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1. 发明授权

US4613758A Direct reading detector/dosimeter for neutrons and other high LET radiation 失效
标题翻译：用于中子和其他高LET辐射的直读式探测器/剂量计
公开(公告)号：US4613758A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-23
申请号：US638308
申请日：1984-08-06
申请人： Harry Ing , Hyman C. Birnboim
发明人： Harry Ing , Hyman C. Birnboim
IPC分类号： G01T3/00 , G01T1/02 , G01T1/04 , G01T5/00 , G01T5/06
CPC分类号： G01T1/02 , G01T1/04
摘要： A direct reading detector/dosimeter for neutrons and other high LET radiation is described, comprising a selected, substantially transparent, elastic solid medium uniformly impregnated with droplets of an immiscible detector liquid. The detector liquid-in-solid is appropriately confined and rendered stable for storage by adding a layer of excess detector liquid and sealing in a container. On opening the container and removing the excess detector liquid, the detector liquid droplets become superheated and the detector/dosimeter is activated. Neutrons and other high LET radiation will trigger the vaporization of the superheated droplets and the selected elastic, solid medium will trap the products of vaporization and retain a visual record thereof over an extended time. The number of vaporization events can be counted to give a measure of the radiation dose.
摘要翻译：描述了用于中子和其他高LET辐射的直接读取检测器/剂量计，其包括均匀地浸渍有不混溶检测器液体的液滴的选定的，基本上透明的弹性固体介质。通过在容器中加入过量的检测液并密封，将液体固体检测器适当地限制并保持稳定。在打开容器并除去多余的检测器液体时，检测器液滴变得过热并且检测器/剂量计被激活。中子和其他高LET辐射将触发过热液滴的蒸发，并且所选择的弹性固体介质将捕获蒸发产物并在延长的时间内保持其视觉记录。可以计算蒸发事件的数量以给出辐射剂量的量度。

2. 发明授权

US5976829A Dual purpose tissue fixative 失效
标题翻译：双重目的组织固定剂
公开(公告)号：US5976829A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-02
申请号：US708056
申请日：1996-08-30
申请人： Hyman C. Birnboim
发明人： Hyman C. Birnboim
IPC分类号： G01N1/28 , G01N1/30 , C12Q1/08 , C12Q1/00
CPC分类号： G01N1/28 , G01N1/30 , G01N2001/305 , Y10T436/10 , Y10T436/107497 , Y10T436/108331
摘要： A dual purpose tissue fixative is described. The fixative comprises a cross-linking aldehyde, alcohol, a chelating agent and a non-amine buffer. More particularly, the tissue fixative comprises 0.1-2% w/v formaldehyde, 45-90% w/w alcohol, 1-10 mM of a chelating agent and 1-50 mM of a non-nitrogen buffer. The tissue fixative permits the recovery of high molecular weight DNA and RNA from the tissue sample for molecular genetic analysis. The tissue fixative also preserves the morphology and immunogenicity of the tissue allowing for pathology analysis. The tissue fixative is compared to 95% alcohol and a standard fixative as 10% BNF.
摘要翻译：描述了双重目的的组织固定剂。固定剂包括交联醛，醇，螯合剂和非胺缓冲剂。更具体地，组织固定剂包含0.1-2％w / v甲醛，45-90％w / w醇，1-10mM螯合剂和1-50mM非氮缓冲液。组织固定剂允许从组织样品中回收高分子量DNA和RNA用于分子遗传分析。组织固定剂还保留组织的形态和免疫原性，允许病理分析。将组织固定剂与95％酒精和标准固定剂作为10％BNF进行比较。

3. 发明授权

US4407942A Fluorescent detection of DNA damage 失效
标题翻译：荧光检测DNA损伤
公开(公告)号：US4407942A
公开(公告)日：1983-10-04
申请号：US229539
申请日：1981-01-29
申请人： Hyman C. Birnboim
发明人： Hyman C. Birnboim
IPC分类号： G01N33/50 , C12N15/09 , C12Q1/02 , C12Q1/68 , C12Q1/6816 , G01N33/52
CPC分类号： C12Q1/6816 , C12Q1/68 , G01N33/52 , G01N2800/52 , Y10T436/143333
摘要： A sensitive method for detecting damage of DNA, e.g. resulting from exposure of living cells or whole organisms to low doses of radiation or chemicals, is described comprising: partial lysis of exposed cells to access the DNA; alkaline denaturing the DNA; after a selected interval stopping the denaturation by lowering the pH to a selected value; rendering the lysate homogeneous; adding an appropriate fluorescent dye which interacts preferentially with double-stranded DNA and measuring the resulting fluorescence. The decrease in fluorescence (compared to that before denaturation) is a measure of the rate of DNA denaturation which is directly proportional to the extent of DNA damage. Several factors, particularly the lowered pH at which the denaturation is stopped, have been found important for increased sensitivity. The method is suitable for monitoring the effect on DNA in living cells of environmental factors, drug and radiation therapy, and for toxicology studies. A kit adapted for carrying out the test method is described.
摘要翻译：检测DNA的损伤的敏感方法，例如描述了将活细胞或整个生物体暴露于低剂量的辐射或化学物质所引起的结果，其包括：暴露的细胞部分裂解以进入DNA; 碱性变性DNA; 在选定的间隔后通过将pH降低到所选值来停止变性; 使裂解物均匀; 添加适当的荧光染料，其优先与双链DNA相互作用并测量所得到的荧光。荧光减少（与变性前相比）是DNA变性速率的量度，其与DNA损伤程度成正比。已经发现几个因素，特别是变性停止的降低的pH对增加敏感性是重要的。该方法适用于监测环境因素，药物和放射治疗以及毒理学研究对活细胞中DNA的影响。描述了适用于执行测试方法的套件。

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