbon radical, with a metal complex of the formula:CpRhPMe.sub.3 H.sub.2 where:Cp represents a pentamethylated cyclopentadienyl radical,Rh represents a rhodium atom,P represents a phosphorous atom,Me represents a methyl group,H represents a hydrogen atom, in the presence of ultraviolet radiation at a temperature maintained at about -60.degree. to -17.degree. C. to form a hydridoalkyl complex of the formula:CpRhPMe.sub.3 RH(b) reacting said hydridoalkyl complex with a haloform of the formula:CHX.sub.3 where:X represents a bromine, iodine or chlorine atom, at a temperature in the range of about -60.degree. to -17.degree. C. to form the corresponding haloalkyl complex of step (a) having the formula:CpRhPMe.sub.3 RX; and,(c) reacting said haloalkyl complex formed in (b) with halogen (X.sub.2) at a temperature in the range of about -60.degree. to 25.degree. C. (i.e. ambient) to form a functional haloalkyl compound.
    • 使饱和烃在末端位置选择性地官能化的方法包括:(a)使下式的饱和烃:RH,其中:H表示氢原子,R表示饱和烃基,与下式的金属络合物:CpRhPMe3H2其中 Cp表示五甲基环戊二烯基,Rh表示铑原子,P表示磷原子,Me表示甲基,H表示氢原子,在保持在-60°至-17° 以形成下式的氢化烷基络合物:CpRhPMe3RH(b)使所述氢化烷基络合物与式:CHX 3的卤代甲基反应,其中:X表示溴,碘或氯原子,温度范围为约-60 DEG至-17℃以形成具有下式的步骤(a)的相应的卤代烷基络合物:CpRhPMe3RX; 和(c)使(b)中形成的卤代烷基络合物与卤素(X2)在约-60°至25℃(即环境)的温度下反应,形成官能的卤代烷基化合物。