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1. 发明授权

US4739040A Surfactants from lignin 失效
标题翻译：木质素表面活性剂
公开(公告)号：US4739040A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-19
申请号：US946270
申请日：1986-12-24
申请人： Douglas G. Naae , Lawrence E. Whittington , Will A. Ledoux , Francis E. Debons
发明人： Douglas G. Naae , Lawrence E. Whittington , Will A. Ledoux , Francis E. Debons
IPC分类号： B01F17/00 , B01F17/50 , C09K8/584 , C08H5/02 , C07C43/115
CPC分类号： C08H6/00 , B01F17/0028 , B01F17/0057 , C09K8/584
摘要： A method of producing surfactants from lignin is disclosed by reducing lignin in the presence of a carbon monoxide or hydrogen reducing agent at high temperature and pressure to produce low molecular weight lignin phenols and subjecting the lignin phenols to one or a combination of several reactions such as alkoxylation, alkylation, sulfonation, sulfation, alkoxysulfation, and sulfomethylation. The lignin surfactants so produced can be employed in a surfactant system to recover oil from underground formations.
摘要翻译：通过在一氧化碳或氢还原剂的存在下在高温和高压下还原木质素以产生低分子量木质素酚并使木质素酚与一种或多种反应的组合，例如烷氧基化，烷基化，磺化，硫酸化，烷氧基硫酸化和磺甲基化。如此生产的木质素表面活性剂可用于表面活性剂体系以从地层中回收油。

2. 发明授权

US4787454A Recovering hydrocarbons with surfactants from lignin 失效
标题翻译：用木质素用表面活性剂回收碳氢化合物
公开(公告)号：US4787454A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-29
申请号：US112316
申请日：1987-10-23
申请人： Douglas G. Naae , Lawrence E. Whittington , Will A. Ledoux , Francis E. Debons
发明人： Douglas G. Naae , Lawrence E. Whittington , Will A. Ledoux , Francis E. Debons
IPC分类号： B01F17/00 , C09K8/584 , E21B43/22
CPC分类号： C08H6/00 , B01F17/0028 , B01F17/0057 , C09K8/584 , Y10S507/936
摘要： A method of producing surfactants from lignin is disclosed by reducing lignin in the presence of a carbon monoxide or hydrogen reducing agent at high temperature and pressure to produce low molecular weight lignin phenols and subjecting the lignin phenols to one or a combination of several reactions such as alkoxylation, alkylation, sulfonation, sulfation, alkoxysulfation, and sulfomethylation. The lignin surfactants so produced can be employed in a surfactant system to recover oil from underground formations.
摘要翻译：通过在一氧化碳或氢还原剂的存在下在高温和高压下还原木质素以产生低分子量木质素酚并使木质素酚与一种或多种反应的组合，例如烷氧基化，烷基化，磺化，硫酸化，烷氧基硫酸化和磺甲基化。如此生产的木质素表面活性剂可用于表面活性剂体系以从地层中回收油。

3. 发明授权

US4781251A Recovering hydrocarbons with water soluble alkylphenol lignin surfactants 失效
标题翻译：用水溶性烷基酚木质素表面活性剂回收碳氢化合物
公开(公告)号：US4781251A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-01
申请号：US127850
申请日：1987-12-02
申请人： Douglas G. Naae , Francis E. DeBons
发明人： Douglas G. Naae , Francis E. DeBons
IPC分类号： C09K8/584 , E21B43/22
CPC分类号： C08H6/00 , C09K8/584 , Y10S507/936
摘要： The invention is a method of recovering hydrocarbons with a surfactant flooding system, wherein the surfactant slug comprises about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of an alkylphenol lignin surfactant. The alkylphenol lignin surfactant is produced by reacting an alkylphenol having about 6 to about 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain with formaldehyde in basic solution at a temperature of about 50.degree. to about 120.degree. C. for about 15 minutes to about 3 hours to form a first reaction product. The first reaction product is then reacted with a kraft lignin in solution at a temperature of about 100.degree. to about 160.degree. C. for about 30 minutes to about 5 hours to form an alkylphenol lignin reaction product. Finally, the alkylphenol lignin reaction product is made more water soluble by subjecting the alkylphenol lignin reaction product to a reaction selected from the group consisting of sulfonation, sulfation, alkoxysulfonation, alkoxysulfation, and alkoxylation to produce the alkylphenol lignin surfactant.
摘要翻译：本发明是用表面活性剂淹没系统回收烃的方法，其中表面活性剂团块包含约0.1％至约10％重量的烷基酚木质素表面活性剂。烷基酚木质素表面活性剂通过在烷基链中具有约6至约15个碳原子的烷基酚与碱性溶液中的甲醛在约50至约120℃的温度下反应约15分钟至约3小时来形成第一反应产物。然后将第一反应产物与硫酸铵木质素在溶液中在约100至约160℃的温度下反应约30分钟至约5小时以形成烷基酚木质素反应产物。最后，烷基酚木质素反应产物通过使烷基酚木素反应产物进行选自磺化，硫酸化，烷氧基磺化，烷氧基硫酸化和烷氧基化的反应来制备烷基酚木质素表面活性剂而使水溶性更高。

4. 发明授权

US5169559A Method for forming a high viscosity gel 失效
标题翻译：形成高粘度凝胶的方法
公开(公告)号：US5169559A
公开(公告)日：1992-12-08
申请号：US813543
申请日：1991-12-26
申请人： Douglas G. Naae , Lawrence E. Whittington
发明人： Douglas G. Naae , Lawrence E. Whittington
IPC分类号： C09K8/60 , C09K8/90
CPC分类号： C09K8/90 , C09K8/60 , Y10S507/935
摘要： The invention is a method for forming a high viscosity gel by mixing about 0.9% to about 3.0% by weight of hydroxy propyl cellulose having an average molecular weight greater than about 1,000,000 about 0.4% to about 3.0% by weight of an alkali metal dodecyl sulfate in the ratio of about 3:1 to about 1:1.5 of cellulose to sulfate, and a brine having a salinity greater than about 20,000 ppm TDS.
摘要翻译：本发明是通过将约0.9％至约3.0％重量的平均分子量大于约1,000,000约0.4％至约3.0％的羟基丙基纤维素与碱金属十二烷基硫酸盐约3:1至约1:1.5的纤维素与硫酸盐的比例以及盐度大于约20,000ppm TDS的盐水。

5. 发明授权

US5100567A Shear-thickening solutions with hydroxypropyl cellulose 失效
标题翻译：用羟丙基纤维素剪切增稠溶液
公开(公告)号：US5100567A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-31
申请号：US620687
申请日：1990-12-03
申请人： Douglas G. Naae , Lawrence E. Whittington
发明人： Douglas G. Naae , Lawrence E. Whittington
IPC分类号： C08K5/42 , C09K8/588 , C09K8/60 , C09K8/62
CPC分类号： C08K5/42 , C09K8/514 , C09K8/588 , C09K8/68 , C09K8/90 , Y10S507/922 , Y10S507/925 , Y10S507/935 , Y10S507/936
摘要： The invention is an aqueous shear-thickening composition comprising in one embodiment about 0.2% to about 1% by weight of hydroxypropyl cellulose having an average molecular weight between about 1,000,000 and about 1,300,000, about 0.1% to about 0.7% by weight of an alkali metal dodecyl sulfate in a ratio of about 2.5:1 to about 1.5:1 hydroxypropyl cellulose to alkali metal dodecyl sulfate, and water containing less than about 2000 ppm TDS.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种水性剪切增稠组合物，其包括在一个实施方案中约0.2重量％至约1重量％的平均分子量为约1,000,000至约1,300,000，约0.1重量％至约0.7重量％的碱金属约2.5:1至约1.5:1羟丙基纤维素与碱金属十二烷基硫酸盐的比例为十二烷基硫酸盐，以及含有小于约2000ppm TDS的水。

6. 发明授权

US5076361A Gel method for decreasing permeability around a wellbore 失效
标题翻译：降低井筒周围渗透性的凝胶法
公开(公告)号：US5076361A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-31
申请号：US579139
申请日：1990-09-07
申请人： Douglas G. Naae , Lawrence E. Whittington
发明人： Douglas G. Naae , Lawrence E. Whittington
IPC分类号： C09K8/60 , C09K8/90
CPC分类号： C09K8/90 , C09K8/60
摘要： The invention is a method for decreasing formation permeability in an underground formation around a wellbore by injecting an aqueous fresh water solution comprising about 0.9% to about 3.0% by weight of hydroxy propyl cellulose having an average molecular weight greater than about 1,000,000 and about 0.4% to about 3.0% by weight of an alkali metal dodecyl sulfate in the ratio of about 3:1 to about 1:1.5 of cellulose to sulfate, said formation must contain a connate brine having a salinity greater than about 20,000 ppm TDS, or an injected brine having a salinity greater than about 20,000 ppm TDS to mix and react with the aqueous solution to form a gel. The invention is also a method for forming a high viscosity gel by mixing hydroxy propyl cellulose, alkali metal dodecyl sulfate and sufficient salinity.
摘要翻译：本发明是通过注入包含约0.9％至约3.0％重量的平均分子量大于约1,000,000和约0.4％的羟基丙基纤维素的水性淡水溶液来降低井筒周围的地下地层中的地层渗透性的方法，至约3.0重量％的碱金属十二烷基硫酸盐，其比例为约3:1至约1:1.5的纤维素与硫酸盐，所述形成必须含有盐度大于约20,000ppm TDS的合生盐水，或注入具有大于约20,000ppm盐度的盐水混合并与水溶液反应以形成凝胶。本发明也是通过混合羟基丙基纤维素，碱金属十二烷基硫酸盐和足够的盐度来形成高粘度凝胶的方法。

7. 发明授权

US5095985A Enhance oil recovery using oil soluble sulfonate surfactants from lignin and alkylphenol 失效
标题翻译：使用木质素和烷基酚的油溶性磺酸盐表面活性剂提高采收率
公开(公告)号：US5095985A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-17
申请号：US632676
申请日：1990-12-24
申请人： Douglas G. Naae , Centha A. Davis
发明人： Douglas G. Naae , Centha A. Davis
IPC分类号： C09K8/584
CPC分类号： C08H6/00 , C09K8/584 , Y10S507/936
摘要： The invention is a method of producing oil soluble surfactants from lignin which comprises reacting an alkylphenol having an alkyl chain of about 5 to about 20 carbon atoms with formaldehyde at elevated temperature to produce an intermediate product and reacting the intermediate product at an elevated temperature with a lignin phenol sulfonate to produce an oil soluble lignin surfactant, said lignin phenol sulfonate produced by placing lignin in contact with water, converting the lignin into low molecular weight lignin phenol by reducing the lignin in the presence of a reducing agent of carbon monoxide or hydrogen which creates a reduction reaction mixture comprising oil soluble lignin phenol, said reduction occurring at a temperature greater than about 200.degree. C. and a pressure greater than about 100 psi, recovering the oil soluble lignin phenol from the reduction mixture and sulfonating the lignin phenol to produce lignin phenol sulfonate.
摘要翻译：本发明是从木质素生产油溶性表面活性剂的方法，该方法包括使具有约5至约20个碳原子的烷基链的烷基酚与甲醛在升高的温度下反应以产生中间产物，并使中间产物在高温下与木质素酚磺酸盐以产生油溶性木质素表面活性剂，所述木质素苯酚磺酸盐通过将木质素与水接触而产生，通过在一氧化碳或氢的还原剂存在下还原木质素将木质素转化为低分子量木质素苯酚产生包含油溶性木质素苯酚的还原反应混合物，所述还原在大于约200℃的温度和大于约100psi的压力下发生，从还原混合物中回收油溶性木质素苯酚并磺化木质素苯酚以产生木质素苯酚磺酸盐。

8. 发明授权

US5095986A Enhanced oil recovery using oil soluble sulfonates from lignin and benzyl alcohol 失效
标题翻译：使用木质素和苄醇的油溶性磺酸盐提高采收率
公开(公告)号：US5095986A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-17
申请号：US632836
申请日：1990-12-24
申请人： Douglas G. Naae , Centha A. Davis
发明人： Douglas G. Naae , Centha A. Davis
IPC分类号： C09K8/584
CPC分类号： C08H6/00 , C09K8/584 , Y10S507/936
摘要： The invention is a method of producing oil soluble surfactants from lignin which comprises reacting benzyl alcohol with lignin phenol at elevated temperature in the presence of a non-nucleophilic basic catalyst to produce a lignin phenol reaction product, and sulfonating the lignin phenol reaction product to produce an oil soluble lignin surfactant, said lignin phenol produced by placing lignin in contact with water, converting the lignin into low molecular weight lignin phenol by reducing the lignin in the presence of a reducing agent of carbon monoxide or hydrogen which creates a reduction reaction mixture comprising oil soluble lignin phenol, said reduction occurring at a temperature greater than about 200.degree. C. and a pressure greater than about 100 psi, and recovering the oil soluble lignin phenol from the reduction mixture.
摘要翻译：本发明是从木质素生产油溶性表面活性剂的方法，其包括在非亲核碱性催化剂存在下，在升高的温度下使苄醇与木质素酚反应，生成木质素酚反应产物，并使木质素酚反应产物磺化油溶性木质素表面活性剂，所述木质素苯酚通过将木质素与水接触而产生，通过在一氧化碳或氢气还原剂存在下还原木质素将木质素转化为低分子量木质素苯酚，产生还原反应混合物，其包含油溶性木质素酚，所述还原在大于约200℃的温度和大于约100psi的压力下发生，并从还原混合物中回收油溶性木质素酚。

9. 发明授权

US5035288A Lignin phenol/lignin/amine surfactant system 失效
标题翻译：木质素酚/木质素/胺表面活性剂体系
公开(公告)号：US5035288A
公开(公告)日：1991-07-30
申请号：US539506
申请日：1990-06-18
申请人： Dan E. Kieke , Douglas G. Naae
发明人： Dan E. Kieke , Douglas G. Naae
IPC分类号： B01F17/00 , C09K8/584
CPC分类号： B01F17/0085 , C09K8/584 , Y10S507/936
摘要： The invention is a method of recovering hydrocarbons from an underground hydrocarbon formation penetrated by at least one injection well and at least one production well, which comprises injecting into an underground formation through an injection well about 0.05 to about 1.0 pore volumes of an aqueous surfactant slug comprising about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of a surfactant system, injecting a drive fluid into the formation through the injection well to push the surfactant slug towards the production well, and recovering hydrocarbons at the production well, said surfactant system comprised of a lignin phenol surfactant, a lignin, a primary amine having about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms, and a solubilizer.
摘要翻译：本发明是从由至少一个注入井和至少一个生产井渗透的地下烃地层中回收烃的方法，其包括通过注入井将约0.05至约1.0孔体积的水性表面活性剂渣块注入地下地层包含约0.1％至约10％重量的表面活性剂体系，通过注入井将驱动流体注入地层，将表面活性剂块塞推向生产井，并在生产井中回收烃，所述表面活性剂体系包括木质素酚表面活性剂，木质素，具有约8至约20个碳原子的伯胺和增溶剂。

10. 发明申请

US20130212930A1 PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A REFINERY STREAM-COMPATIBLE BIO-OIL FROM A LIGNOCELLULOSIC FEEDSTOCK 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于生产来自纤维状芽孢杆菌的炼油流体兼容的生物油的方法
公开(公告)号：US20130212930A1
公开(公告)日：2013-08-22
申请号：US13631182
申请日：2012-09-28
申请人： Douglas G. Naae , Jason C. Hicks , Jerome F. Mayer , Horacio Trevino , Jose I. Villegas
发明人： Douglas G. Naae , Jason C. Hicks , Jerome F. Mayer , Horacio Trevino , Jose I. Villegas
IPC分类号： C10L1/02
CPC分类号： C10L1/02 , C10B53/02 , C10C5/00 , C10G3/40 , C10G3/50 , C10G2300/1011 , C10G2300/202 , C10G2300/203 , Y02E50/14 , Y02P20/145 , Y02P30/20
摘要： In one aspect, a method for rendering biomass-derived pyrolysis oil miscible with refinery hydrocarbons comprises mixing a high oxygen content bio-oil having an oxygen content of at least about 10 wt. % with a low oxygen content bio-oil having an oxygen content of less than about 8 wt. % to produce a blended oil. The blended oil may be hydrotreated to produce a deoxygenated hydrotreated mixture from which water is removed using a separator, resulting in a low oxygen content hybrid bio-oil intermediate miscible in refinery process streams. A portion of the low oxygen content hybrid bio-oil intermediate may be recycled with the high oxygen content bio-oil or removed for use in a refinery process stream for further hydroprocessing.
摘要翻译：在一个方面，用于制备与炼油厂烃混溶的生物质衍生的热解油的方法包括混合具有至少约10重量％的氧含量的高含氧生物油。％，氧含量低于约8重量％的低氧含量生物油。％生产混合油。混合油可以被加氢处理以产生脱氧加氢处理的混合物，使用分离器从中除去水，导致在炼油工艺流中可混溶的低含氧量混合生物油中间体。一部分低氧含量的混合生物油中间体可以用高含氧量的生物油再循环，或者被去除用于炼油工艺流中以进一步加氢处理。

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