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1. 发明授权

US4215055A Production of liquid ortho-phthalic acid and its conversion to high _purity phthalic anhdyride 失效
标题翻译：生产液体邻苯二甲酸并将其转化为高纯度邻苯二甲酸酐
公开(公告)号：US4215055A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-29
申请号：US70828
申请日：1979-08-29
申请人： David A. Palmer , George E. Kuhlmann , Sydney G. Horsfield , Hobe Schroeder
发明人： David A. Palmer , George E. Kuhlmann , Sydney G. Horsfield , Hobe Schroeder
IPC分类号： C07C51/265 , C07C51/56 , C07D307/89
CPC分类号： C07C51/265 , C07C51/56
摘要： Phthalic anhydride of commercially acceptable quality can be recovered from the neat oxidation of liquid o-xylene with air in the presence of the catalysis system provided by cobalt, manganese and bromine conducted in a single step and in the presence of a small amount of benzoic acid to make miscible liquid o-phthalic acid and liquid o-xylene conducted in a single step to an 85 to 90 mole percent yield of o-phthalic acid provided the resulting liquid oxidation effluent is subjected to rapid dehydration of o-phthalic acid to its anhydride and rapid evaporation of the anhydride, water and compounds boiling between water and said anhydride which evaporation entrains phthalide in the vapor mixture followed by contact of the vapor mixture in a fractionating system whose reflux liquid is inert, boils at a temperature below the boiling temperature of phthalic anhydride and is a solvent therefor at a temperature below the freezing temperature of said anhydride whereby impure liquid anhydride is withdrawn as a water free liquid and charged to a step of heating with alkali metal hydroxide to remove phthalide and then fractionated to remove benzoic acid as a first fraction, high purity phthalic anhydride as a second fraction and materials boiling higher than the anhydride as a liquid third fraction.
摘要翻译：可以在由单一步骤中进行的钴，锰和溴提供的催化体系的存在下和在少量苯甲酸存在下，从空气中与液体邻二甲苯的纯氧化反应回收商业上可接受的质量的邻苯二甲酸酐使混合液体邻苯二甲酸和液体邻二甲苯在一个步骤中进行，得到邻苯二甲酸的85-90％（摩尔）产率，得到的液体氧化流出液经邻苯二甲酸快速脱水至其酸酐并且蒸发混合物中的蒸发混合物与回流液体为惰性的分馏系统中的蒸气混合物接触，在低于沸点温度并且在低于所述酸酐冷冻温度的温度下为其溶剂，从而使不纯的液体酸酐作为无水液体取出并加入到用碱金属氢氧化物加热以除去苯并呋喃的步骤，然后分馏以除去作为第一馏分的苯甲酸，作为第二馏分的高纯度邻苯二甲酸酐和沸点高于酸酐的材料液体第三部分。

2. 发明授权

US4215054A Production of liquid ortho-phthalic acid and its conversion to high purity phthalic anhydride 失效
标题翻译：液态邻苯二甲酸的生产及其转化为高纯度邻苯二甲酸酐
公开(公告)号：US4215054A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-29
申请号：US70827
申请日：1979-08-29
申请人： Hobe Schroeder , George E. Kuhlmann , Sydney G. Horsfield , David A. Palmer
发明人： Hobe Schroeder , George E. Kuhlmann , Sydney G. Horsfield , David A. Palmer
IPC分类号： C07C51/265 , C07C51/56 , C07D307/89
CPC分类号： C07C51/265 , C07C51/56
摘要： Phthalic anhydride of commercially acceptable quality can be recovered from the neat catalytic oxidation of liquid o-xylene with air in the presence of the catalysis system provided by cobalt, manganese and bromine conducted in a single step and in the presence of a small amount of benzoic acid to make miscible liquid o-phthalic acid and liquid oxylene conducted in a single step to an 80 to 90 mole percent yield of o-phthalic acid provided the resulting liquid oxidation effluent is subjected to rapid dehydration of o-phthalic acid to its anhydride and rapid evaporation of the anhydride, water and compounds boiling between water and said anhydride which evaporation entrains phthalide in the vapor mixture followed by contact of the vapor mixture with Pd/C and introducing the vapor mixture into a fractionating system whose reflux liquid is inert, boils at a temperature below the boiling temperature of phthalic anhydride and is a solvent therefor at a temperature below the freezing temperature of said anhydride whereby impure liquid anhydride is withdrawn as water-free liquid and charged to a step of heating with alkali metal hydroxide to remove phthalide and then fractionated to remove benzoic acid as a first fraction, high purity phthalic anhydride as a second fraction and materials boiling higher than the anhydride as a liquid third fraction.
摘要翻译：可在商业上可接受的质量的邻苯二甲酸酐在由钴，锰和溴提供的催化体系存在下，在单一步骤中并在少量苯甲酸存在下，从液体邻二甲苯的纯催化氧化中回收酸使得可混合的邻苯二甲酸和液体氧化烯在一个步骤中进行至80至90摩尔％的邻苯二甲酸产率，条件是所得的液体氧化流出物经其邻苯二甲酸快速脱水至其酸酐，酸酐，水和水和所述酸酐之间沸腾的化合物的蒸发迅速蒸发，蒸发在蒸气混合物中引入苯并呋喃，随后蒸气混合物与Pd / C接触，并将蒸汽混合物引入回流液体惰性的分馏系统中在低于邻苯二甲酸酐的沸点温度的温度下，在低于冷冻温度的温度下为其溶剂所述酸酐的所述酐，由此使不纯的液体酸酐作为无水液体排出，并加入到用碱金属氢氧化物加热以除去苯酞的步骤，然后分馏以除去作为第一级分的苯甲酸，作为第二馏分的高纯度邻苯二甲酸酐，沸点高于酸酐的物质作为液体第三级分。

3. 发明授权

US4215053A Production of ortho-phthalic acid and its conversion and recovery of phthalic anhydride 失效
标题翻译：邻苯二甲酸的生产及邻苯二甲酸酐的转化和回收
公开(公告)号：US4215053A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-29
申请号：US70664
申请日：1979-08-29
申请人： David A. Palmer , George E. Kuhlmann , Houssam M. Naim , Nicholas C. Huie , Hobe Schroeder
发明人： David A. Palmer , George E. Kuhlmann , Houssam M. Naim , Nicholas C. Huie , Hobe Schroeder
IPC分类号： C07C51/265 , C07C51/56 , C07D307/89
CPC分类号： C07C51/265 , C07C51/56
摘要： Phthalic anhydride of commercially acceptable quality can be produced continuously in yields of from about 80 up to about 83 mole percent (% of theoretical) through a combination of steps starting with the neat oxidation of liquid o-xylene with air in the presence of catalysis provided by cobalt, manganese and bromine. Said oxidation is conducted in two steps wherein the first step is conducted under mild conditions and short residence time to provide a liquid effluent containing 8 to 40 weight percent o-phthalic acid and 6 to 30 weight percent o-xylene and the second step oxidizes such liquid effluent composition under more vigorous conditions including higher reaction temperature and longer residence time until substantially all the o-xylene and precursors of o-phthalic acid have been converted to o-phthalic acid. Thereafter, the second liquid oxidation effluent is subjected to simultaneous rapid dehydration and phthalic anhydride evaporation followed by contact of the resulting mixture of vapors with a reflux liquid in a fractionation system to remove water as part of the top fraction and provide a liquid partially purified anhydride as a separate bottom fraction, heating said liquid anhydride with a catalytic amount of KOH to remove phthalide and then fractionating the phthalide-free liquid partially purified anhydride to obtain, in known manner, high purity phthalic anhydride product.
摘要翻译：商业上可接受的质量的邻苯二甲酸酐可以通过在催化剂存在下与液体邻二甲苯与空气的纯氧化反应开始的步骤组合，以约80至约83摩尔％（理论值的百分比）连续生产通过钴，锰和溴。所述氧化在两个步骤中进行，其中第一步在温和条件下进行并且停留时间短，以提供含有8-40重量％邻苯二甲酸和6-30重量％邻二甲苯的液体流出物，第二步骤氧化液体流出物组合物在更强的条件下，包括较高的反应温度和更长的停留时间，直到基本上所有的邻二甲苯和邻苯二甲酸的前体已经转化为邻苯二甲酸。此后，将第二液体氧化流出物同时进行快速脱水和邻苯二甲酸酐蒸发，然后将所得到的蒸气混合物与分馏系统中的回流液体接触，以除去水作为顶部馏分的一部分，并提供液体部分纯化的酐作为单独的底部馏分，用催化量的KOH加热所述液体酸酐以除去苯并呋喃，然后分馏无苯酞的液体部分纯化的酐，以已知方式获得高纯度邻苯二甲酸酐产物。

4. 发明授权

US4215052A Production of liquid ortho-phthalic acid and its conversion to high purity phthalic anhydride 失效
标题翻译：液态邻苯二甲酸的生产及其转化为高纯度邻苯二甲酸酐
公开(公告)号：US4215052A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-29
申请号：US70663
申请日：1979-08-29
申请人： Hobe Schroeder , David A. Palmer , George E. Kuhlmann , Houssam M. Naim , Nicholas C. Huie
发明人： Hobe Schroeder , David A. Palmer , George E. Kuhlmann , Houssam M. Naim , Nicholas C. Huie
IPC分类号： C07C51/265 , C07C51/56 , C07D307/89
CPC分类号： C07C51/265 , C07C51/56
摘要： Phthalic anhydride of commercially acceptable quality can be produced continuously in yields of from about 80 up to about 83 mole percent (% of theoretical) through a combination of steps starting with the neat oxidation of liquid o-xylene with air in the presence of the catalysis provided by cobalt, manganese and bromine. Said oxidation is conducted in two steps wherein the first step is conducted under mild conditions and short residence time to provide a liquid effluent containing 8 to 40 weight percent o-phthalic acid and 6 to 30 weight percent o-xylene and the second step oxidizes such liquid effluent composition under more vigorous conditions including higher reaction temperature and longer residence time until substantially all of the o-xylene and precursors of o-phthalic acid have been converted to o-phthalic acid. Thereafter the second liquid oxidation effluent is subjected to simultaneous rapid dehydration and phthalic anhydride evaporation followed by contact of the resulting mixture of vapors first with a noble metal catalyst to remove bromine contamination and then with a reflux liquid in a fractionation system to remove water as part of a top fraction and provide a liquid partially purified anhydride as the bottom fraction which is heated with a catalytic amount of KOH to remove phthalide and finally the phthalide-free liquid partially purified anhydride is fractionated to obtain, in known manner, high purity phthalic anhydride product.
摘要翻译：可以以约80至约83摩尔％（理论值的百分比）的产率连续地生产具有商业上可接受的质量的邻苯二甲酸酐，通过在催化剂存在下与液体邻二甲苯与空气的纯氧化开始的步骤组合由钴，锰和溴提供。所述氧化在两个步骤中进行，其中第一步在温和条件下进行并且停留时间短，以提供含有8-40重量％邻苯二甲酸和6-30重量％邻二甲苯的液体流出物，第二步骤氧化液体流出物组合物在更剧烈的条件下，包括较高的反应温度和更长的停留时间，直到基本上所有的邻二甲苯和邻苯二甲酸的前体已经转化为邻苯二甲酸。此后，将第二液体氧化流出物同时进行快速脱水和邻苯二甲酸酐蒸发，然后首先将所得蒸汽混合物与贵金属催化剂接触以除去溴污染物，然后用分馏系统中的回流液体除去水作为部分并提供液体部分纯化的酸酐作为底部馏分，用催化量的KOH加热以除去苯酞，最后分离分离无苯酞的液体部分纯化的酐，以已知的方式获得高纯度邻苯二甲酸酐产品。

5. 发明授权

US4215056A Formation, purification and recovery of phthalic anhydride 失效
标题翻译：邻苯二甲酸酐的形成，纯化和回收
公开(公告)号：US4215056A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-29
申请号：US70625
申请日：1979-08-29
申请人： Hobe Schroeder , David A. Palmer
发明人： Hobe Schroeder , David A. Palmer
IPC分类号： C07C51/56 , C07C51/573 , C07D307/89
CPC分类号： C07C51/56 , C07C51/573
摘要： Phthalic anhydride of commercially acceptable quality is recovered in high (94-96%) yields from a mixture containing on a weight basis from 70 to 90% o-phthalic acid, 1.5 to 21% water, 0.3 up to 13% benzoic acid, 0.2 up to 2% o-toluic acid, 0.2 to 1% 2-carboxybenzaldehyde, 0.1 up to 2% phthalide and from 1.3 up to 10% higher boiling materials by rapid dehydration of o-phthalic acid to its anhydride and rapid evaporation thereof followed by contact of the resulting vapor mixture with an inert reflux liquid in a fractionation zone to remove water and to provide a partial purification of the anhydride, removal of phthalide therefrom by only heating said partially purified anhydride in the presence of a catalytic amount of an alkali metal hydroxide having a molecular weight of at least 56 followed by fractionation of the phthalide-free mixture. Such process is more commercially attractive than melting said mixture containing 70 to 90% o-phthalic acid to dehydrate it to its anhydride and recovering the anhydride by fractionation because such apparently simple process cannot produce phthalic anhydride of a color or purity to be commercially acceptable nor can it provide an anhydride product substantially free of phthalide.
摘要翻译：以重量计含有70-90％邻邻苯二甲酸，1.5-2.1％水，0.3％至13％苯甲酸，0.2份（重量）邻苯二甲酸的混合物，以高（94-96％）的产率回收商业上可接受的质量的邻苯二甲酸酐高达2％的邻甲苯甲酸，0.2至1％的2-羧基苯甲醛，0.1至2％的苯酞和0.1至10％的较高沸点的物质，通过邻苯二甲酸快速脱水至其酸酐并迅速蒸发，将得到的蒸汽混合物与分馏区中的惰性回流液体接触以除去水，并提供酐的部分纯化，仅在加入所述部分纯化的酸酐的情况下，在催化量的碱金属分子量至少为56的氢氧化物，然后分离不含有无酞酸酯的混合物。这种方法比熔化含有70-90％邻苯二甲酸的混合物更具商业吸引力，以使其脱水至其酸酐并通过分馏回收酸酐，因为这种显然简单的方法不能产生颜色或纯度的商业上可接受的邻苯二甲酸酐它可以提供基本上不含苯酞的酸酐产物。

6. 发明授权

US4220596A Separation of phthalic anhydride from vapor mixture also containing water vapor 失效
标题翻译：从含有水蒸气的蒸汽混合物中分离出邻苯二甲酸酐
公开(公告)号：US4220596A
公开(公告)日：1980-09-02
申请号：US969879
申请日：1978-12-15
申请人： Jeffrey H. Schott , David A. Palmer , Hobe Schroeder
发明人： Jeffrey H. Schott , David A. Palmer , Hobe Schroeder
IPC分类号： C07C51/44 , C07C51/573 , C07D307/89
CPC分类号： C07C51/44 , C07C51/573
摘要： Water is separated from a mixture of vapors containing 60 to 86 wt. % phthalic anhydride, 5 to 25 wt. % water, 0.8 to 10 wt. % benzoic acid, 0.1 to 4 wt. % o-toluic acid and up to 5 wt. % impurities boiling just above phthalic anhydride (PAN) by a fractionation zone whose reflux liquid is insert to PAN and the aromatic acids and immiscible with water but dissolves PAN at temperatures between its melting and freezing points and also dissolves benzoic acid and o-toluic acid at such temperatures. The reflux liquid or a component thereof when not a single compound leaves the top of the fractionation system as a vapor and does not leave the bottom thereof with PAN. Such water separation technique avoids having PAN vapors in a condenser whose cooled surfaces can and do become coated with solid PAN.
摘要翻译：将水与含有60至86重量％的蒸汽的混合物分离。％邻苯二甲酸酐，5〜25wt。％水，0.8〜10重量％％苯甲酸，0.1〜4重量％％邻甲苯甲酸和最多5重量％通过其回流液体插入到PAN和芳族酸中并与水不混溶的分馏区，沸点正好在邻苯二甲酸酐（PAN）上的％杂质，但在其熔点和冰点之间的温度下溶解PAN并且还溶解苯甲酸和邻甲苯甲酸在这样的温度下。当不是单一化合物时，回流液体或其组分离开分离系统的顶部作为蒸汽并且不将其底部留下PAN。这种水分离技术避免了在冷凝器中具有PAN蒸气，其冷却表面可以并且确实变成用固体PAN涂覆。

7. 发明授权

US4234494A Formation, purification and recovery of phthalic anhydride 失效
标题翻译：邻苯二甲酸酐的形成，纯化和回收
公开(公告)号：US4234494A
公开(公告)日：1980-11-18
申请号：US70662
申请日：1979-08-29
申请人： Hobe Schroeder , David A. Palmer
发明人： Hobe Schroeder , David A. Palmer
IPC分类号： C07C51/56 , C07D307/89
CPC分类号： C07C51/56
摘要： Phthalic anhydride of commercially acceptable quality is recovered in high (94-96%) yields from a mixture containing, on a weight basis, from 70 to 90% o-phthalic acid, 1.5 to 21% water, 0.3 up to 13% benzoic acid, 0.2 up to 2% o-toluic acid, 0.2 to 1% 2-carboxybenzaldehyde, 0.1 up to 2% phthalide, from 1.3 up to 10% higher boiling materials, and from 0.05 up to 0.8% bromine by rapid dehydration of o-phthalic acid to its anhydride and rapid evaporation thereof followed by contact of the resulting vapor mixture with a noble metal catalyst to remove bromine and then with an inert reflux liquid in a fractionation zone to remove water and to provide a partial purification of the anhydride, removal of phthalide therefrom by only heating said partially purified anhydride in the presence of a catalytic amount of an alkali metal hydroxide having a molecular weight of at least 56 followed by fractionation of the phthalide-free mixture. Such process is more commercially attractive than melting said mixture containing 70 to 90% o-phthalic acid to dehydrate it to its anhydride and recovering the anhydride by fractionation because such apparently simple process cannot produce phthalic anhydride of a color or purity to be commercially acceptable nor can it provide an anhydride product substantially free of phthalide and bromine.
摘要翻译：从含有70-90％邻苯二甲酸，1.5-21％水，0.3％至13％苯甲酸的混合物的混合物中以高（94-96％）的产率回收商业上可接受的质量的邻苯二甲酸酐，0.2至2％邻甲苯甲酸，0.2至1％2-羧基苯甲醛，0.1至2％苯酞，0.1至10％沸点高的物质和0.05至0.8％的溴，通过快速脱水，邻苯二甲酸至其酸酐并迅速蒸发，随后将所得蒸汽混合物与贵金属催化剂接触以除去溴，然后与分馏区中的惰性回流液接触以除去水并提供酸酐的部分纯化，去除通过仅在催化量的分子量至少为56的碱金属氢氧化物存在下加热所述部分纯化的酸酐，然后分离无苯并苯醚的混合物，从而进行。这种方法比熔化含有70-90％邻苯二甲酸的混合物更具商业吸引力，以使其脱水至其酸酐并通过分馏回收酸酐，因为这种显然简单的方法不能产生颜色或纯度的商业上可接受的邻苯二甲酸酐它能提供基本上不含苯酞和溴的酸酐产物。

8. 发明授权

US4233227A Phthalic anhydride formation and separation 失效
标题翻译：邻苯二甲酸酐的形成和分离
公开(公告)号：US4233227A
公开(公告)日：1980-11-11
申请号：US82069
申请日：1979-10-05
申请人： Hobe Schroeder , David A. Palmer
发明人： Hobe Schroeder , David A. Palmer
IPC分类号： C07C51/56 , C07C51/573 , C07D307/89
CPC分类号： C07C51/56 , C07C51/573
摘要： Undesirable discoloration of resultant phthalic anhydride and decomposition thereof and/or o-phthalic acid accompanying dehydration of o-phthalic acid to its anhydride in the presence of oxidation catalyst components Co, Mn and Br can be avoided by the rapid dehydration of o-phthalic acid and rapid vaporization of its anhydride occurring at a reduced pressure of downward from 760 mm Hg down to 40 mm Hg and at a temperature of from 180.degree. C. up to 250.degree. C. under continuous flow conditions which permit rapid removal of anhydride as vapor stream from catalyst components remaining as part of a fluid residue.
摘要翻译：在氧化催化剂组分Co，Mn和Br存在下，邻苯二甲酸和/或邻苯二甲酸的偶联变色伴随邻苯二甲酸脱水至其酸酐可以通过邻苯二甲酸的快速脱水来避免并且在连续流动条件下，其降解速率从760mmHg向下降至40mm Hg，在180℃至250℃的温度下快速蒸发，其允许快速除去酸酐作为蒸气从作为流体残留物的一部分残留的催化剂组分流。

9. 发明授权

US4215051A Formation, purification and recovery of phthalic anhydride 失效
标题翻译：邻苯二甲酸酐的形成，纯化和回收
公开(公告)号：US4215051A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-29
申请号：US70624
申请日：1979-08-29
申请人： Hobe Schroeder , David A. Palmer
发明人： Hobe Schroeder , David A. Palmer
IPC分类号： C07C51/56 , C07C51/573 , C07D307/89
CPC分类号： C07C51/56 , C07C51/573
摘要： Phthalic anhydride of commercially acceptable quality is recovered in high (94-96%) yields from a mixture containing, on a weight basis, from 70 to 90% o-phthalic acid, 1.5 to 20% water, 0.3 up to 13% benzoic acid, 0.2 up to 2% o-toluic acid, 0.2 to 1% 2-carboxybenzaldehyde, 0.1 up to 2% phthalide and from 1.3 up to 10% higher boiling materials by rapid dehydration of o-phthalic acid to its anhydride and rapid evaporation thereof followed by contact of the resulting vapor mixture with an inert reflux liquid in a fractionation zone to remove water and to provide a partial purification of the anhydride, removal of phthalide therefrom by only heating said partially purified anhydride in the presence of a catalytic amount of an alkali metal hydroxide having a molecular weight of at least 56 followed by fractionation of the phthalide-free mixture. Such process is more commercially attractive than melting said mixture containing 70 to 90% o-phthalic acid to dehydrate it to its anhydride and recovering the anhydride by fractionation because such apparently simple process cannot produce phthalic anhydride of a color or purity to be commercially acceptable nor can it provide an anhydride product substantially free of phthalide.
摘要翻译：从含有70-90％邻苯二甲酸，1.5-20％水，0.3％至13％苯甲酸的混合物的混合物中以高（94-96％）的产率回收商业上可接受的质量的邻苯二甲酸酐，0.2至2％邻甲苯甲酸，0.2至1％2-羧基苯甲醛，0.1至2％苯酞和0.1至高达10％的沸点高的物质，通过邻苯二甲酸快速脱水至其酸酐并快速蒸发然后将所得蒸汽混合物与分馏区中的惰性回流液体接触以除去水，并提供酸酐的部分纯化，通过仅在加入所述部分纯化的酸酐的情况下，在催化量的分子量至少为56的碱金属氢氧化物，然后分离无苯酞的混合物。这种方法比熔化含有70-90％邻苯二甲酸的混合物更具商业吸引力，以使其脱水至其酸酐并通过分馏回收酐，因为这种显而易见的方法不能产生颜色或纯度的商业上可接受的邻苯二甲酸酐它可以提供基本上不含苯酞的酸酐产物。

10. 发明申请

US20130007381A1 UNALIGNED DATA COALESCING 有权
标题翻译：统计数据分析
公开(公告)号：US20130007381A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-03
申请号：US13175388
申请日：2011-07-01
申请人： David A. Palmer
发明人： David A. Palmer
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/0246 , G06F12/04 , G06F2212/1016 , G06F2212/1036 , G06F2212/7203
摘要： The present disclosure includes methods and systems for coalescing unaligned data. One method includes receiving a first write command associated with a first unaligned portion of data, receiving a second write command associated with a second unaligned portion of data, and coalescing the first unaligned portion of data and the second unaligned portion of data, wherein coalescing includes writing the first unaligned portion of data and the second unaligned portion of data to a page in a memory device.
摘要翻译：本公开包括用于聚合未对齐数据的方法和系统。一种方法包括接收与第一未对齐部分数据相关联的第一写入命令，接收与第二未对齐部分数据相关联的第二写入命令，以及合并数据的第一未对齐部分和第二未对齐部分数据，其中聚结包括将数据的第一未对齐部分和第二未对齐部分数据写入存储器设备中的页面。

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