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1. 发明授权

US6142425A Apparatus and method for aerodynamic blowing control using smart materials 失效
标题翻译：使用智能材料进行气动吹风控制的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US6142425A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-07
申请号：US131464
申请日：1998-08-10
申请人： Erian A. Armanios , D. Stefan Dancila
发明人： Erian A. Armanios , D. Stefan Dancila
IPC分类号： B64C9/38 , B64C23/00 , B64C27/615 , B64C21/04
CPC分类号： B64C9/38 , B64C23/00 , B64C27/615 , B64C2027/725 , B64C2230/04 , B64C2230/06 , B64C2230/16 , B64C2230/28 , Y02T50/166 , Y02T50/32 , Y02T50/34 , Y02T50/44
摘要： A method and apparatus for controlling the blowing of compressed air from an aerodynamic structure such as an aircraft wing or helicopter rotor blade and thus controlling the aerodynamic properties of the wing comprises a narrow slot (13) in the upper surface 915) of the structure near its trailing edge (14). Inside the wing (12) is a chamber (23) that is connected to the narrow slot (13) in the wing surface (15). The chamber (23) houses a compressed air conduit (16) for supplying and holding compressed air. A passageway (25) connects the conduit (16) to the slot (13) in the upper surface (25) of the wing (12). The lower wall (27) of the passage (25) has a slit (32) allowing a shutter (31) to move selectively into the passage (25) and obstruct the flow of compressed air through the passageway (25). The shutter (31) is attached to a smart material actuator comprising a piezoelectrical bender (29). When a control voltage is applied to the bender (29), the bender (29) will bend. The bending of the bender (29) causes the shutter (31) to move up into the passage (25) and obstruct the flow of compressed air. In this way, the flow of air out of the slot (13) in the wing surface (15) may be dynamically controlled by application of selective control voltages to the bender (29).
摘要翻译：用于控制来自诸如飞行器机翼或直升机转子叶片的空气动力学结构的压缩空气的吹送并因此控制机翼的空气动力特性的方法和装置包括在该结构的上表面915中的窄槽（13）其后缘（14）。在机翼（12）的内部是与机翼表面（15）中的窄槽（13）连接的室（23）。腔室（23）容纳用于供应和保持压缩空气的压缩空气管道（16）。通道（25）将导管（16）连接到机翼（12）的上表面（25）中的狭槽（13）。通道（25）的下壁（27）具有狭缝（32），允许挡板（31）选择性地移动到通道（25）中并阻止压缩空气流过通道（25）。快门（31）附接到包括压电弯曲机（29）的智能材料致动器。当控制电压施加到弯曲器（29）时，弯曲器（29）将弯曲。弯曲器（29）的弯曲使得挡板（31）向上移动到通道（25）中并阻碍压缩空气的流动。以这种方式，可以通过向弯曲机（29）施加选择性控制电压来动态地控制从机翼表面（15）中的狭槽（13）流出的空气流。

2. 发明授权

US6136406A Energy dissipating composite member with progressive failure 失效
标题翻译：具有渐进故障的能量消散复合材料
公开(公告)号：US6136406A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-24
申请号：US67465
申请日：1998-04-28
申请人： D. Stefan Dancila , Erian A. Armanios
发明人： D. Stefan Dancila , Erian A. Armanios
IPC分类号： F16F7/12 , B32B5/00
CPC分类号： F16F7/123 , Y10T428/24 , Y10T428/24017 , Y10T428/24033 , Y10T428/24058 , Y10T428/24083 , Y10T428/24091 , Y10T428/24116 , Y10T428/24273 , Y10T428/24289 , Y10T428/24777 , Y10T428/24785
摘要： A tailored structural member that is designed to generate a yield-type response, with applicability to the arrest of a moving body. The structural member comprises a primary load path connected in parallel to a longer secondary load path at a pair of common nodes. The primary load path is designed to fail at a lower load than that required to fail the secondary load path when subjected to a tensile force. As a result of the load redistribution achieved through the use of the redundant paths provided by the primary and secondary load paths, the structural member dissipates more kinetic energy from the moving body within a given set of displacement and deceleration force constraints than is possible using a conventional, uniform cross-section member.
摘要翻译：设计用于产生屈服型响应的定制结构构件，适用于移动体的停止。结构构件包括在一对公共节点处并行连接到较长的次级负载路径的主负载路径。主负载路径被设计成在受到拉力时的负载低于次级负载路径失效的负载时故障。由于通过使用由主负载路径提供的冗余路径实现的负载再分配的结果，结构构件在给定的一组位移和减速力约束内从移动体中消耗更多的动能，而不是使用常规的，均匀的横截面构件。

3. 发明授权

US5791601A Apparatus and method for aerodynamic blowing control using smart materials 失效
标题翻译：使用智能材料进行气动吹风控制的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5791601A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-11
申请号：US517951
申请日：1995-08-22
申请人： D. Stefan Dancila , Erian A. Armanios
发明人： D. Stefan Dancila , Erian A. Armanios
IPC分类号： B64C9/38 , B64C23/00 , B64C27/615 , B64C21/04
CPC分类号： B64C27/615 , B64C23/00 , B64C9/38 , B64C2027/725 , B64C2230/04 , B64C2230/06 , B64C2230/16 , B64C2230/28 , Y02T50/166 , Y02T50/32 , Y02T50/34 , Y02T50/44
摘要： A method and apparatus for controlling the blowing of compressed air from an aerodynamic structure such as an aircraft wing or helicopter rotor blade and thus controlling the aerodynamic properties of the wing comprises a narrow slot (13) in the upper surface (15) of the structure near its trailing edge (14). Inside the wing (12) is a chamber (23) that is connected to the narrow slot (13) in the wing surface (15). The chamber (23) houses a compressed air conduit (16) for supplying and holding compressed air. A passageway (25) connects the conduit (16) to the slot (13) in the upper surface (15) of the wing (12). The lower wall (27) of the passage (25) has a slit (32) allowing a shutter (31) to move selectively into the passage (25) and obstruct the flow of compressed air through the passageway (25). The shutter (31) is attached to a smart material actuator comprising a piezoelectrical bender (29). When a control voltage is applied to the bender (29), the bender (29) will bend. The bending of the bender (29) causes the shutter (31) to move up into the passage (25) and obstruct the flow of compressed air. In this way, the flow of air out of the slot (13) in the wing surface (15) may be dynamically controlled by application of selective control voltages to the bender (29).
摘要翻译：用于控制来自诸如飞行器机翼或直升机转子叶片的空气动力学结构的压缩空气的吹送并因此控制机翼的空气动力特性的方法和装置包括在结构的上表面（15）中的窄槽（13）靠近其后缘（14）。在机翼（12）的内部是与机翼表面（15）中的窄槽（13）连接的室（23）。腔室（23）容纳用于供应和保持压缩空气的压缩空气管道（16）。通道（25）将导管（16）连接到机翼（12）的上表面（15）中的槽（13）。通道（25）的下壁（27）具有狭缝（32），允许挡板（31）选择性地移动到通道（25）中并阻止压缩空气流过通道（25）。快门（31）附接到包括压电弯曲机（29）的智能材料致动器。当控制电压施加到弯曲器（29）时，弯曲器（29）将弯曲。弯曲器（29）的弯曲使得挡板（31）向上移动到通道（25）中并阻碍压缩空气的流动。以这种方式，可以通过向弯曲机（29）施加选择性控制电压来动态地控制从机翼表面（15）中的狭槽（13）流出的空气流。

4. 发明授权

US5967017A Rotational displacement apparatus with ultra-low torque and high thrust load capability 失效
标题翻译：具有超低扭矩和高推力负载能力的旋转位移装置
公开(公告)号：US5967017A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-19
申请号：US850344
申请日：1997-05-02
申请人： David Andrew Hooke , Erian A. Armanios
发明人： David Andrew Hooke , Erian A. Armanios
IPC分类号： G01L5/00 , G01N3/22 , F01B25/26
CPC分类号： G01L5/0038 , G01N3/22
摘要： An improved rotational displacement apparatus is provided for measuring accurately the twist induced in an extension-twist coupled specimen in response to application of an axial load. The apparatus has an internal cylinder within which a piston rides. A piston rod extends from the piston through a pair of radial ball bearings in the base of the cylinder block to a free end outside the cylinder block. The piston is sized to be slightly smaller in diameter than the cylinder to provide a small space between the piston and the cylinder walls. A part for supplying compressed air to the region of the cylinder below the piston and a part for venting air from the region of the cylinder above the piston are provided. An optical encoder is coupled to measure rotational motion of the piston within the cylinder. In use, the apparatus is mounted in a testing machine and a specimen to be tested is secured at one end to the free end of the piston rod and at its other end to the mounting block of the testing machine. Compressed air is supplied to the cylinder causing the piston to ride up in the cylinder to apply an axial load to the test specimen. The piston rides on a cushion of compressed air and is free to rotate virtually friction free. Thus, any twist induced in the specimen as a result of the axial load causes the piston to rotate and this rotation is measured by the optical encoder.
摘要翻译：提供了一种改进的旋转位移装置，用于响应于轴向载荷的应用，准确地测量在延伸扭曲耦合的样本中感应的扭转。该装置具有内部气缸，活塞在该缸内。活塞杆从活塞通过在气缸体的底部中的一对径向球轴承延伸到气缸体外部的自由端。活塞的尺寸被设计成直径小于圆柱体，以在活塞和气缸壁之间提供较小的空间。提供用于将压缩空气供给到活塞下方的气缸区域的部分和用于从活塞上方的气缸区域排出空气的部件。耦合光学编码器以测量活塞在气缸内的旋转运动。在使用中，该装置安装在试验机中，待测样品的一端固定在活塞杆的自由端，另一端固定在试验机的安装块上。将压缩空气供给到气缸，使活塞在气缸中上升以向试样施加轴向载荷。活塞靠在压缩空气衬垫上，可以自由旋转几乎无摩擦。因此，由于轴向载荷导致样品中的任何扭曲都会导致活塞旋转，并且该旋转由光学编码器测量。

5. 发明授权

US5661247A Rotational displacement apparatus with ultra-low torque and high thrust load capability 失效
标题翻译：具有超低扭矩和高推力负载能力的旋转位移装置
公开(公告)号：US5661247A
公开(公告)日：1997-08-26
申请号：US562586
申请日：1995-11-24
申请人： David Andrew Hooke , Erian A. Armanios
发明人： David Andrew Hooke , Erian A. Armanios
IPC分类号： G01L5/00 , G01N3/22
CPC分类号： G01L5/0038 , G01N3/22
摘要： This invention comprises an improved rotational displacement apparatus for measuring accurately the twist induced in an extension-twist coupled specimen in response to application of an axial load. The apparatus has an internal cylinder within which a piston rides. A piston rod extends from the piston through a pair of radial ball bearings in the base of the cylinder block to a free end outside the cylinder block. The piston is sized to be slightly smaller in diameter than the cylinder to provide a small space between the piston and the cylinder walls. Means for supplying compressed air to the region of the cylinder below the piston and means for venting air from the region of the cylinder above the piston are provided. An optical encoder is coupled to measure rotational motion of the piston within the cylinder. In use, the apparatus is mounted in a testing machine and a specimen to be tested is secured at one end to the free end of the piston rod and at its other end to the mounting block of the testing machine. Compressed air is then supplied to the cylinder causing the piston to ride up in the cylinder to apply an axial load to the test specimen. The piston rides on a cushion of compressed air and is free to rotate virtually friction free. Thus, any twist induced in the specimen as a result of the axial load causes the piston to rotate and this rotation is measured by the optical encoder.
摘要翻译：本发明包括一种改进的旋转位移装置，用于响应于轴向载荷的应用精确地测量在延伸扭转耦合的样本中感应的扭转。该装置具有内部气缸，活塞在该缸内。活塞杆从活塞通过在气缸体的底部中的一对径向球轴承延伸到气缸体外部的自由端。活塞的尺寸被设计成直径小于圆柱体，以在活塞和气缸壁之间提供较小的空间。提供了用于将压缩空气供应到活塞下方的气缸区域的装置，以及用于从活塞上方的气缸区域排出空气的装置。耦合光学编码器以测量活塞在气缸内的旋转运动。在使用中，该装置安装在试验机中，待测样品的一端固定在活塞杆的自由端，另一端固定在试验机的安装块上。然后将压缩空气供应到气缸，使活塞在气缸中上升以对试样施加轴向载荷。活塞靠在压缩空气的垫子上，可自由旋转几乎无摩擦。因此，由于轴向载荷导致样品中的任何扭曲都会导致活塞旋转，并且该旋转由光学编码器测量。

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