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1. 发明授权

US5893104A Method and system for processing queries in a database system using index structures that are not native to the database system 失效
标题翻译：在数据库系统中使用非本地数据库系统的索引结构来处理查询的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US5893104A
公开(公告)日：1999-04-06
申请号：US677159
申请日：1996-07-09
申请人： Jagannathan Srinivasan , Ravi Murthy , Chin Hong , Samuel DeFazio , Anil Nori
发明人： Jagannathan Srinivasan , Ravi Murthy , Chin Hong , Samuel DeFazio , Anil Nori
IPC分类号： G06F17/30 , E06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30321 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99943
摘要： A method and apparatus for processing a query in a database system using index types that are not built into the database system are disclosed. Routines for managing an index structure that is not supported by a database system are generated. Data that identifies the routines are submitted to the database system, thereby "registering" the index types with the database system. In response to statements issued to the database system by a client, the database system calls the routines, causing the routines to create an index structure using data from a data container in the database, and to generate data that indicates which data in the data container satisfies a query issued by the client. The routines of the registered index type extend the indexing capabilities of the database systems and one or more such index types can be registered with the database system. The index structure managed by the routines may be maintained within segments of the database, and the segments may be accessed as index-only tables. Storing a row of data in a database using index-only tables involves storing in a leaf node an index entry that includes a key value along with all other values in the row of data. If the row of data exceeds a predetermined size, then a portion of the row of data is stored in an overflow area. Retrieving a row of data from an index-only table for a user-supplied key involves identifying a leaf node for the key, and reading a row of data from the index entry and any remaining portion from the overflow area when the row exceeds the predetermined size.
摘要翻译：公开了一种使用未内置于数据库系统中的索引类型在数据库系统中处理查询的方法和装置。生成用于管理数据库系统不支持的索引结构的例程。标识例程的数据被提交给数据库系统，从而通过数据库系统“注册”索引类型。响应由客户端向数据库系统发出的语句，数据库系统调用例程，导致例程使用来自数据库中的数据容器的数据创建索引结构，并生成指示数据容器中的哪些数据的数据满足客户端发出的查询。注册索引类型的例程扩展了数据库系统的索引功能，并且可以向数据库系统注册一个或多个这样的索引类型。由例程管理的索引结构可以维护在数据库的段内，并且段可以作为仅索引表访问。使用仅索引表存储数据库中的一行数据涉及在叶节点中存储包含键值的索引条目以及数据行中的所有其他值。如果数据行超过预定的大小，则该数据行的一部分被存储在溢出区域中。从用户提供的密钥的仅索引表中检索一行数据涉及识别密钥的叶节点，并且当该行超过预定的值时从索引条目读取一行数据和来自溢出区域的剩余部分尺寸。

2. 发明授权

US06738782B2 Method and mechanism for extending native optimization in a database system 有权
标题翻译：在数据库系统中扩展本机优化的方法和机制
公开(公告)号：US06738782B2
公开(公告)日：2004-05-18
申请号：US10096008
申请日：2002-03-11
申请人： Nipun Agarwal , Dinesh Das , Viswanathan Krishnamurthy , Ravi Murthy , Anil Nori , Jagannathan Srinivasan
发明人： Nipun Agarwal , Dinesh Das , Viswanathan Krishnamurthy , Ravi Murthy , Anil Nori , Jagannathan Srinivasan
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F17/30471 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99943
摘要： A method and system for optimizing the execution of database statement is described. Optimization of database statements having non-boolean predicates is disclosed. Also disclosed is the determination and use of different granularity levels of information for submitting database statement predicates to optimizer-related functions.
摘要翻译：描述了优化数据库语句执行的方法和系统。公开了具有非布尔谓词的数据库语句的优化。还披露了将数据库语句谓词提交给优化器相关函数的不同粒度级别的信息的确定和使用。

3. 发明授权

US06370522B1 Method and mechanism for extending native optimization in a database system 有权
标题翻译：在数据库系统中扩展本机优化的方法和机制
公开(公告)号：US06370522B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-09
申请号：US09272691
申请日：1999-03-18
申请人： Nipun Agarwal , Dinesh Das , Viswanathan Krishnamurthy , Ravi Murthy , Anil Nori , Jagannathan Srinivasan
发明人： Nipun Agarwal , Dinesh Das , Viswanathan Krishnamurthy , Ravi Murthy , Anil Nori , Jagannathan Srinivasan
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F17/30471 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99943
摘要： A method and system for optimizing the execution of database statement is described. An aspect is related to providing a framework for the creation, association, and use of optimizer-related functions to calculate the cost of execution plans involving non-native database entities. Examples of these optimizer-related functions include selectivity, statistics, and costs functions. Another aspect is related to the optimization of database statements having non-boolean predicates. Yet another aspect is related to the determination and use of different granularity levels of information for submitting database statement predicates to optimizer-related functions. Optimizer-related functions can also be defined for system-supplied objects and entities.
摘要翻译：描述了优化数据库语句执行的方法和系统。一方面涉及为创建，关联和使用与优化器相关的函数提供框架，以计算涉及非本地数据库实体的执行计划的成本。这些优化器相关功能的示例包括选择性，统计和成本函数。另一方面涉及具有非布尔谓词的数据库语句的优化。另一方面涉及确定和使用不同粒度级别的信息，以将数据库声明谓词提交给优化器相关的功能。还可以为系统提供的对象和实体定义与优化器相关的功能。

4. 发明授权

US6128610A Index with entries that store the key of a row and all non-key values of the row 有权
标题翻译：索引，其中存储行的键和行的所有非键值的条目
公开(公告)号：US6128610A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-03
申请号：US139526
申请日：1998-08-25
申请人： Jagannathan Srinivasan , Samuel De Fazio , Anil Nori , Souripriya Das , Chuck Freiwald , Jayanta Banerjee
发明人： Jagannathan Srinivasan , Samuel De Fazio , Anil Nori , Souripriya Das , Chuck Freiwald , Jayanta Banerjee
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30321 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99943
摘要： A method and apparatus for efficiently storing and retrieving data in a database using index-only tables is disclosed. Storing a row of data in a database using index-only tables involves storing in a leaf node an index entry that includes a key value along with all other values in the row of data. If the row of data exceeds a predetermined size, then a portion of the row of data is stored in a user specified overflow area. Retrieving a row of data from an index-only table for a user-supplied key involves identifying a leaf node for the key, and reading a row of data from the index entry and any remaining portion from the overflow area when the row exceeds the predetermined size.
摘要翻译：公开了一种使用仅索引表在数据库中有效地存储和检索数据的方法和装置。使用仅索引表存储数据库中的一行数据涉及在叶节点中存储包含键值的索引条目以及数据行中的所有其他值。如果该数据行超过预定大小，则该行数据的一部分被存储在用户指定的溢出区域中。从用户提供的密钥的仅索引表中检索一行数据涉及识别密钥的叶节点，并且当该行超过预定的值时从索引条目读取一行数据和来自溢出区域的剩余部分尺寸。

5. 发明授权

US5852822A Index-only tables with nested group keys 失效
标题翻译：具有嵌套组密钥的仅索引表
公开(公告)号：US5852822A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-22
申请号：US764112
申请日：1996-12-09
申请人： Jagannathan Srinivasan , Samuel DeFazio , Jayanta Banerjee , Chuck Freiwald , Souripriya Das
发明人： Jagannathan Srinivasan , Samuel DeFazio , Jayanta Banerjee , Chuck Freiwald , Souripriya Das
IPC分类号： G06F17/30 , G06F17/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/30327 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99934 , Y10S707/99936 , Y10S707/99952
摘要： A method and apparatus for building, maintaining, and using a multi-level index is provided. The multi-level index is accessed using a key. The key is divided into multiple portions referred to as sub-keys. The first level of the multi-level index is built on a first-level sub-key. Each index entry at the first-level is for a particular first-level sub-key value, and either includes sub-entries associated with second-level sub-key values or a reference to a second-level data retrieval structure. All second-level data retrieval structures are built on the portion of the key that has been designated as the second-level sub-key. As the vocabulary of the first-level sub-key becomes exhausted, fewer maintenance operations will have to be performed to maintain the first-level data retrieval structure. This decreases the overhead and increases the concurrency in a database system that uses the multiple-level index. The multi-level index structure is especially suited for queries that retrieve all values for a given first-level sub-key. The structure also has reduced storage costs compared to a single-level index structure, since first-level sub-key values are stored only once for each nested group.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于构建，维护和使用多级索引的方法和装置。使用密钥访问多级索引。密钥分为多个部分，称为子密钥。多级索引的第一级建立在一级子密钥上。第一级的每个索引条目用于特定的一级子密钥值，并且包括与二级子密钥值相关联的子条目或对二级数据检索结构的引用。所有二级数据检索结构都建立在已被指定为二级子密钥的密钥部分上。由于第一级子密钥的词汇量已经耗尽，因此维护第一级数据检索结构将不得不执行较少的维护操作。这降低了开销，并增加了使用多级索引的数据库系统中的并发性。多级索引结构特别适用于检索给定一级子密钥的所有值的查询。与单级索引结构相比，结构也降低了存储成本，因为对于每个嵌套组，一级子键值只存储一次。

6. 发明授权

US06421666B1 Mechanism for sharing ancillary data between a family of related functions 有权
标题翻译：在一系列相关功能之间共享辅助数据的机制
公开(公告)号：US06421666B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-16
申请号：US09436046
申请日：1999-11-08
申请人： Ravi Murthy , Jagannathan Srinivasan , Nipun Agarwal
发明人： Ravi Murthy , Jagannathan Srinivasan , Nipun Agarwal
IPC分类号： G06F700
CPC分类号： G06F17/30545 , G06F17/30501 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99936 , Y10S707/99943 , Y10S707/99944
摘要： A method and apparatus are provided for accessing ancillary data, and for generating and accessing ancillary data more efficiently. Ancillary data is generated during execution of the operator routine of a primary operator. The ancillary data is stored in a shared content and may be accessed through ancillary operators associated with the primary operator. Metadata is used to define a primary operator and ancillary operators associated with the primary operator. A DBMS, for example, receives a statement that includes a primary and at least one of its ancillary operators, and executes routines that implement the primary operator and the ancillary operator. During execution of the routine the implements the primary operator, ancillary data is generated and stored in shared content. During the execution of the routine that implements the ancillary operator, the ancillary data is retrieved from the shared content and is used. This mechanism enables efficient execution of a family of related functions over all the records in a dataset. The sharing of context avoids redundant computation and enables use of ancillary data.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于访问辅助数据以及更有效地生成和访问辅助数据的方法和装置。在主操作员的操作员程序的执行期间生成辅助数据。辅助数据存储在共享内容中，并且可以通过与主操作符相关联的辅助运算符来访问。元数据用于定义与主运营商关联的主运营商和辅助运营商。例如，DBMS接收包含主要和至少其中一个辅助运算符的语句，并执行实现主操作符和辅助运算符的例程。在执行例程期间，实现主操作员，辅助数据生成并存储在共享内容中。在执行辅助运算符的例程执行期间，辅助数据从共享内容中检索并被使用。该机制使得能够在数据集中的所有记录上有效地执行相关功能的一系列。上下文的共享避免了冗余计算，并且能够使用辅助数据。

7. 发明授权

US06816853B1 Method and system for efficiently evaluating a query against partitioned data 有权
标题翻译：用于有效评估对分区数据的查询的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US06816853B1
公开(公告)日：2004-11-09
申请号：US09872887
申请日：2001-05-31
申请人： Nipun Agarwal , Ravi Murthy , Jagannathan Srinivasan
发明人： Nipun Agarwal , Ravi Murthy , Jagannathan Srinivasan
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F17/30545 , G06F17/30501 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99936 , Y10S707/99943 , Y10S707/99944
摘要： A method and mechanism to execute a query against a partitioned database object. Data processed or created for an earlier partition is maintained even after further processing is performed against a subsequent partition. A shared data object, such as a context object, is maintained to store data from processing the partitions of a partitioned table. Rather than discarding or overwriting the shared data object after processing each partition, the data from a subsequent partition is instead appended to the shared data object.
摘要翻译：对分区数据库对象执行查询的方法和机制。即使在针对后续分区执行进一步处理之后，仍保留对较早分区进行处理或创建的数据。维护诸如上下文对象的共享数据对象以存储来自处理分区表的分区的数据。在处理每个分区之后，不是丢弃或覆盖共享数据对象，而是将来自后续分区的数据替换为附加到共享数据对象。

8. 发明授权

US06360228B1 Transactional framework for executing statements involving non-native code 有权
标题翻译：用于执行涉及非本地代码的语句的事务框架
公开(公告)号：US06360228B1
公开(公告)日：2002-03-19
申请号：US09324605
申请日：1999-06-02
申请人： Seema Sundara , Ravi Murthy , Nipun Agarwal , Jagannathan Srinivasan
发明人： Seema Sundara , Ravi Murthy , Nipun Agarwal , Jagannathan Srinivasan
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F17/30371 , Y10S707/99931 , Y10S707/99943 , Y10S707/99953
摘要： Described herein is a framework for providing statement atomicity for DDL statements. The framework allows the ability to perform, as multiple transactions, the DDL operations specified by a DDL statement. To begin execution of a DDL statement, a DBMS, for example, updates a flag to indicate that DDL operations have commenced. While the flag is set to this state, the DBMS prevents execution of operations that depend on the DDL statement being executed as an atomic unit. If the DDL operations are aborted, the flag is set to a state that indicates that the execution of the DDL operations did not complete, and the DBMS continues to disallow dependent operations that depend on the atomicity of the DDL statement. Because the flag is used to provide statement atomicity, DDL operations may be performed as multiple transactions. For a DML statement, a mechanism described herein preserves the transactional context of a DML statement. When, for example, a DBMS is executing a transaction and generates a callout, the DBMS prevents operations that may change the transactional context of work performed in response to the callout.
摘要翻译：这里描述的是为DDL语句提供语句原子性的框架。该框架允许作为多个事务执行由DDL语句指定的DDL操作的功能。要开始执行DDL语句，例如，DBMS会更新一个标志，以指示DDL操作已经开始。当标志设置为此状态时，DBMS将阻止执行依赖于作为原子单元执行的DDL语句的操作。如果DDL操作被中止，则该标志被设置为指示执行DDL操作未完成的状态，并且DBMS继续禁止依赖于DDL语句的原子性的依赖操作。因为该标志用于提供语句原子性，所以DDL操作可以被执行为多个事务。对于DML语句，本文所述的机制保留DML语句的事务上下文。例如，当DBMS正在执行事务并生成标注时，DBMS会防止可能改变响应于标注执行的工作的事务上下文的操作。

9. 发明授权

US07953728B2 Queries with soft time constraints 有权
标题翻译：具有软时间限制的查询
公开(公告)号：US07953728B2
公开(公告)日：2011-05-31
申请号：US11804502
申请日：2007-05-18
申请人： Ying Hu , Seema Sundara , Jagannathan Srinivasan
发明人： Ying Hu , Seema Sundara , Jagannathan Srinivasan
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30536
摘要： Systems, methodologies, media, and other embodiments associated with supporting queries with soft time constraints are described. One exemplary system embodiment includes logic for accepting a query having a soft time constraint. The example system may also include logic for rewriting the query having the soft time constraint into a query having a row limitation or a sample percentage limitation. In one example, the row limitation or sample percentage limitation are computed by repetitively comparing an estimated query execution time to the soft time constraint.
摘要翻译：描述了与支持具有软时间约束的查询相关联的系统，方法，媒体和其他实施例。一个示例性系统实施例包括用于接受具有软时间约束的查询的逻辑。示例系统还可以包括用于将具有软时间约束的查询重写为具有行限制或样本百分比限制的查询的逻辑。在一个示例中，通过将估计的查询执行时间与软时间约束重复比较来计算行限制或样本百分比限制。

10. 发明授权

US07844600B2 Materialized views with user-defined aggregates 有权
标题翻译：具有用户定义聚合的物化视图
公开(公告)号：US07844600B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-30
申请号：US11827796
申请日：2007-07-13
申请人： Ying Hu , Seema Sundara , Jagannathan Srinivasan
发明人： Ying Hu , Seema Sundara , Jagannathan Srinivasan
IPC分类号： G06F7/00 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30457
摘要： Systems, methodologies, media, and other embodiments associated with supporting materialized views with user-defined aggregates are described. One example system includes logic for exposing a set of interface actions to support a user-defined aggregate in a materialized view associated with a base table. The materialized view may store both the user-defined aggregate and a user-defined aggregate context that facilitates logically connecting the user-defined aggregate to the base table. The example system may also include logic for supporting the user-defined aggregate. The support may be based on the set of interface actions. Example systems and methods may, therefore, facilitate incremental updating of the materialized view and/or rewriting a query to access the materialized view.
摘要翻译：描述了使用用户定义的聚合来支持物化视图的系统，方法，介质和其他实施例。一个示例系统包括用于在与基表相关联的物化视图中暴露一组接口动作以支持用户定义的聚合的逻辑。物化视图可以存储用户定义的聚合和有助于将用户定义的聚合逻辑连接到基表的用户定义的聚合上下文。示例系统还可以包括用于支持用户定义的聚合的逻辑。支持可以基于一组接口动作。因此，示例系统和方法可以促进物化视图的增量更新和/或重写查询以访问物化视图。

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