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1. 发明授权

US5317303A Batteryless sensor used in security applications 失效
标题翻译：无电池传感器用于安全应用
公开(公告)号：US5317303A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-31
申请号：US943715
申请日：1992-09-11
申请人： Gerald F. Ross , Richard M. Mara , Kenneth W. Robbins , Robert J. Fontana
发明人： Gerald F. Ross , Richard M. Mara , Kenneth W. Robbins , Robert J. Fontana
IPC分类号： G08B13/08 , G08B13/10 , G08B25/10 , G08B1/08
CPC分类号： G08B13/10 , G08B13/08 , G08B25/10
摘要： A batteryless sensor includes a small and concealed permanent magnet motor which operates as a generator to convert rotational or translational energy to an ersatz Vcc transient power supply via a mechanical arrangement to radiate a coded VHF oscillator signal to a repeater or central processing unit located as far as one mile from the sensor. The receiver is able to monitor a multiplicity of sensor units over a given time period.
摘要翻译：无电池传感器包括小型和隐藏的永磁电动机，其作为发电机通过机械装置将旋转或平移能量转换为ersatz Vcc瞬态电源，以将编码的VHF振荡器信号辐射到位于远端的中继器或中央处理单元距传感器一英里。接收机能够在给定的时间段内监视多个传感器单元。

2. 发明授权

US5572190A Batteryless sensor used in security applications 失效
标题翻译：无电池传感器用于安全应用
公开(公告)号：US5572190A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-05
申请号：US408642
申请日：1995-03-22
申请人： Gerald F. Ross , Richard M. Mara , Kenneth W. Robbins
发明人： Gerald F. Ross , Richard M. Mara , Kenneth W. Robbins
IPC分类号： G08B13/08 , G08B25/10 , G08B13/00
CPC分类号： G08B25/10 , G08B13/08
摘要： A batteryless sensor includes either a micro miniature generator/gear train or a piezoelectric crystal to convert a movement of a door or window to an ersatz V.sub.cc transient power supply to radiate a coded RF signal to a receiver, a distance away. The receiver may monitor a multiplicity of sensors to identify a source of an intrusion.
摘要翻译：无电池传感器包括微型发电机/齿轮系或压电晶体，以将门或窗的移动转换为ersatz Vcc瞬态电源，以将编码的RF信号辐射到距离远的接收器。接收机可以监视多个传感器以识别入侵的来源。

3. 发明授权

US5216695A Short pulse microwave source with a high prf and low power drain 失效
标题翻译：具有高prf和低功耗的短脉冲微波源
公开(公告)号：US5216695A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-01
申请号：US715546
申请日：1991-06-14
申请人： Gerald F. Ross , Richard M. Mara , Kenneth W. Rollins
发明人： Gerald F. Ross , Richard M. Mara , Kenneth W. Rollins
IPC分类号： H01Q9/28 , H01Q23/00 , H03K3/335
CPC分类号： H01Q9/28 , H01Q23/00 , H03K3/335
摘要： This invention describes a high voltage, very short pulse, microwave radiating source using low-cost components, and capable of operating at high pulse repetition frequencies (prf). The source is activated by an ordinary video trigger commensurate with driving TTL logic. A trigger will cause a chain of N (where N may be 12 or greater) avalanche transistors connected in a Marx generator configuration to threshold resulting in a 1,200 volt or greater baseband pulse having a rise time of less than 100 ps and a duration of about 3 ns driving the input port of a dipole antenna. The dipole is excited by a balun. This invention achieves very short pulse duration broadband microwave radiation at pulse repetition frequencies as high as 30 kHz or greater.
摘要翻译：本发明描述了一种使用低成本元件并能够以高脉冲重复频率（prf）工作的高电压，非常短脉冲的微波辐射源。源通过与驱动TTL逻辑相当的普通视频触发激活。触发器将导致N链（其中N可能为12个或更大）的雪链以马克思发生器配置连接到阈值，导致1,200伏或更大的基带脉冲具有小于100ps的上升时间和约为 3 ns驱动偶极子天线的输入端口。偶极子被平衡 - 不平衡变换器激发。本发明在高达30kHz或更高的脉冲重复频率下实现非常短的持续时间的宽带微波辐射。

4. 发明授权

US5640138A Golf course electronic safety device 失效
标题翻译：高尔夫球场电子安全装置
公开(公告)号：US5640138A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-17
申请号：US524615
申请日：1995-09-07
申请人： Michael E. Hinkley , Richard M. Mara , Gerald F. Ross
发明人： Michael E. Hinkley , Richard M. Mara , Gerald F. Ross
IPC分类号： A63B57/00 , G08B23/00
CPC分类号： A63B57/00
摘要： A safety device is used to protect golfers located in blind areas of a golf course from balls being driven, for example, off the tee. The safety device is manually activated by a push-button switch once the golfers enter the blind area. The switch initiates a low current drain, high-intensity, strobe light blinking at a 1 Hz rate that is visible from both the tee and blind areas even in bright sunshine. An electronic timer deactivates the strobe after N minutes. A wireless transmitter link located outside the blind area can be used to recycle the timer prior to the elapsed time (minutes) for those golfers who play more quickly.
摘要翻译：安全装置用于保护位于高尔夫球场盲区的高尔夫球手与被驱动的球（例如，脱离球座）。一旦高尔夫球员进入盲区，安全装置就会被按钮开关手动启动。开关引起低电流消耗，高强度，闪光灯以1Hz速率闪烁，即使在明亮的阳光下也可以从三通和盲区看到。电子定时器在N分钟后取消激活选通。位于盲区外部的无线发射机链路可用于在玩更快的高尔夫球手的经过时间（分钟）之前回收定时器。

5. 发明授权

US5307079A Short pulse microwave source with a high PRF and low power drain 失效
标题翻译：具有高PRF和低功耗的短脉冲微波源
公开(公告)号：US5307079A
公开(公告)日：1994-04-26
申请号：US7332
申请日：1993-01-21
申请人： Gerald F. Ross , Richard M. Mara , Kenneth W. Rollins
发明人： Gerald F. Ross , Richard M. Mara , Kenneth W. Rollins
IPC分类号： H01Q9/28 , H01Q23/00 , H03K3/335 , H01Q9/16
CPC分类号： H01Q9/28 , H01Q23/00 , H03K3/335
摘要： This invention describes a high voltage, very short pulse, microwave radiating source using low-cost components, and capable of operating at high pulse repetition frequencies (prf). The source is activated by an ordinary video trigger commensurate with driving TTL logic. A trigger will cause a chain of N (where N may be 12 or greater) avalanche transistors connected in a Marx generator configuration to threshold resulting in a 1,200 volt or greater baseband pulse having a rise time of less than 100 ps and a duration of about 3 ns driving the input port of a dipole antenna. The dipole is excited by a balun. This invention achieves very short pulse duration broadband microwave radiation at pulse repetition frequencies as high as 30 kHz or greater.
摘要翻译：本发明描述了一种使用低成本元件并能够以高脉冲重复频率（prf）工作的高电压，非常短脉冲的微波辐射源。源通过与驱动TTL逻辑相当的普通视频触发激活。触发器将导致N链（其中N可能为12个或更大）的雪链以马克思发生器配置连接到阈值，导致1,200伏或更大的基带脉冲具有小于100ps的上升时间和约为 3 ns驱动偶极子天线的输入端口。偶极子被平衡 - 不平衡变换器激发。本发明在高达30kHz或更高的脉冲重复频率下实现非常短的持续时间的宽带微波辐射。

6. 发明授权

US5337054A Coherent processing tunnel diode ultra wideband receiver 失效
标题翻译：相干处理隧道二极管超宽带接收机
公开(公告)号：US5337054A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-09
申请号：US885300
申请日：1992-05-18
申请人： Gerald F. Ross , Richard M. Mara
发明人： Gerald F. Ross , Richard M. Mara
IPC分类号： G01S7/34
CPC分类号： G01S7/34
摘要： A four-terminal network in tandem with a tunnel diode (TD) threshold receiver currently used in radar or communications improves its sensitivity. Previous inventors have shown that the temperature and sensitivity properties of a conventional TD threshold device used for detecting very short duration bursts of microwave energy would be enhanced by appropriately biasing the TD by a current derived from the thermal noise; the current sets the TD operating point. The magnitude of the current is determined by a constant false alarm rate (CFAR) feedback loop. The subject invention recognizes that a TD changes states (i.e., a detection event) when the area under the current vs. time curve or the charge passing through the device exceeds a prescribed number of picocoulombs. To maximize the charge and improve detection, a form of superheterodyne conversion is introduced to convert the oscillatory short pulse microwave signal received by an antenna to a monopolar baseband signal. This is done by mixing the incoming signal with a CW carrier whose frequency is precisely chosen so that the resulting beat frequency is one-half of an rf cycle for the given duration of the microwave burst. This maximizes the charge available to trigger the TD. Proper gain and filtering is provided in the adjunct four-terminal network to establish minimum noise figure and appropriate gain to drive the TD held in a CFAR loop. It is shown both mathematically and experimentally that the subject invention can increase the receiver sensitivity by a factor of 20 dB or greater over the prior art. Proper microwave gain is provided to establish the noise figure prior to mixing in the added four-terminal network and a bandpass filter is employed to discard frequency components and the gain of a wideband IF (e.g., 0-500 MGz) is selected to appropriately drive the TD.
摘要翻译：与目前在雷达或通信中使用的隧道二极管（TD）阈值接收机一起的四终端网络提高了其灵敏度。先前的发明人已经表明，用于检测微波能量非常短的持续时间脉冲串的常规TD阈值装置的温度和灵敏度特性将通过从热噪声导出的电流适当地偏置TD来增强; 当前设置TD工作点。电流的大小由恒定的误报率（CFAR）反馈回路决定。本发明认识到，当电流对时间曲线下的面积或通过装置的电荷超过规定数量的皮巧克仑时，TD改变状态（即检测事件）。为了最大化电荷并改善检测，引入了一种超外差转换形式，以将由天线接收的振荡短脉冲微波信号转换成单极性基带信号。这通过将输入信号与频率被精确地选择的CW载波混合来完成，使得所得到的拍频是给定的微波脉冲的持续时间的rf周期的一半。这样可以最大限度地提高触发TD的电荷。在附加四端网络中提供适当的增益和滤波，以建立最小噪声系数和适当的增益来驱动在CFAR环路中保持的TD。在现有技术中，本发明可以以数学和实验的方式显示接收机灵敏度提高20dB或更大的系数。提供适当的微波增益以在添加的四端网络中混合之前建立噪声系数，并采用带通滤波器来丢弃频率分量，并选择宽带IF（例如，0-500MGz）的增益以适当地驱动 TD。

7. 发明授权

US5084706A Synchronization of very short pulse microwave signals for array applications 失效
标题翻译：用于阵列应用的非常短的脉冲微波信号的同步
公开(公告)号：US5084706A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-28
申请号：US451430
申请日：1989-12-15
申请人： Gerald F. Ross , Richard M. Mara
发明人： Gerald F. Ross , Richard M. Mara
IPC分类号： H01Q3/26
CPC分类号： H01Q3/26
摘要： A transmitter array includes a number of individual transmitters, each contributing a series of short microwave pulses each consisting of only several cycles to make up an RF pulse in the far field. Apparatus for closed loop synchronizing the pulses from each transmitter in order to maximize the amplitude of the RF pulse includes a Voltage Control Oscillator which provides a continuous wave (CW) reference to each transmitter and includes apparatus for dividing the CW down to feed a series of timers in each transmitter, each timer having a means for setting the time and duration of firing and providing an output signal synchronously related to the CW. A dual polarity peak detector fine tunes the individual transmitters via closed loop feedback to compensate for any thermal drift. A novel time delay vs. voltage transducer is used to achieve closed loop synchronization. Short term pulse jitter is significantly reduced by overtriggering the avalanche transistor. Beam steering is accomplished by simply adjusting a regulated DC voltage at each radiating source in the array. The end result is a low cost means for forming a time steered array of short pulse microwave sources.
摘要翻译：发射机阵列包括多个单独的发射机，每个发射机各自提供一系列短微波脉冲，每个微波脉冲仅由几个周期组成，以构成远场中的RF脉冲。用于闭环同步来自每个发射器的脉冲以使RF脉冲的振幅最大化的装置包括电压控制振荡器，其向每个发射器提供连续波（CW）参考，并且包括用于将CW向下划分以供给一系列每个发射机中的定时器，每个定时器具有用于设置点火的时间和持续时间的装置，并提供与CW同步相关的输出信号。双极性峰值检测器通过闭环反馈精细调谐各个发射器，以补偿任何热漂移。用新颖的延时与电压传感器来实现闭环同步。通过过度触发雪崩晶体管，短期脉冲抖动显着降低。光束转向通过简单地调整阵列中每个辐射源处的稳压直流电压来实现。最终结果是用于形成短脉冲微波源的时间转向阵列的低成本手段。

8. 发明授权

US4152701A Base band speed sensor 失效
标题翻译：基带速度传感器
公开(公告)号：US4152701A
公开(公告)日：1979-05-01
申请号：US898237
申请日：1978-04-20
申请人： Richard M. Mara , Alexander M. Nicolson , Gerald F. Ross
发明人： Richard M. Mara , Alexander M. Nicolson , Gerald F. Ross
IPC分类号： G01S13/02 , G01S13/58 , G01S13/64 , G01S9/44
CPC分类号： G01S13/64 , G01S13/58 , G01S13/0209
摘要： A base band radio speed sensor, for use with the path of travel of the craft whose speed is to be sensed advantageously disposed at right angles to the antenna patterns, utilizes a transmitter flanked by equally spaced receivers for determining the times of passage of the craft with respect to symmetrically disposed receiver antennas.
摘要翻译：一种基带无线电速度传感器，用于与其天线方向垂直的有利地设置的速度的飞行器的行进路径，利用两侧相等的接收器的发射器来确定飞行器的通过时间相对于对称布置的接收天线。

9. 发明授权

US4688042A Short pulse receiver with anti-jam capability 失效
标题翻译：具有抗干扰能力的短脉冲接收器
公开(公告)号：US4688042A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-18
申请号：US336643
申请日：1981-10-08
申请人： Harry M. Cronson , Richard M. Mara
发明人： Harry M. Cronson , Richard M. Mara
IPC分类号： G01S7/292 , G01S7/36 , G01S13/02
CPC分类号： G01S13/0209 , G01S7/2922 , G01S7/36
摘要： A short pulse radar receiver having a detector with a threshold automatically adjustable with the level of noise and interfering signals. Interfering signals at signal levels which exceed the maximum for which a threshold may be achieved to prevent a false alarm are attenuated prior to coupling to the variable threshold detector by an attenuator variable automatically in accordance with the received signal level.
摘要翻译：具有检测器的短脉冲雷达接收器具有阈值，可自动调节噪声和干扰信号的电平。在通过衰减器变量根据接收到的信号电平自动自适应耦合到可变阈值检测器之前，干扰信号在超过阈值可能达到的最大值的信号电平以防止误报警被衰减。

10. 发明授权

US3983422A Detector having a constant false alarm rate 失效
标题翻译：检测器具有恒定的误报率
公开(公告)号：US3983422A
公开(公告)日：1976-09-28
申请号：US568644
申请日：1975-04-16
申请人： Alexander M. Nicolson , Richard M. Mara
发明人： Alexander M. Nicolson , Richard M. Mara
IPC分类号： G01S7/292 , H03K1/12
CPC分类号： G01S7/2922
摘要： A detector which is subject to temperature variations and power supply drift including a tunnel diode circuit having first and second stable states and a variable threshold that is sensitive to noise and input signals within a useful frequency band and produces output signals when the amplitude of the noise or the input signals exceeds the instantaneous value of the variable threshold to cause the tunnel diode to switch from its first low voltage stable state to its second high voltage stable state. A control circuit coupled to the tunnel diode produces a square range-gate pulse having a pulse width which determines the interval during which the detector is sensitized and produces a reset pulse in response to the leading edge of the square range-gate pulse which sets the tunnel diode in its first stable state. A logic circuit also coupled to the tunnel diode produces an output signal indicative of the occurrence of noise or an input signal having an amplitude which exceeds the instantaneous value of the variable threshold occurring during the interval established by the range-gate pulse produced by the control circuit.
摘要翻译：受到温度变化和电源漂移的检测器，包括具有第一和第二稳定状态的隧道二极管电路和对有用频带内的噪声和输入信号敏感的可变阈值，并且当噪声幅度或者输入信号超过可变阈值的瞬时值，以使隧道二极管从其第一低电压稳定状态转换到其第二高电压稳定状态。耦合到隧道二极管的控制电路产生具有脉冲宽度的平方范围门脉冲，该脉冲宽度决定了检测器被感光的时间间隔，并响应于平方范围门脉冲的前沿产生复位脉冲，隧道二极管处于其第一稳定状态。还耦合到隧道二极管的逻辑电路产生指示噪声发生的输出信号或输入信号的幅度超过由控制器产生的范围门脉冲建立的间隔期间发生的可变阈值的瞬时值电路。

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