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1. 发明授权

US5297043A Rapid display of rotated and translated three dimensional image representations 失效
标题翻译：快速显示旋转和翻译的三维图像表示
公开(公告)号：US5297043A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-22
申请号：US597191
申请日：1990-10-15
申请人： Heang K. Tuy , Todd J. Krochta
发明人： Heang K. Tuy , Todd J. Krochta
IPC分类号： A61B6/03 , G06Q50/24 , G06T1/00 , G06T7/60 , G06T11/00 , G06T15/08 , G06T15/40 , G06T17/00 , G06F15/42
CPC分类号： G06T11/006 , G06T17/00
摘要： A C.T. scanner (A) or other medical diagnostic imager generates volume image data which is stored in an image memory (B). An image memory access controller (30) withdraws selected pixel values from the volume image memory which it provides a video processor (20) to formulate the appropriate video signals for display on a video monitor (C). An operator defines a volume on an operator controller (32). A plurality of interconnected polygons define the three-dimensional volume specified by the operator. The video processor converts these defined polygons into an appropriate display on the monitor. The polygons are selected to define a subregion to be viewed. The polygons are rotated about one or more of (x), (y), and (z) axis, scaled, and translated along these axis to select an orientation from which the polygon and enclosed data is to be viewed. The rotation, scaling and translation is stored (38, 40, 42). From each pixel interior to the projection of a visible polygon onto the screen, the coordinates of a sample in the polygon are calculated via the inverse of the stored rotation, scaling, and translation. The CT value of sample and that of its neighbors are retrieved, interpolated, weighted with the surface gradient and illuminated on the screen. The polygons are compared and hidden surfaces removed (54). Retrieved pixel values that correspond to air or other tissue that is not to be viewed rather, the access control means continues to step along the translated and rotated viewing direction ray until a pixel value is found which meets the air and non-viewed tissue viewing criteria (62). For a more lifelike image, shading is added (64) to data corresponding to one or more of the polygons.
摘要翻译：一个C.T. 扫描仪（A）或其他医疗诊断成像器产生存储在图像存储器（B）中的体积图像数据。图像存储器访问控制器（30）从卷图像存储器中提取所选择的像素值，该图像存储器提供视频处理器（20）以制定适当的视频信号以在视频监视器（C）上显示。操作者在操作员控制器（32）上定义一个卷。多个互连的多边形定义了由操作者指定的三维体积。视频处理器将这些定义的多边形转换为监视器上的适当显示。选择多边形来定义要查看的子区域。多边形围绕（x），（y）和（z）轴的一个或多个旋转，沿着这些轴进行缩放和平移，以选择要从其看到多边形和封闭数据的方向。旋转，缩放和平移被存储（38,40,42）。从每个像素内部到可见多边形的投影到屏幕上，通过存储的旋转，缩放和平移的倒数来计算多边形中的样本的坐标。样本的CT值和邻域的CT值被检索，内插，用表面梯度加权并在屏幕上照亮。对多边形进行比较和隐藏表面去除（54）。对应于不被观看的空气或其他组织的检索的像素值，访问控制装置继续沿着平移和旋转的观察方向射线步进，直到找到满足空气和未观看组织观察标准的像素值（62）。对于更逼真的图像，将阴影（64）添加到对应于一个或多个多边形的数据。

2. 发明授权

US5303148A Voice actuated volume image controller and display controller 失效
标题翻译：语音驱动音量图像控制器和显示控制器
公开(公告)号：US5303148A
公开(公告)日：1994-04-12
申请号：US605372
申请日：1990-10-30
申请人： Rodney A. Mattson , Todd J. Krochta , Heang K. Tuy
发明人： Rodney A. Mattson , Todd J. Krochta , Heang K. Tuy
IPC分类号： G06T11/00 , G06T17/00 , G06F15/40
CPC分类号： G06T11/006 , G06T17/00
摘要： During surgery, a physician speaks commands that are received by a microphone (10). A speech processor (12) converts audio signals from the microphone into word signals. A command interpreter (14) compares each word signal with a list of previously authorized command words. When the word signal corresponds to one of the preselected command words, a corresponding command signal is generated and sent to a volume imager (18), a video recorder (20), a hard copy, printer (28), or other system component. The volume imager generates an image representation signal indicative of a portion of image data stored therein which is displayed on a video monitor (B) or recorded on the video recorder.
摘要翻译：在手术过程中，医师说话由麦克风接收的命令（10）。语音处理器（12）将来自麦克风的音频信号转换为字信号。命令解释器（14）将每个字信号与先前授权的命令字的列表进行比较。当字信号对应于预选命令字中的一个时，生成相应的命令信号并将其发送到卷成像器（18），录像机（20），硬拷贝，打印机（28）或其他系统组件。体积成像器产生指示存储在其中的图像数据的一部分的图像表示信号，其显示在视频监视器（B）上或记录在录像机上。

3. 发明授权

US5170347A System to reformat images for three-dimensional display using unique spatial encoding and non-planar bisectioning 失效
标题翻译：使用独特的空间编码和非平面二等分重新格式化三维显示图像的系统
公开(公告)号：US5170347A
公开(公告)日：1992-12-08
申请号：US517388
申请日：1990-04-30
申请人： Heang K. Tuy , Todd J. Krochta , Frederick C. Mailey , Hsayjern Lin
发明人： Heang K. Tuy , Todd J. Krochta , Frederick C. Mailey , Hsayjern Lin
IPC分类号： G06T11/00 , G06T17/00
CPC分类号： G06T11/006 , G06T17/00 , G06T2211/424
摘要： A system for three-dimensional diagnostic imaging generates a plurality of slice images of a specimen. A region of interest is selected from within a slice and is extrapolated to subsequent slices. A boundary indicative of a surface of interest is selected from within the region of interest to facilitate generation of an image representative of a three-dimensional surface of interest to be assembled from subsequent slices of the plurality. A viewing surface is defined in relation to a generated surface image which was selected from the boundary. A scaling means assigns a scaled gray level to the three-dimensional image to facilitate three-dimensional viewing of the object when it is projected on the viewing surface. Image information is selectably modified by data from the original slice images to add surface density visualization. Means is also provided to facilitate selective segmentation of a three-dimensional image along a plane or planes of interest. An interactive procedure is provided to facilitate cutting of a three-dimensional object from its perspective view (with or without density information).
摘要翻译：用于三维诊断成像的系统产生样本的多个切片图像。从切片内选择感兴趣的区域，并将其推广到随后的切片。从感兴趣的区域内选择指示感兴趣的表面的边界，以便于生成代表要由多个后续切片组装的感兴趣的三维表面的图像。观察表面相对于从边界中选择的生成的表面图像来定义。缩放装置将缩放的灰度等级分配给三维图像，以便当对象投影在观察表面上时便于三维观看。通过原始切片图像的数据可选择地修改图像信息，以增加表面密度可视化。还提供了用于促进沿着感兴趣的平面或平面的三维图像的选择性分割的手段。提供了一种交互式过程，以便于从其透视图（具有或不具有密度信息）切割三维物体。

4. 发明授权

US5079699A Quick three-dimensional display 失效
标题翻译：快速立体显示
公开(公告)号：US5079699A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-07
申请号：US391484
申请日：1989-08-09
申请人： Heang K. Tuy , Todd J. Krochta
发明人： Heang K. Tuy , Todd J. Krochta
IPC分类号： A61B6/03 , A61B5/055 , G06T11/00 , G06T15/08 , G06T17/00
CPC分类号： G06T11/006 , G06T17/00
摘要： A diagnostic imaging system generates a three-dimensional display from a series of two-dimensional slice images. A region of interest, defined from a boundary of interest, is selected from one slice and is extrapolated to subsequent slices. Pixels representative of the boundary of interest are isolated and represented by three vectors having an equivalent entries in each. First and second vectors store data representative of first and second coordinates for pixels within each slice. Entries in the third vector corresponds to physical properties of a specimen at a location defined by corresponding entries in the first and second vectors. Areas representative of boundaries of interest falling between slices are extrapolated from vector data from slices neighboring the area. This is accomplished by a linear interpolation of elements of the set of smaller vectors to a number equivalent to the entries in the neighboring larger vectors. Next, a linear extrapolation between respective elements of the lengthened vector and the longer of the vector is made. Finally, a linear interpolation of the intermediate vector to a number of vector elements intermediate the larger and smaller of the neighboring vectors is made. This process is suitably continued during a preselected number of iterations. Finally, a discretized three-dimensional object represented by all sets of first, second, and third vectors are mapped to pixels of an associated pixel frame.
摘要翻译：诊断成像系统从一系列二维切片图像生成三维显示。从感兴趣的边界定义的感兴趣区域从一个切片中选择，并被外推到随后的切片。表示感兴趣边界的像素被分离并由具有每个等价条目的三个向量表示。第一和第二矢量存储表示每个切片内的像素的第一和第二坐标的数据。第三载体中的条目对应于在第一和第二载体中的相应条目定义的位置处的样本的物理性质。代表切片之间的关联边界的区域从与该区域相邻的切片的矢量数据外推。这是通过将一组较小矢量的元素线性内插到等于相邻较大矢量中的条目的数量来实现的。接下来，进行延长的矢量的各个要素与矢量的长度之间的线性外推。最后，将中间向量的线性内插作为在较大和较小的相邻向量之间的多个向量元素。在预选数量的迭代期间适当地继续该过程。最后，由所有第一，第二和第三矢量集合表示的离散三维物体被映射到相关联的像素帧的像素。

5. 发明授权

US4882679A System to reformat images for three-dimensional display 失效
标题翻译：系统重新格式化图像以进行三维显示
公开(公告)号：US4882679A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-21
申请号：US126368
申请日：1987-11-27
申请人： Heang K. Tuy , Todd J. Krochta , Frederick C. Mailey , Hsayjern Lin
发明人： Heang K. Tuy , Todd J. Krochta , Frederick C. Mailey , Hsayjern Lin
IPC分类号： A61B6/03 , A61B5/055 , A61B10/00 , G06T1/00 , G06T11/00 , G06T17/00
CPC分类号： G06T11/006 , G06T17/00
摘要： A system for three-dimensional diagnostic imaging generates a plurality of slice images of a specimen. A region of interest is selected from within a slice and is extrapolated to subsequent slices. A boundary of indicative of a surface of interest is selected from within the region of interest to facilitate generation of an image representation of a three-dimensional surface of interest to be assembled from subsequent slices of the plurality. A viewing surface is defined in relation to a generated surface image which was selected from the boundary. A scaling means assigns a scaled gray level to the three-dimensional image to facilitate three-dimensional viewing of the object when it is projected on the viewing surface. Image information is selectably modified by data from the original slice images to add surface density visualization. Means is also provided to facilitate selective segmentation of a three-dimensional image along a plane or planes of interest. An interactive procedure is provided to facilitate cutting of a three-dimensional object from its perspective view (with or without density information).

6. 发明授权

US5384861A Multi-parameter image display with real time interpolation 失效
标题翻译：具有实时插值功能的多参数图像显示
公开(公告)号：US5384861A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-24
申请号：US719827
申请日：1991-06-24
申请人： Rodney A. Mattson , Todd J. Krochta , Dominic J. Heuscher
发明人： Rodney A. Mattson , Todd J. Krochta , Dominic J. Heuscher
IPC分类号： A61B6/03 , G06F17/17 , G06T1/00 , G06T5/20 , G06T11/80 , G06F15/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/175
摘要： A source (A) of images, such as a CT scanner (10), a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus (12), and the like produces a plurality of basis images (I.sub.0, I.sub.1, I.sub.2, I.sub.3 . . . ). Two of the basis images are subtracted and divided (70, 72) by a number of interpolation increments (L.sub.1) to form a first differential image (I.sub..DELTA.1). The first and the third basis images are subtracted and divided (76, 78) by a number of available interpolation increments (L.sub.2) to form a second differential image (I.sub..DELTA.2). Four differential images are selectively combined and divided by a product of the first and second available increments (82, 84) to form a second order differential image (I.sup.2.sub..DELTA.12). An array of adders (D) selectively adds the first differential image to a currently displayed image stored in an image memory E each time a track ball (104) moves a cursor one increment in a horizontal position. Each time the track ball moves the cursor one increment up or down along the vertical column, the adder array adds or subtracts the second differential image to the currently displayed image. Each time the track ball steps the cursor between rows or between columns, the second order differential image is used to correct one of the first and second differential images. In this manner, only the currently displayed image, the first differential image, the second differential image, and the second order differential image need be stored to provide free interpolation among four basis images. The basis images themselves need not be stored.
摘要翻译：诸如CT扫描器（10），磁共振成像设备（12）等的图像源（A）产生多个基本图像（I0，I1，I2，I3 ...）。两个基本图像被减去并被分割（70,72）多个插值增量（L1）以形成第一差分图像（I DELTA 1）。第一和第三基础图像被减去并被分割（76,78）多个可用的插值增量（L2）以形成第二差分图像（I DELTA 2）。选择性地组合四个差分图像并将其除以第一和第二可用增量（82,84）的乘积以形成二阶差分图像（I2 DELTA 12）。每当轨迹球（104）将光标移动到水平位置的一个增量时，加法器阵列（D）选择性地将第一差分图像添加到存储在图像存储器E中的当前显示的图像。每次轨迹球沿着垂直列向上或向下移动光标时，加法器阵列将第二差分图像加到或减去当前显示的图像。轨道球每次在行之间或列之间移动光标时，二阶差分图像用于校正第一和第二差分图像之一。以这种方式，仅存储当前显示的图像，第一差分图像，第二差分图像和二阶差分图像，以在四个基本图像之间提供空闲内插。基本图像本身不需要存储。

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