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1. 发明申请

US20170160184A1 Apparatus and method to measure a molecular diffusion coefficient in a porous powder 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20170160184A1
公开(公告)日：2017-06-08
申请号：US15438795
申请日：2017-02-22
申请人： Fei Wang , Dezheng Wang , Yao Wang
发明人： Fei Wang , Dezheng Wang , Yao Wang
IPC分类号： G01N15/08 , G01N33/00
CPC分类号： G01N15/0826 , G01N33/00 , G01N2033/0091
摘要： An apparatus and method for measuring molecular diffusivity in porous powders or minerals, e.g., the microporous synthetic minerals used for gas separation and chemical catalysis, were invented that allows a varying pressure in the gas around the powder during the measurement. This obviates the need for the pressure to be constant and the attendant complicated component parts. A mass balance model equation of the sample cell with the diffusivity as an adjustable parameter is used to deduce the sample cell pressure change versus time (uptake curve) until the equilibration of gas diffusion into the powder. A numerical analysis method is used to solve the mathematical model to compute a simulated uptake curve. Curve fitting of the simulated and measured uptake curves is used to optimize the diffusivity parameter, which gives the measured diffusivity. The apparatus and method are simple, easy to use, and automation is also simple.

2. 发明授权

US09719909B2 Apparatus and method to measure a molecular diffusion coefficient in a porous powder 有权
公开(公告)号：US09719909B2
公开(公告)日：2017-08-01
申请号：US14530754
申请日：2014-11-02
申请人： Fei Wang , Dezheng Wang , Yao Wang
发明人： Fei Wang , Dezheng Wang , Yao Wang
IPC分类号： G01N15/08
CPC分类号： G01N15/0826 , G01N33/00 , G01N2033/0091
摘要： An apparatus and method for measuring molecular diffusivity in porous powders or minerals, e.g., the microporous synthetic minerals used for gas separation and chemical catalysis, were invented that allows a varying pressure in the gas around the powder during the measurement. This obviates the need for the pressure to be constant and the attendant complicated component parts. A mass balance model equation of the sample cell with the diffusivity as an adjustable parameter is used to deduce the sample cell pressure change versus time (uptake curve) until the equilibration of gas diffusion into the powder. A numerical analysis method is used to solve the mathematical model to compute a simulated uptake curve. Curve fitting of the simulated and measured uptake curves is used to optimize the diffusivity parameter, which gives the measured diffusivity. The apparatus and method are simple, easy to use, and automation is also simple.

3. 发明申请

US20160091409A1 Apparatus and method to measure a molecular diffusion coefficient in a porous powder 审中-公开
标题翻译：测量多孔粉末中分子扩散系数的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US20160091409A1
公开(公告)日：2016-03-31
申请号：US14530754
申请日：2014-11-02
申请人： Fei Wang , Dezheng Wang , Yao Wang
发明人： Fei Wang , Dezheng Wang , Yao Wang
IPC分类号： G01N15/08
CPC分类号： G01N15/0826 , G01N33/00 , G01N2033/0091
摘要： An apparatus and method for measuring molecular diffusivity in porous powders or minerals, e.g., the microporous synthetic minerals used for gas separation and chemical catalysis, were invented that allows a varying pressure in the gas around the powder during the measurement. This obviates the need for the pressure to be constant and the attendant complicated component parts. A mass balance model equation of the sample cell with the diffusivity as an adjustable parameter is used to deduce the sample cell pressure change versus time (uptake curve) until the equilibration of gas diffusion into the powder. A numerical analysis method is used to solve the mathematical model to compute a simulated uptake curve. Curve fitting of the simulated and measured uptake curves is used to optimize the diffusivity parameter, which gives the measured diffusivity. The apparatus and method are simple, easy to use, and automation is also simple.
摘要翻译：发明了用于测量多孔粉末或矿物质中的分子扩散率的装置和方法，例如用于气体分离和化学催化的微孔合成矿物质，其允许在测量期间在粉末周围的气体中变化的压力。这避免了压力恒定的需要和附带复杂的部件。使用具有扩散率作为可调参数的样品池的质量平衡模型方程来推导样品池压力变化对时间（吸收曲线），直到气体扩散到粉末中的平衡。使用数值分析方法来求解模拟吸收曲线的数学模型。使用模拟和测量的吸收曲线的曲线拟合来优化扩散系数参数，这给出了测量的扩散系数。该设备和方法简单，易于使用，自动化也很简单。

4. 发明授权

US10309890B2 Method to measure a molecular diffusion coefficient in a porous powder 有权
公开(公告)号：US10309890B2
公开(公告)日：2019-06-04
申请号：US15438795
申请日：2017-02-22
申请人： Fei Wang , Dezheng Wang , Yao Wang
发明人： Fei Wang , Dezheng Wang , Yao Wang
IPC分类号： G01N15/08 , G01N33/00
摘要： An apparatus and method for measuring molecular diffusivity in porous powders or minerals, e.g., the microporous synthetic minerals used for gas separation and chemical catalysis, were invented that allows a varying pressure in the gas around the powder during the measurement. This obviates the need for the pressure to be constant and the attendant complicated component parts. A mass balance model equation of the sample cell with the diffusivity as an adjustable parameter is used to deduce the sample cell pressure change versus time (uptake curve) until the equilibration of gas diffusion into the powder. A numerical analysis method is used to solve the mathematical model to compute a simulated uptake curve. Curve fitting of the simulated and measured uptake curves is used to optimize the diffusivity parameter, which gives the measured diffusivity. The apparatus and method are simple, easy to use, and automation is also simple.

5. 发明申请

US20070196924A1 APPARATUS AND METHOD TO MEASURE THE KINETICS PARAMETERS OF A POROUS POWDER CATALYST 失效
标题翻译：测量多孔粉末催化剂动力学参数的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US20070196924A1
公开(公告)日：2007-08-23
申请号：US11673578
申请日：2007-02-11
申请人： Dezheng Wang
发明人： Dezheng Wang
IPC分类号： G01N33/00
CPC分类号： G01N31/10 , B01J21/08 , B01J23/28 , Y10T436/115831 , Y10T436/117497 , Y10T436/118339 , Y10T436/205831 , Y10T436/207497 , Y10T436/21 , Y10T436/212 , Y10T436/214 , Y10T436/216 , Y10T436/24 , Y10T436/25875
摘要： An apparatus and method are disclosed for measuring the kinetic parameters of a catalyst powder, which include the reaction rate constants, active site concentration and intraparticle diffusivity. The measurement of the active site concentration selectively measures just the active sites and not the entire exposed atom concentration. The apparatus and method use surface concentrations less than 50% and larger than 1% the total active site concentration and a dynamic pulsed flow to avoid including weak adsorption sites not involved in the catalysis. The measurement is more accurate because (1) it uses a reactant gas and non-steady state adsorption at temperatures near to reaction temperatures, and (2) it uses the chemical kinetics expressions to extract the measured active site concentration to perform the measurement so as to count just those sites actually active for that reactant. This is better than the prior art methods that measure an entire surface atom concentration under non-dynamic conditions because the latter is not necessarily the same as the active site concentration in the chemical kinetics expression. The intraparticle diffusivity measured by the apparatus and method is the effective gas diffusivity in a porous powder, and this is useful as a characterization of the tortuosity of the porous powder.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于测量催化剂粉末的动力学参数的装置和方法，其包括反应速率常数，活性位点浓度和颗粒内扩散系数。活性位点浓度的测量选择性地仅测量活性位点而不是整个暴露的原子浓度。该装置和方法使用总活性位点浓度小于50％且大于1％的表面浓度和动态脉冲流，以避免包括不参与催化的弱吸附位点。测量更准确，因为（1）在接近反应温度的温度下使用反应气体和非稳态吸附，（2）使用化学动力学表达式提取测得的活性位点浓度以进行测量，以便仅计算那些对该反应物活跃的网站。这比在非动态条件下测量整个表面原子浓度的现有技术方法更好，因为后者不一定与化学动力学表达式中的活性位点浓度相同。通过该设备和方法测量的颗粒内扩散系数是多孔粉末中的有效气体扩散率，并且这可用作表征多孔粉末的曲折度。

6. 发明授权

US06981426B2 Method and apparatus to measure gas amounts adsorbed on a powder sample 失效
标题翻译：测量吸附在粉末样品上的气体量的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06981426B2
公开(公告)日：2006-01-03
申请号：US10736829
申请日：2003-12-15
申请人： Dezheng Wang , Fei Wei , Jinfu Wang
发明人： Dezheng Wang , Fei Wei , Jinfu Wang
IPC分类号： G01N15/08
CPC分类号： G01N7/04 , G01N15/0893 , G01N2015/0866
摘要： A method and apparatus for measuring the gas amounts adsorbed on a powder which directly measures pressure changes in a gas supply chamber with the use of differential pressure sensors between the gas supply chamber and a reference chamber which gas amount is maintained constant. Calculations of the gas amounts adsorbed are based on the pressure changes in a sample cell and the pressure changes in the gas supply chamber or a gas reference chamber. The method and apparatus of this invention measures the adsorption or desorption isotherm or gas uptake at constant pressure curve of a powder with, as compared with presently available measurement techniques, increased accuracy and resolution. The experimental data can be analyzed to obtain information on the surface area, pore size distribution, pore volume, pore structure and diffusion coefficient of the powder.
摘要翻译：一种用于测量吸附在粉末上的气体量的方法和装置，其直接测量气体供应室中的压力变化，其中使用气体供应室和参考室之间的差压传感器，气体量保持恒定。吸附气体量的计算基于样品池中的压力变化和气体供应室或气体参考室中的压力变化。本发明的方法和装置测量了与目前可用的测量技术相比，粉末的恒定压力曲线下的吸附或解吸等温线或气体吸收增加了精度和分辨率。可以分析实验数据，获得粉末的表面积，孔径分布，孔体积，孔结构和扩散系数的信息。

7. 发明授权

US07867766B2 Apparatus and method to measure the kinetics parameters of a porous powder catalyst 失效
标题翻译：用于测量多孔粉末催化剂的动力学参数的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US07867766B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-11
申请号：US11673578
申请日：2007-02-11
申请人： Dezheng Wang
发明人： Dezheng Wang
IPC分类号： G01N31/10 , B01J8/02
CPC分类号： G01N31/10 , B01J21/08 , B01J23/28 , Y10T436/115831 , Y10T436/117497 , Y10T436/118339 , Y10T436/205831 , Y10T436/207497 , Y10T436/21 , Y10T436/212 , Y10T436/214 , Y10T436/216 , Y10T436/24 , Y10T436/25875
摘要： An apparatus and method are disclosed for measuring the kinetic parameters of a catalyst powder, which include the reaction rate constants, active site concentration and intraparticle diffusivity. The measurement of the active site concentration selectively measures just the active sites and not the entire exposed atom concentration. The apparatus and method use surface concentrations less than 50% and larger than 1% the total active site concentration and a dynamic pulsed flow to avoid including weak adsorption sites not involved in the catalysis. The measurement is more accurate because (1) it uses a reactant gas and non-steady state adsorption at temperatures near to reaction temperatures, and (2) it uses the chemical kinetics expressions to extract the measured active site concentration to perform the measurement so as to count just those sites actually active for that reactant. This is better than the prior art methods that measure an entire surface atom concentration under non-dynamic conditions because the latter is not necessarily the same as the active site concentration in the chemical kinetics expression. The intraparticle diffusivity measured by the apparatus and method is the effective gas diffusivity in a porous powder, and this is useful as a characterization of the tortuosity of the porous powder.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于测量催化剂粉末的动力学参数的装置和方法，其包括反应速率常数，活性位点浓度和颗粒内扩散系数。活性位点浓度的测量选择性地仅测量活性位点而不是整个暴露的原子浓度。该装置和方法使用总活性位点浓度小于50％且大于1％的表面浓度和动态脉冲流，以避免包括不参与催化的弱吸附位点。测量更准确，因为（1）在接近反应温度的温度下使用反应气体和非稳态吸附，（2）使用化学动力学表达式提取测得的活性位点浓度以进行测量，以便仅计算那些对该反应物活跃的网站。这比在非动态条件下测量整个表面原子浓度的现有技术方法更好，因为后者不一定与化学动力学表达式中的活性位点浓度相同。通过该设备和方法测量的颗粒内扩散系数是多孔粉末中的有效气体扩散率，并且这可用作表征多孔粉末的曲折度。

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