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1. 发明授权

US5425000A Spatial rejection of direct blast interference in multistatic sonars 失效
标题翻译：多声道声纳直接爆炸干扰的空间排斥
公开(公告)号：US5425000A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-13
申请号：US169887
申请日：1993-12-16
申请人： Francis A. Reed , Paul H. Thai
发明人： Francis A. Reed , Paul H. Thai
IPC分类号： G01S7/529 , G01S13/00 , G01S15/87 , G01S15/02
CPC分类号： G01S7/529 , G01S15/87 , G01S13/003 , Y10S367/90 , Y10S367/901
摘要： A multistatic sonar system (50) employing a short duration automatic gain control (AGC) following beamforming of the return signal to reject spatial transients at the sonar waveform leading and trailing edges. The output of the beamformer (58) is delayed by a delay line (60A) before passing through a programmable gain (60B). The magnitude of an undelayed version of the beamformer output is also squared (60D) and averaged over a time window (60E). This average is used to normalize the delayed value of the beamformer output. The normalized output of the beamformer is compared (60C) with a threshold having a value much greater than unity, and the comparator output controls the gain circuit (60B). When the normalized value of the beamformer output exceeds the threshold value, the gain of the AGC is set to a value much smaller than unity. When the normalized value of the beamformer output does not exceed the threshold, the gain of the AGC is set to unity.
摘要翻译：波束形成返回信号之后采用短时间自动增益控制（AGC）的多状态声纳系统（50），以消除声纳波形引导和后沿处的空间瞬变。在通过可编程增益（60B）之前，波束形成器（58）的输出被延迟线（60A）延迟。波束形成器输出的未延迟版本的幅度也被平方（60D）并且在时间窗口（60E）上取平均值。该平均值用于归一化波束形成器输出的延迟值。将波束形成器的归一化输出与具有远大于1的值的阈值进行比较（60℃），并且比较器输出控制增益电路（60B）。当波束形成器输出的归一化值超过阈值时，AGC的增益被设置为远小于单位的值。当波束形成器输出的归一化值不超过阈值时，AGC的增益被设置为1。

2. 发明授权

US08181528B2 Method and system for ultrasonic inspection of gearbox ring gear 有权
标题翻译：齿轮箱齿圈超声波检测方法及系统
公开(公告)号：US08181528B2
公开(公告)日：2012-05-22
申请号：US12394160
申请日：2009-02-27
申请人： Francis A. Reed , John T. Murphy , George R. Silliman
发明人： Francis A. Reed , John T. Murphy , George R. Silliman
IPC分类号： G01N29/07
CPC分类号： G01N29/11 , G01N29/262 , G01N2291/044 , G01N2291/2634 , G01N2291/2696
摘要： A method and system for ultrasonically inspecting a ring gear of a gearbox is provided. The method and system can be used for the detection, characterization and/or sizing of defects in the ring gear. The ring gear has a plurality of teeth, which extend radially inward with respect to an outer surface of the gearbox. The method includes the steps of selecting an ultrasonic transducer productive of a test signal, positioning the ultrasonic transducer at an outer surface of the ring gear, orienting the ultrasonic transducer so as to direct the test signal to propagate through the ring gear, and activating the ultrasonic transducer so as to test the ring gear for defects therein.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于超声波检查齿轮箱的齿圈的方法和系统。该方法和系统可用于环形齿轮中的缺陷的检测，表征和/或尺寸调整。齿圈具有多个齿，其相对于齿轮箱的外表面径向向内延伸。该方法包括以下步骤：选择产生测试信号的超声波换能器，将超声波换能器定位在齿圈的外表面，使超声波换能器定向，以引导测试信号传播通过齿圈，并激活超声波换能器，以便测试环形齿轮中的缺陷。

3. 发明授权

US4969132A Delay quantization technique to reduce steering errors in digital beamformers 失效
标题翻译：延迟量化技术，减少数字波束成形器的转向误差
公开(公告)号：US4969132A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-06
申请号：US307202
申请日：1989-02-03
申请人： Francis A. Reed
发明人： Francis A. Reed
IPC分类号： G01S3/808 , G10K11/34
CPC分类号： G01S3/8083 , G10K11/345
摘要： Quantized delay values used in a digital beamformer are selected so as to minimize the derivative of the beamformer pattern. A first set of quantization error values, one for each hydrophone, is determined from the precise delay values and a second set determined by adding a shading factor times the sample period to each member of the first set. Each set of combinations of members of the first and second sets of error values is then examined to determine which set minimizes the derivative of the beamformer pattern. The quantized delay values are then determined by selecting the quantized delay value corresponding to the error value in the set which minimizes the derivative.
摘要翻译：选择在数字波束形成器中使用的量化延迟值，以使波束形成器模式的导数最小化。从精确的延迟值确定第一组量化误差值，每个水听器一个量化误差值，并且通过将采样周期乘以第一组的每个成员的采样周期确定的第二组。然后检查第一组和第二组误差值的每组成员的组合，以确定哪个集合最小化波束形成器模式的导数。然后通过选择对应于最小化导数的集合中的误差值的量化延迟值来确定量化延迟值。

4. 发明授权

US4933914A Channel adaptive active sonar 失效
标题翻译：通道自适应主动声纳
公开(公告)号：US4933914A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-12
申请号：US3529
申请日：1987-01-15
申请人： Paul L. Feintuch , Francis A. Reed
发明人： Paul L. Feintuch , Francis A. Reed
IPC分类号： G01S7/52 , G01S7/539 , G01S15/10
CPC分类号： G01S15/102 , G01S7/52004 , G01S7/539 , Y10S367/901
摘要： A channel adaptive active sonar is disclosed, wherein the sonar transmit waveform is adaptively selected in accordance with the measured sonar channel scattering function to reduce the response of the sonar to unwanted reverberation while preserving the response to signal returns. As a result, the sonar target detectability is improved over sonar systems which do not adapt to the variable properties of the ocean channel. The sonar is operable in two modes, the channel measurement mode and the normal active mode. In the channel measurement mode, probe signals are transmitted to test the channel response. From the sonar receive signals resulting from the transmitted probe signals, the channel scattering function is estimated. The transmit waveform for the sonar active mode is then designed to provide a waveform whose ambiguity function overlaps minimally with the estimated channel scattering function. As a result of the waveform selection, the sonar resonse to reverberation is reduced while maintaining the sonar target response.
摘要翻译：公开了一种通道自适应主动声纳，其中根据测量的声纳通道散射函数自适应地选择声纳发射波形，以将声纳的响应减小到不希望的混响，同时保持对信号返回的响应。结果，对于不适应海洋通道的可变特性的声纳系统，声纳目标可检测性得到改善。声纳可在两种模式下操作，即通道测量模式和正常激活模式。在通道测量模式下，发送探头信号以测试通道响应。从发射的探测信号产生的声纳接收信号中，估计信道散射函数。然后，声纳活动模式的发射波形被设计成提供其模糊函数与估计的信道散射函数最小重叠的波形。作为波形选择的结果，在保持声纳目标响应的同时降低了对混响的声纳响应。

5. 发明申请

US20100218609A1 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ULTRASONIC INSPECTION OF GEARBOX RING GEAR 有权
标题翻译：齿轮环齿轮超声波检测方法与系统
公开(公告)号：US20100218609A1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-02
申请号：US12394160
申请日：2009-02-27
申请人： Francis A. Reed , John T. Murphy , George R. Silliman
发明人： Francis A. Reed , John T. Murphy , George R. Silliman
IPC分类号： G01N29/07
CPC分类号： G01N29/11 , G01N29/262 , G01N2291/044 , G01N2291/2634 , G01N2291/2696
摘要： A method and system for ultrasonically inspecting a ring gear of a gearbox is provided. The method and system can be used for the detection, characterization and/or sizing of defects in the ring gear. The ring gear has a plurality of teeth, which extend radially inward with respect to an outer surface of the gearbox. The method includes the steps of selecting an ultrasonic transducer productive of a test signal, positioning the ultrasonic transducer at an outer surface of the ring gear, orienting the ultrasonic transducer so as to direct the test signal to propagate through the ring gear, and activating the ultrasonic transducer so as to test the ring gear for defects therein.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于超声波检查齿轮箱的齿圈的方法和系统。该方法和系统可用于环形齿轮中的缺陷的检测，表征和/或尺寸调整。齿圈具有多个齿，其相对于齿轮箱的外表面径向向内延伸。该方法包括以下步骤：选择产生测试信号的超声波换能器，将超声波换能器定位在齿圈的外表面，使超声波换能器定向，以引导测试信号传播通过齿圈，并激活超声波换能器，以便测试环形齿轮中的缺陷。

6. 发明授权

US06987707B2 Method and system for in-air ultrasonic acoustical detection and characterization 失效
标题翻译：空气超声波声学检测和表征的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US06987707B2
公开(公告)日：2006-01-17
申请号：US10712805
申请日：2003-11-12
申请人： Paul L. Feintuch , Francis A. Reed , Michael Cox , Ronald A. Borrell
发明人： Paul L. Feintuch , Francis A. Reed , Michael Cox , Ronald A. Borrell
IPC分类号： G01S15/04 , G01S15/06
CPC分类号： G08B13/1618 , G01S7/52006 , G01S7/539 , G01S15/04 , G01S15/523 , G01S15/66 , G01S15/87
摘要： A system and method are presented for determining the detection and location of persons and objects using ultrasonic acoustic sensors. The system allows detection of stationary and moving persons and other objects, through atmospheric conditions, to a distance of at least 300 feet. The invention further provides for enhanced signal processing through the use of arrays of transmitters and receivers, where one or more transmitter arrays may be oriented substantially perpendicularly to one or more receiver arrays, allowing high directionality and good rejection of reverberations, background noise, clutter and objects not of interest.
摘要翻译：提出了一种系统和方法，用于确定使用超声波传感器的人和物体的检测和位置。该系统允许通过大气条件将固定和移动的人和其他物体检测到至少300英尺的距离。本发明还通过使用发射器和接收器的阵列来提供增强的信号处理，其中一个或多个发射器阵列可以基本上垂直于一个或多个接收器阵列取向，允许高方向性和良好的反射混响，背景噪声，杂波和不感兴趣的对象

7. 发明授权

US5349567A Least mean square (LMS) normalizer for active sonar 失效
标题翻译：用于主动声纳的最小均方（LMS）归一化器
公开(公告)号：US5349567A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-20
申请号：US110901
申请日：1993-08-24
申请人： Francis A. Reed
发明人： Francis A. Reed
IPC分类号： G01S7/527 , G01S15/00
CPC分类号： G01S7/5273 , Y10S367/901
摘要： A normalizer based on a Least Mean Square (LMS) adaptive algorithm configured to provide effective normalization when the background noise is locally non-stationary and when the target may be subject to time spread of unknown extent. The LMS algorithm used in the normalizer includes an adaptive filter in both the primary and reference inputs as a means of adapting to variations in both the signal and noise statistics. The LMS algorithm is implemented on the logarithm of the data, so that the difference minimized in the LMS structure drives the ratio of the signal power to noise power to a constant value. The algorithm can be used as a range normalizer by running it over range in each doppler bin, or as a frequency normalizer by operating across doppler in each range bin. By continually adapting to the statistics present in the data, the normalizer more effectively deals with the variations in the noise and signal statistics.
摘要翻译：基于最小均方（LMS）自适应算法的归一化器，其被配置为当背景噪声在局部非静止时以及当目标可能经历未知扩展的时间扩展时提供有效的归一化。在归一化器中使用的LMS算法包括在主输入和参考输入中的自适应滤波器作为适应信号和噪声统计中的变化的手段。 LMS算法以数据的对数为基础实现，使得LMS结构中的差异最小化将信号功率与噪声功率的比率驱动到恒定值。该算法可以作为范围规范化器，通过在每个多普勒箱中的范围内运行，或者作为频率归一化器，通过在每个范围区域中跨越多普勒进行操作。通过不断适应数据中的统计数据，归一化器更有效地处理噪声和信号统计的变化。

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