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1. 发明授权

US4193953A Hydrosol droplet casting process for production of nuclear fuel and breeder material granules 失效
标题翻译：用于生产核燃料和饲料原料颗粒的水溶液液滴浇注工艺
公开(公告)号：US4193953A
公开(公告)日：1980-03-18
申请号：US925978
申请日：1978-07-19
申请人： Hans Langen , Helmut Ringel , Erich Zimmer
发明人： Hans Langen , Helmut Ringel , Erich Zimmer
IPC分类号： G21C3/00 , B01J2/08 , G21C3/62 , G21C21/00
CPC分类号： B01J2/08 , G21C3/623 , Y02E30/38
摘要： A hydrosol containing, in nitrate form, a fuel or fuel-and-breeder material which is projected horizontally in the form of droplets into a gas phase containing gaseous ammonia and allowed to fall in a drip-casting column into a precipitation bath containing ammonium hydroxide. In the gas phase, the droplets are hardened just enough to prevent their deformation upon penetrating into the precipitation bath where the hardening is completed. A falling height of 5 cm is suitable. The granules are washed free of ammonium nitrate, then dried, and then sintered. The heavy metal content in the hydrosol is between 1.5 and 3 moles per liter, and the pH value of the precipitation bath is between 8 and 9. The hydrosol contains the heavy metal in oxide form and the process can be used with a thorium oxide hydrosol or a hydrosol that, in addition to thorium oxide, contains the oxide of hexavalent uranium, in the latter case the hexavalent uranium being present in a proportion up to 25% by weight of the total heavy metal. The process is also applicable to producing kernels of mixed thorium and plutonium oxides. In the case of uranium-containing granules, the sintering step is carried out in a reducing atmosphere to convert the uranium to the tetravalent state.
摘要翻译：一种含有硝酸盐形式的水力溶胶，其以液滴的形式水平投影到含有气态氨的气相中，并允许其滴落在含有氢氧化铵的沉淀浴中。在气相中，液滴刚刚足够硬化，以防止它们在渗透到完成硬化的沉淀浴中时变形。 5厘米的下落高度是合适的。将颗粒洗涤不含硝酸铵，然后干燥，然后烧结。水溶胶中的重金属含量为1.5至3摩尔/升，沉淀浴的pH值为8至9.水溶胶含有氧化物形式的重金属，该方法可与氧化钍水溶胶一起使用或除了氧化钍之外还含有六价铀氧化物的水溶胶，在后一种情况下，六价铀的存在比例高达总重金属的25％。该方法也适用于生产混合钍和钚氧化物的颗粒。在含铀颗粒的情况下，烧结步骤在还原气氛中进行，以将铀转化成四价态。

2. 发明授权

US4224258A Method and apparatus for producing spherical particles of uniform size of nuclear fuels or breeder materials 失效
标题翻译：用于生产核燃料或育种材料尺寸均匀的球形颗粒的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4224258A
公开(公告)日：1980-09-23
申请号：US964284
申请日：1978-11-28
申请人： Hans Langen , Paul Naefe , Helmut Ringel
发明人： Hans Langen , Paul Naefe , Helmut Ringel
IPC分类号： B01J2/08 , G21C21/00
CPC分类号： B01J2/08
摘要： A vibrating nozzle produces a stream of drops of a nitrate solution that attain spherical drop shape before entering an ammonia gas phase where gas supply nozzles direct streams of ammonia gas obliquely against the drop stream with a component of motion in the direction of movement of the droplet stream, the incidence of the gas streams on the droplet stream being offset a few millimeters from each other along the path of the droplet stream. The flow of gas is at a speed 10 to 20 times that of the velocity of the drops of solution that are uniformly hardened on the surface in their spherical shape so that there is no deformation upon entering the aqueous solution of ammonia in the lower part of the container that confines the ammonia gas phase. The ammonia solution completes the conversion of the nitrate to the corresponding oxide, producing highly uniform spheres such are required for subsequent sintering in the production of nuclear fuel or breeder elements.
摘要翻译：振动喷嘴产生硝酸盐溶液流，其在进入氨气相之前获得球形液滴形状，其中气体供应喷嘴将氨气流倾斜地抵靠液滴流沿着液滴的运动方向运动的分量液滴流中的气流的发生率沿液滴流的路径彼此偏移几毫米。气体的流动速度是在表面上均匀地硬化的球形液体速度的10至20倍的速度，使得在下部的氨的水溶液中不会变形限制氨气相的容器。氨溶液完成硝酸盐转化为相应的氧化物，产生高度均匀的球体，这是在生产核燃料或育种元素时随后烧结所需的。

3. 发明授权

US4430030A Operating process for the formation of a steady particle stream of particles conveyed within a flow conduit by a flow medium and arrangement for effectuation of the process 失效
标题翻译：通过流动介质形成在流动管道内输送的稳定的颗粒物流的操作过程和用于实现该过程的装置
公开(公告)号：US4430030A
公开(公告)日：1984-02-07
申请号：US173332
申请日：1980-07-29
申请人： Hans Langen , Helmut Ringel
发明人： Hans Langen , Helmut Ringel
IPC分类号： B65G53/16 , B65G53/06 , B65G53/60 , B65G53/40
CPC分类号： B65G53/60 , B65G53/06
摘要： An operating process for the formation of a steady particle stream of particles which are conveyed within a flow conduit through the intermediary of a flow medium, and which are introduced into the medium flow under the effect of gravity through an infeed conduit discharging into the flow conduit. The invention also includes an arrangement for the effectuation of the process. A partial flow of the flow medium from the flow conduit is introduced into the infeed conduit in a direction counter to the flow direction of the particles, and is regulated in the manner so as to set the desired particle flow. The volumetric flow of the flow medium which streams counter to the particles in the infeed conduit can, in an advantageous manner, be regulated externally of the infeed conduit whereby no regulating devices will be located in the flow path of the particles.
摘要翻译：用于形成稳定的颗粒物流的操作过程，其在流动管道内通过流动介质的介质输送，并且在重力作用下被引入到介质流中，通过进入流动管道的进料管道。本发明还包括用于实现该过程的装置。流动介质从流动管道的部分流动沿着与颗粒的流动方向相反的方向被引入进料管道中，并且以使得设定所需颗粒流动的方式被调节。与馈入管道中的颗粒相反流动的流动介质的体积流可以以有利的方式在进料管道的外部调节，由此在颗粒的流动路径中不存在调节装置。

4. 发明授权

US08153327B2 Interconnector for high temperature fuel cells 失效
标题翻译：高温燃料电池互连器
公开(公告)号：US08153327B2
公开(公告)日：2012-04-10
申请号：US11887154
申请日：2006-02-16
申请人： Helmut Ringel
发明人： Helmut Ringel
IPC分类号： H01M2/20
CPC分类号： H01M8/0245 , H01M8/0202 , H01M8/0247 , H01M8/0271 , H01M8/12
摘要： In a high-temperature fuel cell at least one electroconductive agent is provided for contacting an anode with an interconnector. Side edges of the interconnector are electrically connected with the anode by the electroconductive agent. Electrically nonconductive spring-loaded elements are provided between the anode and the interconnector for permitting relative movement therebetween.
摘要翻译：在高温燃料电池中，提供至少一种导电剂用于使阳极与互连器接触。互连器的侧边缘通过导电剂与阳极电连接。在阳极和互连器之间提供非导电弹簧加载元件，以允许它们之间相对移动。

5. 发明授权

US07026067B2 Fuel cell stack with internal gas connections 有权
公开(公告)号：US07026067B2
公开(公告)日：2006-04-11
申请号：US10333650
申请日：2001-07-19
申请人： Helmut Ringel
发明人： Helmut Ringel
IPC分类号： H01M2/08 , H01M2/00 , H01M2/02
CPC分类号： H01M8/0271 , H01M8/2425
摘要： The invention relates to a fuel cell stack with a plurality of plate shaped fuel cells. Each fuel cell provides an electrolyte layer, an adjacent electrode and cathode. The fuel cells are connected mechanically and electrically by bipolar plates. Tightness is ensured in an improved manner. The fuel cells provide a cathode, an anode and an electrolyte layer arranged between the cathode and anode. Each cathode is adjacent to a cathode chamber and each anode is adjacent to an anode chamber. The bipolar plates comprise first openings which are used to provide channels to allow operating material to be transported to the fuel cells or to enable the removal of depleted operating material. The bipolar plates have additional openings, in which the fuel cells are arranged. When the fuel cell is disposed in the opening, it is only substantially and openly accessible from one side. This openly accessible side or surface is essentially formed by a fuel cell electrode. Sealing material is arranged layer-by-layer above the other opening. At least one portion of the edge of the fuel cell disposed in the opening is covered by the sealing material.

6. 发明授权

US5932366A Solid electrolyte high temperature fuel cell 失效
标题翻译：固体电解质高温燃料电池
公开(公告)号：US5932366A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-03
申请号：US808792
申请日：1997-02-28
申请人： Helmut Ringel
发明人： Helmut Ringel
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M8/12 , H01M8/24
CPC分类号： H01M8/2425 , H01M8/04014 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/12
摘要： In a solid electrolyte high temperature fuel cell arrangement comprising several fuel cells arranged upright directly adjacent one another and connected in series wherein each cell is defined between opposite planar connecting plates defining therebetween a chamber in which a solid electrolyte element with opposite cathode and anode surfaces is disposed in spaced relationship from the side walls of the connecting plates so as to form air and fuel gas channels with top discharge openings at opposite sides of the solid electrolyte element, the planar connecting plates include flow passages for conducting at least one of the air and fuel gas to the bottom of the air and gas channels, respectively.
摘要翻译：在固体电解质高温燃料电池装置中，包括几个燃料电池，这些燃料电池彼此直接相邻布置并且串联连接，其中每个电池被限定在相互平行的连接板之间，在它们之间限定了一个室，其中具有相反阴极和阳极表面的固体电解质元件与连接板的侧壁间隔设置，以便在固体电解质元件的相对侧形成具有顶部排出口的空气和燃料气体通道，平面连接板包括用于导入至少一个空气和燃气分别分配到空气和气体通道的底部。

7. 发明授权

US08071252B2 Interconnector for high-temperature fuel cells 有权
标题翻译：高温燃料电池互连器
公开(公告)号：US08071252B2
公开(公告)日：2011-12-06
申请号：US11883894
申请日：2006-01-14
申请人： Helmut Ringel
发明人： Helmut Ringel
IPC分类号： H01M2/20 , H01M8/00
CPC分类号： H01M8/021 , H01M8/0208 , H01M8/0219 , H01M8/0223 , H01M2008/1293 , Y10T29/49108
摘要： An interconnector for high-temperature fuel cells is characterized in that the interconnector comprises two components (A, B) made of different materials. Component (A), which is in contact with the electrodes and ensures the electric connection between the fuel cell units, is made of a chromium oxide-forming, high-temperature alloy, and component (B), which connects the fuel cell units mechanically, is made of a corrosion-resistant, non-electroconducting, high-temperature material which does not bleed any chromium.
摘要翻译：用于高温燃料电池的互连器的特征在于，互连器包括由不同材料制成的两个部件（A，B）。与电极接触并确保燃料电池单元之间的电连接的组分（A）由形成氧化铬的高温合金和组分（B）制成，其将燃料电池单元机械地连接，由不会渗出任何铬的耐腐蚀，非导电，高温材料制成。

8. 发明授权

US4915039A Process for heat-treating refuse and equipment to carry out the process 失效
标题翻译：垃圾处理方法和设备进行处理
公开(公告)号：US4915039A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-10
申请号：US221593
申请日：1988-07-20
申请人： Helmut Ringel
发明人： Helmut Ringel
IPC分类号： B09B3/00 , F23G5/027 , F23G5/08 , F23G5/16 , F23G7/00 , F23J15/02 , F23L7/00
CPC分类号： F23G5/16 , F23G5/085 , F23J15/02 , F23L7/00
摘要： A process for heat-treating refuse comprising the steps of decomposing in a combustion furnace a quantity of refuse into slag, emitted gas and fly dust. The fly dust is separated into a fine dust fraction and a coarse dust fraction. The coarse dust fraction is fed back to the combustion chamber, and the fine dust fraction is treated for removal of desired constituents.
摘要翻译：一种用于热处理垃圾的方法，包括以下步骤：在燃烧炉中将一定数量的垃圾分解成炉渣，排出的气体和飞尘。飞尘分离成细粉尘部分和粗粉尘部分。将粗灰尘级分反馈到燃烧室，并处理细粉尘部分以除去所需的组分。

9. 发明授权

US4654056A Process for the separation of krypton from a radioactive waste gas mixture and arrangement for implementing the process 失效
标题翻译：从放射性废气混合物中分离氪的过程和实施该过程的布置
公开(公告)号：US4654056A
公开(公告)日：1987-03-31
申请号：US649803
申请日：1984-11-29
申请人： Helmut Ringel
发明人： Helmut Ringel
IPC分类号： G21C19/42 , G21F9/00 , G21F9/02 , B01D15/08
CPC分类号： G21F9/02 , Y10S55/09
摘要： A process for the separation of krypton from a radioactive waste gas mixt which is released during the chemical dissolution of burned-down nuclear fuel particles, and which in a carrier gas such as air, in addition to krypton, also contains xenon, argon, nitrous oxide and residual gas components. The waste gas mixture flowing out from a resolver has xenon removed therefrom after purifying the waste gas of nitrous oxides and radioactive residual gas components, such as aerosols, iodine, tritium and carbon(C-14) dioxide; and wherein krypton is finally withdrawn from the residual gas mixture and then stored. The invention also relates to an arrangement for the implementation of the inventive process. Subsequent to the purifying of the waste gas mixture from nitrous oxides and radioactive residual gas components, such as aerosols and iodine, a portion of the waste gas mixture is reconveyed into the resolver, and wherein the remaining portion of the waste gas mixture is purified of tritium and carbon(C-14) dioxide, and after an adsorptive removal of xenon discontinuously flows through a preparative gas chromatograph in which the krypton is separated from the residual gas. The remaining portion of the waste gas mixture is thereafter purified of tritium and carbon(C-14), which are removed in the form of HTO or, in essence, 14CO.sub.2, and thereafter adsorptively freed from xenon. The remaining waste gas mixture containing krypton is discontinously conveyed to a preparative gas chromatograph in which the krypton is separated from the residual gas.
摘要翻译：在焚烧的核燃料颗粒的化学溶解期间释放的放射性废气混合物中分离氪的方法，以及除氪之外的载气如空气中还含有氙，氩，亚硝酸氧化物和残留气体组分。从解析器流出的废气混合物在净化一氧化二氮废气和放射性残余气体成分如气溶胶，碘，氚和碳（C-14）二氧化物后，从中除去氙气; 并且其中最后从残留气体混合物中取出氪，然后储存。本发明还涉及用于实施本发明方法的装置。在从一氧化二氮和放射性残余气体组分如气溶胶和碘净化废气混合物之后，将一部分废气混合物重新输入到旋转变压器中，并且其中剩余部分的废气混合物被纯化氚和碳（C-14）二氧化物，并且在氙的吸附去除之后不连续地流过制备型气相色谱仪，其中氪与残余气体分离。废气混合物的剩余部分之后，纯化氚和碳（C-14），其以HTO或本质上为14CO 2的形式除去，然后吸附脱除氙。将含有氪的剩余废气混合物不连续地输送到制备型气相色谱仪中，其中氪与残留气体分离。

10. 发明授权

US4533365A Process for the separation and recycling of NO.sub.x gas constituents through adsorption and desorption on a molecular sieve 失效
标题翻译：通过在分子筛上吸附和解吸分离和再循环NOx气体成分的方法
公开(公告)号：US4533365A
公开(公告)日：1985-08-06
申请号：US512032
申请日：1983-07-08
申请人： Helmut Ringel
发明人： Helmut Ringel
IPC分类号： B01D53/04 , B01D53/56 , B01D53/81 , B01J29/18 , C01B21/40
CPC分类号： C01B21/40 , B01D53/04 , B01D2253/1085 , B01D2253/308 , B01D2257/404 , B01D2259/40086 , B01D2259/402
摘要： For the separation and recycling of NO.sub.x gas constituents through adstion and desorption on a molecular sieve the molecular sieve is passed through in sequential, alternating process steps. Initially, the NO.sub.x is retained up to saturation of the molecular sieve. Thereafter the molecular sieve is regenerated through the introduction of gas. In order to reduce the demands during scavenging of the molecular sieve, and then to facilitate the provision of a closed separating and recycling system, the molecular sieve for regeneration is heated to a temperature for desorbing the adsorbed NO.sub.x and scavenged with a portion of the waste gas containing the NO.sub.x which is to be cleaned. The scavenging gas flow is recycled after passing through the molecular sieve.
摘要翻译：为了通过分子筛上的吸附和解吸分离和回收NOx气体组分，分子筛以顺序，交替的工艺步骤通过。最初，NOx保持分子筛饱和。此后，分子筛通过引入气体再生。为了减少清除分子筛的要求，为了便于提供封闭的分离和再循环系统，将再生用分子筛加热到脱附吸附的NOx并用一部分废物清除的温度含有待清洗的NOx的气体。清除气流在通过分子筛后被再循环。

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