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1. 发明授权

US4122340A Pulsed neutron porosity logging system 失效
标题翻译：脉冲中子孔隙度测井系统
公开(公告)号：US4122340A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-24
申请号：US789059
申请日：1977-04-20
申请人： Harry D. Smith, Jr. , Michael P. Smith , Ward E. Schultz
发明人： Harry D. Smith, Jr. , Michael P. Smith , Ward E. Schultz
IPC分类号： G01V5/10 , G01V5/00
CPC分类号： G01V5/105
摘要： An improved pulsed neutron porosity logging system is provided in the present invention. A logging tool provided with a 14 MEV pulsed neutron source, an epithermal neutron detector, and a fast neutron detector is moved through a borehole. Repetitive bursts of neutrons irradiate the earth formations and, during the bursts, the fast neutron population is sampled. During the interval between bursts the epithermal neutron population is sampled along with background gamma radiation due to lingering thermal neutrons. The fast and epithermal neutron population measurements are combined to provide a measurement of formation porosity.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种改进的脉冲中子孔隙测井系统。设有14 MEV脉冲中子源，超热中子检测器和快中子检测器的测井工具通过钻孔移动。重复爆发的中子照射到地层，并在爆发期间对快中子群进行采样。在爆发间隔期间，由于滞留的热中子，超热中子群与背景伽马辐射一起被采样。将快速和超热中子群体测量结合起来以提供地层孔隙度的测量。

2. 发明授权

US4152590A Simultaneous thermal neutron decay time and porosity logging system 失效
标题翻译：同时热中子衰变时间和孔隙度测井系统
公开(公告)号：US4152590A
公开(公告)日：1979-05-01
申请号：US798717
申请日：1977-05-19
申请人： Harry D. Smith, Jr. , Michael P. Smith , Ward E. Schultz
发明人： Harry D. Smith, Jr. , Michael P. Smith , Ward E. Schultz
IPC分类号： G01V5/10 , G01V5/00
CPC分类号： G01V5/105
摘要： A simultaneous pulsed neutron porosity and thermal neutron capture cross section logging system is provided in the present invention. A logging tool provided with a 14 MeV pulsed neutron source, an epithermal neutron detector, and a combination gamma ray and fast neutron detector is moved through a borehole. Repetitive bursts of neutrons irradiate the earth formations and, during the bursts, the fast neutron and epithermal neutron populations are sampled. During the interval between bursts the thermal neutron capture gamma ray population is sampled in two or more time intervals. The fast and epithermal neutron population measurements are combined to provide a measurement of formation porosity .phi.. The capture gamma ray measurements are combined to provide a simultaneous determination of the thermal neutron capture cross section .SIGMA..
摘要翻译：在本发明中提供了同时脉冲中子孔隙度和热中子俘获截面测井系统。设有14MeV脉冲中子源，超热中子检测器和伽马射线和快速中子检测器的测井工具通过井眼移动。中子的重复爆发照射到地层，并在爆发期间对快中子和超热中子群进行采样。在脉冲间隔期间，以两个或更多个时间间隔对热中子俘获伽马射线群进行采样。快速和超热中子群体测量结合起来，提供地层孔隙度测量值。组合捕获伽马射线测量以提供热中子俘获截面SIGMA的同时测定。

3. 发明授权

US4134011A Earth formation porosity log using measurement of fast neutron energy spectrum 失效
标题翻译：使用快中子能谱测量的地球孔隙度测井
公开(公告)号：US4134011A
公开(公告)日：1979-01-09
申请号：US789058
申请日：1977-04-20
申请人： Harry D. Smith, Jr. , Michael P. Smith , Ward E. Schultz
发明人： Harry D. Smith, Jr. , Michael P. Smith , Ward E. Schultz
IPC分类号： G01V5/10 , G01V5/00
CPC分类号： G01V5/105
摘要： An improved measurement of earth formation porosity is provided by the present invention using measurements of the energy spectrum of fast neutrons. A continuous source of fast neutrons is used to irradiate earth formations penetrated by a well borehole. Two neutron detectors, a fast neutron detector sensitive in the high energy range of the fast neutron energy spectrum, and an epithermal neutron detector, sensitive in the lower energy range of fast neutrons, are spaced at the same effective distance from the neutron source. Measurements of the neutron population at each detector are combined according to predetermined relationships to derive a measurement of earth formation porosity.
摘要翻译：通过使用快中子能谱的测量，本发明提供了对地球孔隙度的改进的测量。连续的快中子源用于照射井眼穿透的地层。在快中子能谱的高能量范围内敏感的两个中子探测器和在快中子的较低能量范围内敏感的超热中子探测器与中子源间隔相同的有效距离。根据预定关系对每个探测器的中子群进行测量，以得出地层孔隙度的测量值。

4. 发明授权

US4122339A Earth formation pulsed neutron porosity logging system utilizing epithermal neutron and inelastic scattering gamma ray detectors 失效
标题翻译：利用超热中子和非弹性散射γ射线探测器的地球脉冲中子孔隙度测井系统
公开(公告)号：US4122339A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-24
申请号：US789057
申请日：1977-04-20
申请人： Harry D. Smith, Jr. , Michael P. Smith , Ward E. Schultz
发明人： Harry D. Smith, Jr. , Michael P. Smith , Ward E. Schultz
IPC分类号： G01V5/10 , G01V5/00
CPC分类号： G01V5/105
摘要： An improved pulsed neutron porosity logging system is provided in the present invention. A logging tool provided with a 14 MEV pulsed neutron source, an epithermal neutron detector and an inelastic scattering gamma ray detector is moved through a borehole. The detection of inelastic gamma rays provides a measure of the fast neutron population in the vicinity of the detector. Repetitive bursts of neutrons irradiate the earth formation and, during the bursts, inelastic gamma rays representative of the fast neutron population is sampled. During the interval between bursts the epithermal neutron population is sampled along with background gamma radiation due to lingering thermal neutrons. The fast and epithermal neutron population measurements are combined to provide a measurement of formation porosity.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种改进的脉冲中子孔隙测井系统。设有14 MEV脉冲中子源，超热中子探测器和非弹性散射伽马射线探测器的测井工具通过钻孔移动。非弹性γ射线的检测提供了检测器附近的快中子群的量度。中子的重复爆发照射地球，并且在爆发期间，对代表快中子群体的非弹性γ射线进行采样。在爆发间隔期间，由于滞留的热中子，超热中子群与背景伽马辐射一起被采样。将快速和超热中子群体测量结合起来以提供地层孔隙度的测量。

5. 发明授权

US08234072B2 Methods of identifying high neutron capture cross section doped proppant in induced subterranean formation fractures 有权
$Methods of identifying high neutron capture cross section doped proppant in induced subterranean formation fractures$
标题翻译：识别诱导地下裂缝中高中子捕获截面掺杂支撑剂的方法
公开(公告)号：US08234072B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-31
申请号：US12820576
申请日：2010-06-22
申请人： Harry D. Smith, Jr. , Michael P. Smith , Robert Duenckel
发明人： Harry D. Smith, Jr. , Michael P. Smith , Robert Duenckel
IPC分类号： G01V1/40 , G01V5/04 , G01V5/10 , E21B47/00
CPC分类号： G01V5/101 , G01V5/107
摘要： Methods for determining the locations/heights of fractures in a subterranean formation use a post-fracture log obtained with a compensated neutron or pulsed neutron logging tool. Utilizing predetermined relationships between tool count rates and associated near/far count rate ratios, the methods detect the presence of proppant containing high thermal neutron capture cross-section material, substantially eliminating proppant determination uncertainty resulting from changes in formation hydrogen index. In an interval of a well with given borehole and formation conditions, and not containing proppant, a relationship is developed between detector count rate and near/far ratio. This relationship is used to compute count rate from the ratio in intervals of the well possibly containing proppant and which have similar formation and borehole conditions. The count rate computed from the ratio is compared with the observed detector count rate, with proppant indicated from suppression in observed count rate relative to count rate computed from the ratio.
摘要翻译：用于确定地层中裂缝的位置/高度的方法使用用补偿的中子或脉冲中子测井工具获得的断裂后测井。利用工具计数率和相关的近/远计数率之间的预定关系，该方法检测含有高热中子捕获截面材料的支撑剂的存在，基本上消除了由形成氢指数变化导致的支撑剂确定不确定性。在具有给定钻孔和形成条件的井的间隔内，并且不含支撑剂，在检测器计数率和近/远比之间形成关系。这种关系用于从可能含有支撑剂的井的间隔的比例计算计数率，并且具有相似的形成和钻孔条件。将从该比计算的计数率与观察到的检测器计数率进行比较，其中支撑剂以观察到的计数率相对于根据比率计算的计数率表示抑制。

6. 发明授权

US08214151B2 Methods of identifying high neutron capture cross section doped proppant in induced subterranean formation fractures 有权
$Methods of identifying high neutron capture cross section doped proppant in induced subterranean formation fractures$
标题翻译：识别诱导地下裂缝中高中子捕获截面掺杂支撑剂的方法
公开(公告)号：US08214151B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-03
申请号：US12425884
申请日：2009-04-17
申请人： Robert Duenckel , Harry D. Smith, Jr. , Michael P. Smith
发明人： Robert Duenckel , Harry D. Smith, Jr. , Michael P. Smith
IPC分类号： G01V1/40 , G01V5/04 , G01V5/10 , E21B47/00
CPC分类号： G01V5/101 , G01V5/107
摘要： Methods are provided for determining the locations and heights of fractures in a subterranean formation using a neutron-emitting logging tool. Utilizing predetermined relationships (1) between logging tool count rates and associated apparent formation hydrogen index values and (2) between logging tool count rate ratios and associated apparent formation hydrogen index values, the methods detect the presence and heights in the formation of proppant containing high thermal neutron capture cross section material in a manner substantially eliminating proppant determination uncertainty resulting from a prior change in formation hydrogen index values. A second, associated, method employing logging tool count rates and count rate ratios to determine the presence of proppant containing high thermal neutron capture cross section absorbers utilizes a crossplot of count rate versus ratio. Logged intervals containing no proppant will fall on a trend/trendline on the crossplot, whereas logged intervals containing proppant will fall off from this trend/trendline.
摘要翻译：提供了使用中子发射测井工具确定地下地层中裂缝的位置和高度的方法。利用预定的关系（1）记录工具计数率和相关的表观形成氢指数值，以及（2）记录工具计数率和相关的表观形成氢指数值之间，该方法检测含高含量支撑剂形成的存在和高度热中子捕获截面材料，其方式基本上消除了由于形成氢指数值的先前变化而导致的支撑剂确定不确定性。使用测井工具计数率和计数速率比率的第二种相关联方法来确定含有高热中子捕获截面吸收剂的支撑剂的存在利用计数速率与比率的交叉图。不含支撑剂的记录间隔将落在交叉图上的趋势/趋势线上，而含有支撑剂的记录间隔将从该趋势/趋势线脱落。

7. 发明申请

US20090210161A1 Methods of Identifying High Neutron Capture Cross Section Doped Proppant in Induced Subterranean Formation Fractures 有权
标题翻译：识别诱导地下形成骨折中高中子捕获横截面掺杂支原体的方法
公开(公告)号：US20090210161A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-20
申请号：US12425884
申请日：2009-04-17
申请人： Robert Duenckel , Harry D. Smith, Jr. , Michael P. Smith
发明人： Robert Duenckel , Harry D. Smith, Jr. , Michael P. Smith
IPC分类号： G01V5/04
CPC分类号： G01V5/101 , G01V5/107
摘要： Methods are provided for determining the locations and heights of fractures in a subterranean formation using a neutron-emitting logging tool. Utilizing predetermined relationships (1) between logging tool count rates and associated apparent formation hydrogen index values and (2) between logging tool count rate ratios and associated apparent formation hydrogen index values, the methods detect the presence and heights in the formation of proppant containing high thermal neutron capture cross section material in a manner substantially eliminating proppant determination uncertainty resulting from a prior change in formation hydrogen index values. A second, associated, method employing logging tool count rates and count rate ratios to determine the presence of proppant containing high thermal neutron capture cross section absorbers utilizes a crossplot of count rate versus ratio. Logged intervals containing no proppant will fall on a trend/trendline on the crossplot, whereas logged intervals containing proppant will fall off from this trend/trendline.
摘要翻译：提供了使用中子发射测井工具确定地下地层中裂缝的位置和高度的方法。利用预定的关系（1）记录工具计数率和相关的表观形成氢指数值，以及（2）记录工具计数率和相关的表观形成氢指数值之间，该方法检测含高含量支撑剂形成的存在和高度热中子捕获截面材料，其方式基本上消除了由于形成氢指数值的先前变化而导致的支撑剂确定不确定性。使用测井工具计数率和计数速率比率的第二种相关联方法来确定含有高热中子捕获截面吸收剂的支撑剂的存在利用计数速率与比率的交叉图。不含支撑剂的记录间隔将落在交叉图上的趋势/趋势线上，而含有支撑剂的记录间隔将从该趋势/趋势线脱落。

8. 发明申请

US20090205825A1 METHOD OF LOGGING A WELL USING A THERMAL NEUTRON ABSORBING MATERIAL 有权
标题翻译：使用热中性吸收材料记录方法
公开(公告)号：US20090205825A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-20
申请号：US12358168
申请日：2009-01-22
申请人： Harry D. Smith, JR. , Robert Duenckel , Michael P. Smith
发明人： Harry D. Smith, JR. , Robert Duenckel , Michael P. Smith
IPC分类号： E21B43/267 , E21B43/16 , G01V5/10
CPC分类号： E21B43/26 , G01V5/101 , G01V5/107
摘要： A method for determining the location and height of a fracture in a subterranean formation using a neutron emitting logging tool. The method includes obtaining a pre-fracture data set, fracturing the formation with a slurry that includes a proppant doped with a high thermal neutron capture cross-section material, obtaining a post-fracture data set, comparing the pre-fracture data set and the post-fracture data set to determine the location of the proppant, and correlating the location of the proppant to a depth measurement of the borehole to determine the location and height of the fracture. Using the PNC tool, it is also possible to determine whether the proppant is located in the fracture, in the borehole adjacent to the fracture, or in both. The method may also include a plurality of post-fracture logging procedures used to determine various fracture and production characteristics in the formation.
摘要翻译：一种使用中子发射测井工具确定地下地层断裂位置和高度的方法。该方法包括获得裂缝前数据集，利用包含掺杂有高热中子俘获横截面材料的支撑剂的浆料压裂地层，获得断裂后数据集，比较裂缝前数据集和断裂后数据集来确定支撑剂的位置，并将支撑剂的位置与钻孔的深度测量相关联，以确定裂缝的位置和高度。使用PNC工具，还可以确定支撑剂是否位于裂缝中，邻近裂缝的钻孔中，或两者中。该方法还可以包括用于确定地层中各种断裂和生产特性的多个后裂缝测井程序。

9. 发明申请

US20110001040A1 METHODS OF IDENTIFYING HIGH NEUTRON CAPTURE CROSS SECTION DOPED PROPPANT IN INDUCED SUBTERRANEAN FORMATION FRACTURES 有权
标题翻译：识别高中子捕获的方法横断面诱导的亚型形成断裂
公开(公告)号：US20110001040A1
公开(公告)日：2011-01-06
申请号：US12820576
申请日：2010-06-22
申请人： Harry D. Smith, JR. , Michael P. Smith , Robert Duenckel
发明人： Harry D. Smith, JR. , Michael P. Smith , Robert Duenckel
IPC分类号： G01V5/10
CPC分类号： G01V5/101 , G01V5/107
摘要： Methods for determining the locations/heights of fractures in a subterranean formation use a post-fracture log obtained with a compensated neutron or pulsed neutron logging tool. Utilizing predetermined relationships between tool count rates and associated near/far count rate ratios, the methods detect the presence of proppant containing high thermal neutron capture cross-section material, substantially eliminating proppant determination uncertainty resulting from changes in formation hydrogen index. In an interval of a well with given borehole and formation conditions, and not containing proppant, a relationship is developed between detector count rate and near/far ratio. This relationship is used to compute count rate from the ratio in intervals of the well possibly containing proppant and which have similar formation and borehole conditions. The count rate computed from the ratio is compared with the observed detector count rate, with proppant indicated from suppression in observed count rate relative to count rate computed from the ratio.
摘要翻译：用于确定地层中裂缝的位置/高度的方法使用用补偿的中子或脉冲中子测井工具获得的断裂后测井。利用工具计数率和相关的近/远计数率之间的预定关系，该方法检测含有高热中子捕获截面材料的支撑剂的存在，基本上消除了由形成氢指数变化导致的支撑剂确定不确定性。在具有给定钻孔和形成条件的井的间隔内，并且不含支撑剂，在检测器计数率和近/远比之间形成关系。这种关系用于从可能含有支撑剂的井的间隔的比例计算计数率，并且具有相似的形成和钻孔条件。将从该比计算的计数率与观察到的检测器计数率进行比较，其中支撑剂以观察到的计数率相对于根据比率计算的计数率表示抑制。

10. 发明授权

US4990774A Technique for obtaining high vertical resolution formation capture cross sections from pulsed neutron logs 失效
标题翻译：用于从脉冲中子测井获得高垂直分辨率捕获截面的技术
公开(公告)号：US4990774A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-05
申请号：US363009
申请日：1989-06-08
申请人： Harry D. Smith, Jr. , Dennis F. Wyatt, Jr. , Michael P. Smith
发明人： Harry D. Smith, Jr. , Dennis F. Wyatt, Jr. , Michael P. Smith
IPC分类号： G01V5/10
CPC分类号： G01V5/104 , G01V5/107
摘要： Improved vertical resolution from pulse neutron logs is obtained by the disclosed process; a pulse of fast neutrons is emitted from a source and counts are taken at near and far dectors. This is done repetitively so that the interval between neutron bursts is conveniently divided into a number of gates, the preferred form being six contiguous gates. The count rate especially in gates 3-6 is obtained and is processed in a modified form to thereby enhance vertical resolution. While before vertical resolution was dependent in part in spacing of the detectors and source, improved vertical resolution is obtained to thereby locate thin beds which would otherwise be obscured.

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