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1. 发明授权

US4558951A Fiber fourier spectrometer 失效
标题翻译：光纤光谱仪
公开(公告)号：US4558951A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-17
申请号：US465229
申请日：1983-02-09
申请人： Jacques E. Ludman , John L. Sampson , Henry J. Caulfield
发明人： Jacques E. Ludman , John L. Sampson , Henry J. Caulfield
IPC分类号： G01J3/453 , G01J3/45
CPC分类号： G01J3/453 , G01J3/0218
摘要： A fiber Fourier spectrometer having a focusing element, a beamsplitter, a pair of monomode optical fibers, a block of electro-optic material defining a pair of optical paths and means for controlling the effective length of one of the optical paths. A source of electromagnetic radiation is focused through and reflected by the beamsplitter into the pair of monomode fibers, respectively, and from there to the respective optical paths within the electro-optic block of material. The outputs of the two optical paths are combined and received by an intensity detector. Varying the effective path length of one of the optical paths alters the phase of the beam passing therethrough. Because the source of electromagnetic radiation has different wavelengths, the spectral components of the source are phase retarded by different amounts as they pass through the electro-optic material and can therefore be analyzed by a conventional Fourier spectroscopy technique.
摘要翻译：具有聚焦元件，分束器，一对单模光纤，限定一对光路的电光材料块的光纤傅立叶光谱仪和用于控制一个光路的有效长度的装置。电磁辐射源分别聚焦到分束器中并通过分光器反射到一对单模光纤中，并从那里到电光学材料块内的各个光路。两个光路的输出由强度检测器组合和接收。改变光路中的一个的有效路径长度改变通过其中的光束的相位。因为电磁辐射源具有不同的波长，所以源的光谱分量在它们通过电光材料时被相位延迟不同的量，因此可以通过常规的傅立叶光谱技术进行分析。

2. 发明授权

US4505588A Fiber stellar interferometer 失效
标题翻译：纤维恒星干涉仪
公开(公告)号：US4505588A
公开(公告)日：1985-03-19
申请号：US465215
申请日：1983-02-09
申请人： Jacques E. Ludman , John L. Sampson , Henry J. Caulfield
发明人： Jacques E. Ludman , John L. Sampson , Henry J. Caulfield
IPC分类号： G01B9/02 , G01J9/02
CPC分类号： G01J9/02 , G01B9/02063 , G01B2290/10 , G01B2290/40 , G01J2009/0226
摘要： A fiber stellar interferometer having a pair of adjustably movable focusing lenses, a pair of monomode optical fibers, a block of electro-optic material defining a pair of optical paths, means for controlling the effective path length of one of the optical paths and an intensity detector. Electromagnetic radiation emanating from a source, such as a star, is received at two separate locations by the focusing lenses which direct this electromagnetic radiation into two separate beams which are focused into each of the pair of monomode fibers, respectively. The monomode fibers direct these two beams into respective optical paths within the electro-optic block of material. The outputs from the two optical paths are combined and received by the intensity detector. Varying the effective path length of one of the optical paths alters the phase of the beam passing therethrough. As a consequence thereof the intensity of the output received by the detector varies accordingly. These varying intensities can be utilized to determine the size and shape of the source by conventional stellar intensity interferometer techniques.
摘要翻译：一种具有一对可调节移动聚焦透镜的光纤恒星干涉仪，一对单模光纤，限定一对光路的电光材料块，用于控制一条光路的有效路径长度和强度探测器。从诸如恒星的源发出的电磁辐射通过聚焦透镜在两个分开的位置处被接收，该聚焦透镜将该电磁辐射分别引导到分别聚焦到该对单模光纤中的每一个中的两个单独的光束。单模光纤将这两个光束引导到电光学材料块内的相应的光路中。来自两个光路的输出被强度检测器组合和接收。改变光路中的一个的有效路径长度改变通过其中的光束的相位。因此，由检测器接收的输出的强度相应地变化。这些变化的强度可以用于通过传统的恒星强度干涉仪技术来确定源的尺寸和形状。

3. 发明授权

US4563057A Fiber optic cable connector 失效
标题翻译：光缆连接器
公开(公告)号：US4563057A
公开(公告)日：1986-01-07
申请号：US413295
申请日：1982-08-31
申请人： Jacques E. Ludman , Joseph L. Horner , Henry J. Caulfield
发明人： Jacques E. Ludman , Joseph L. Horner , Henry J. Caulfield
IPC分类号： G02B6/32
CPC分类号： G02B6/32
摘要： A fiber optic cable connector for coupling together a pair of optical fibers having a pair of fixtures, each of the fixtures securing therein a respective optical fiber and having a magnification lens optically aligned with the end of the optical fiber. The lenses and fibers are so positioned relative to each other so as to focus a magnified or enlarged image of the end of each of the fibers to a predetermined position. A fastening means is utilized to removably attach the fixtures together in such a manner that the positions of the enlarged images of the fibers overlap thereby achieving excellent coupling of the adjacent fiber optic ends.
摘要翻译：一种光纤电缆连接器，用于将具有一对固定装置的一对光纤耦合在一起，每个固定装置固定有相应的光纤并且具有与光纤的端部光学对准的放大镜。透镜和纤维相对于彼此定位成使得将每个纤维的端部的放大或放大的图像聚焦到预定位置。紧固装置用于将固定装置可拆卸地附接在一起，使得纤维的放大图像的位置重叠，从而实现相邻光纤端部的良好耦合。

4. 发明授权

US4398792A Holographic coupler for fiber optic systems 失效
标题翻译：光纤系统的全息耦合器
公开(公告)号：US4398792A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-16
申请号：US231088
申请日：1981-02-03
申请人： Joseph L. Horner , Jacques E. Ludman
发明人： Joseph L. Horner , Jacques E. Ludman
IPC分类号： G02B5/32 , G02B6/42 , G02B7/26
CPC分类号： G02B6/4204 , G02B5/32 , G02B6/4206 , G02B6/4226
摘要： A holographic coupler for fiber optic systems having a holographic element utilized in conjunction with an optical source and an optical fiber in order to direct and couple the beam emanating from the optical source into the fiber. The holographic element, source and optical fiber have the same relative position with respect to each other as (1), a photosensitive medium, (2) a means for sizing and shaping a beam of temporally and spatially coherent radiation to the same geometry as the optical source before the beam impinges upon the photosensitive medium, and (3) the focal point of a converging beam of temporally and spatially coherent radiation impinging upon the photosensitive medium during the making of the holographic element used with the coupler.
摘要翻译：一种用于光纤系统的全息耦合器，其具有与光源和光纤结合使用的全息元件，以将从光源发出的光束引导和耦合到光纤中。全息元件，光源和光纤相对于彼此具有相同的相对位置（1），光敏介质，（2）用于将时间和空间相干辐射束定尺寸和成形为与在光束照射到感光介质之前的光源，以及（3）在与耦合器一起使用的全息元件的制造期间，入射到感光介质上的会聚光束的时间和空间相干辐射的焦点。

5. 发明授权

US4056323A Interferometer optical system 失效
标题翻译：干涉仪光学系统
公开(公告)号：US4056323A
公开(公告)日：1977-11-01
申请号：US564498
申请日：1975-04-02
申请人： Jacques E. Ludman
发明人： Jacques E. Ludman
IPC分类号： G01B9/02 , G01B11/26
CPC分类号： G01B11/26 , G01B9/02021 , G01B9/02024
摘要： An interferometer optical system for general use to measure optical parallelism or relative rotational or joint translational positions of the two spaced subject mirrors uses coherent light split into two beams which are directed, one normal to one of the two mirrors and the other normal to the other of the two mirrors. The reflections of these two beams are then superimposed on a target which reveals a light interference pattern indicative of the parallelism or relative rotation or joint translation of the two mirrors. In preferred embodiments, in order to compensate for the mutual tilt of the subject mirrors with respect to the plane of the beams incident thereon, the path of one of the beams to and from the subject mirror includes a corner mirror, or retrodirective mirror, and the path of the other beam includes at least one adjustable mirror.
摘要翻译：通常用于测量两个间隔的对象镜的光学平行度或相对旋转或联合平移位置的干涉仪光学系统使用相干光分为两个光束，一个垂直于两个反射镜之一，另一个垂直于另一个的两个镜子。然后将这两个光束的反射叠加在目标上，该目标显示指示两个反射镜的平行度或相对旋转或联合平移的光干涉图案。在优选实施例中，为了补偿目标反射镜相对于入射在其上的光束的平面的相互倾斜，光束中的一个光束与被摄体反射镜之间的路径包括角镜或反射镜，以及另一个光束的路径包括至少一个可调镜。

6. 发明授权

US4516854A Interferometric angular measurement system 失效
标题翻译：干涉角度测量系统
公开(公告)号：US4516854A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-14
申请号：US326857
申请日：1981-12-03
申请人： Jacques E. Ludman
发明人： Jacques E. Ludman
IPC分类号： G01B11/26
CPC分类号： G01B11/26
摘要： An interferometric system for general use to measure the angular relationship of two surfaces of the same object, or of different objects, or the relative angular change of one surface with respect to another. This device uses coherent light, a set of mirrors aligned as a Ludman Interferometer, and a reference pair of mirrors with a well known fixed angle similar to that of the angle of the sample pair to be measured. In preferred embodiments, the fixed angle mirror pair has a fine tilt adjustment to facilitate the interpretation of the output fringe pattern.
摘要翻译：用于一般用于测量相同物体或不同物体的两个表面的角度关系或一个表面相对于另一个的相对角度变化的干涉测量系统。该装置使用相干光，一组与Ludman干涉仪对准的反射镜，以及具有与待测量样品对的角度相似的公知固定角度的参考对镜。在优选实施例中，固定角度镜对具有精细的倾斜调整以便于解释输出条纹图案。

7. 发明授权

US4465332A Holographic directional coupler for fiber optic systems 失效
标题翻译：用于光纤系统的全息定向耦合器
公开(公告)号：US4465332A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-14
申请号：US375622
申请日：1982-05-06
申请人： Joseph L. Horner , Jacques E. Ludman
发明人： Joseph L. Horner , Jacques E. Ludman
IPC分类号： G02B5/32 , G02B6/28
CPC分类号： G02B6/2848 , G02B5/32
摘要： A fiber optic directional coupler having a holographic element incorported therein. A single optical signal impinges on the holographic element and is separated into a plurality of individual signals which are coupled to a plurality of individual optical fibers. Only a fraction of the incident electromagnetic radiation incident on the holographic element is transmitted to any one of the plurality of fibers. Reversing the direction of the radiation causes all the energy emanating from the combined plurality of fibers to be coupled to the single receiving fiber.
摘要翻译：具有其中所包含的全息元件的光纤定向耦合器。单个光学信号照射在全息元件上，并被分离成多个单独的信号，其耦合到多个单独的光纤。入射到全息元件上的入射电磁辐射的一部分传输到多个光纤中的任何一个。反转辐射的方向导致从组合的多个光纤发出的所有能量耦合到单个接收光纤。

8. 发明授权

US5491569A High efficiency, broad bandwidth, volume holographic element for diffraction windows and method of manufacture 失效
$High efficiency, broad bandwidth, volume holographic element for diffraction windows and method of manufacture$
标题翻译：高效率，宽带宽，用于衍射窗口的体积全息元件和制造方法
公开(公告)号：US5491569A
公开(公告)日：1996-02-13
申请号：US261816
申请日：1994-06-17
申请人： Juanita R. Riccobono , Jacques E. Ludman
发明人： Juanita R. Riccobono , Jacques E. Ludman
IPC分类号： G02B5/32 , G03H1/04 , G03H1/30
CPC分类号： G03H1/0248 , G02B5/32
摘要： A high efficiency, broad bandwidth, volume holographic element for diffraction windows. This holographic element is fabricated so that it can passively track and diffract solar radiation throughout the course of a day. Such a hologram can effectively illuminate the interior of a building or room with sunlight. This invention can reduce both lighting costs and the cooling costs associated with generating artificial light.
摘要翻译：用于衍射窗的高效率，宽带宽体积全息元件。这种全息元件被制造成使得它可以在一天的整个过程中被动地跟踪和衍射太阳辐射。这样的全息图可以有效照亮建筑物或室内阳光的内部。本发明可以降低与生成人造光相关联的照明成本和冷却成本。

9. 发明授权

US4533829A Optical electromagnetic radiation detector 失效
标题翻译：光电磁辐射探测器
公开(公告)号：US4533829A
公开(公告)日：1985-08-06
申请号：US511592
申请日：1983-07-07
申请人： William J. Miceli , Jacques E. Ludman
发明人： William J. Miceli , Jacques E. Ludman
IPC分类号： G01J5/10 , G01R29/08 , G02F1/03 , G02F1/21 , G02B5/14
CPC分类号： G01J5/10 , G01R29/0885 , G02F1/03 , G02F2001/213
摘要： An optical electromagnetic radiation detector having a probe for receiving nearby electromagnetic radiation. The probe includes a loop antenna connected to a pair of transparent electrodes deposited on the end surfaces of an electro-optic Fabry-Perot interferometer. When the loop antenna picks up the presence of electromagnetic radiation, a voltage will be developed across the crystal of the electro-optic Fabry-Perot interferometer thereby changing the optical length of the interferometer. A beam of light from a remote location is transmitted through an optical fiber onto the Fabry-Perot interferometer. The change in optical length of the Fabry-Perot interferometer alters the intensity of the beam of light as it is reflected from the Fabry-Perot interferometer back through the optical fiber to the remote location. A beamsplitter directs this reflected beam of light onto an intensity detector in order to provide an output indicative of the variations in intensity. The variations in intensity are directly related to the strength of the electromagnetic radiation received by the loop antenna.
摘要翻译：一种具有用于接收附近电磁辐射的探针的光学电磁辐射检测器。探头包括连接到沉积在电光法布里 - 珀罗干涉仪的端表面上的一对透明电极的环形天线。当环形天线拾取电磁辐射的存在时，将跨越电光法布里 - 珀罗干涉仪的晶体产生电压，从而改变干涉仪的光学长度。来自远程位置的光束通过光纤传输到法布里 - 珀罗干涉仪上。法布里 - 珀罗干涉仪的光学长度变化会改变光束的强度，因为它从法布里 - 珀罗干涉仪反射回光纤到远程位置。分束器将该反射光束引导到强度检测器上，以提供表示强度变化的输出。强度的变化与环形天线接收的电磁辐射的强度直接相关。

10. 发明授权

US5805283A Interferometric environmental monitor system for monitoring the presence and identification of pollutants 失效
标题翻译：用于监测污染物的存在和识别的干涉环境监测系统
公开(公告)号：US5805283A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-08
申请号：US667982
申请日：1996-06-19
申请人： Jacques E. Ludman , Henri John Caulfield , David W. Watt , Jacques J. Ludman , Heidi L. Callahan
发明人： Jacques E. Ludman , Henri John Caulfield , David W. Watt , Jacques J. Ludman , Heidi L. Callahan
IPC分类号： G01N21/31 , G01N21/45 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01N21/31 , G01N21/45
摘要： An interferometric environmental monitoring system having an active beam and a reference beam, each following an optical path, a detector system including a detector assembly, a pair of reflecting elements, the first reflecting element receiving the active beam and reflecting it, the second reflecting element receiving the reference beam and reflecting it. The reflected active and reflected reference beams are recombined into a recombined beam, which is directed to the detector assembly. The detector assembly monitors the central fringe of an interference pattern formed by interference when combining the active and the reference beams and providing an output signal related to the movement of the central fringe. The output signal being utilized to provide a signal representative of a condition which measurably affects the active beam.
摘要翻译：一种干涉环境监测系统，具有主动光束和参考光束，每个跟随光路，包括检测器组件的检测器系统，一对反射元件，第一反射元件接收有源光束并将其反射，第二反射元件接收参考光束并反射。反射的有源和反射参考光束被重新组合成重新组合的光束，其被引导到检测器组件。当组合有源和参考光束时，检测器组件监测由干涉形成的干涉图案的中心条纹，并提供与中央条纹的运动相关的输出信号。输出信号用于提供表示可测量地影响有源波束的状态的信号。

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