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1. 发明申请

US20100085210A1 Actuating Downhole Devices in a Wellbore 有权
标题翻译：在井筒中执行井下装置
公开(公告)号：US20100085210A1
公开(公告)日：2010-04-08
申请号：US12244316
申请日：2008-10-02
申请人： Clovis S. Bonavides , Donald L. Crawford
发明人： Clovis S. Bonavides , Donald L. Crawford
IPC分类号： G01V3/00
CPC分类号： E21B47/12 , E21B43/11
摘要： A downhole tool system includes a first downhole tool and a second downhole tool. The first downhole tool includes a first controller operable to receive an actuation signal including a tone. The first controller actuates the first downhole tool if the tone is a first specified frequency and changes the first downhole tool to communicate the actuation signal to the second downhole tool if first downhole tool is not actuated in response to the actuation signal. A second downhole tool includes a second controller operable to receive the actuation signal. The second controller actuates the second downhole tool if the tone is a second specified frequency. The second frequency is different from the first frequency.
摘要翻译：井下工具系统包括第一井下工具和第二井下工具。第一井下工具包括可操作以接收包括音调的致动信号的第一控制器。如果音调是第一指定频率，则第一控制器致动第一井下工具，并且如果第一井下工具不响应于致动信号而被致动，则改变第一井下工具以将致动信号传送到第二井下工具。第二井下工具包括可操作以接收致动信号的第二控制器。如果音调是第二指定频率，则第二控制器致动第二井下工具。第二频率与第一频率不同。

2. 发明授权

US06334954B1 Biological system for degrading nitroaromatics in water and soils 失效
标题翻译：降解硝酸芳香烃在水土中的生物体系
公开(公告)号：US06334954B1
公开(公告)日：2002-01-01
申请号：US09587648
申请日：2000-06-05
申请人： Donald L. Crawford , Todd O. Stevens , Ronald L. Crawford
发明人： Donald L. Crawford , Todd O. Stevens , Ronald L. Crawford
IPC分类号： A62D300
CPC分类号： C02F3/34 , A62D3/02 , A62D2101/26 , A62D2101/28 , B09C1/10 , C02F3/1231 , C02F3/2806 , C02F3/286 , C02F3/30 , C02F2101/003 , C12N1/20 , C12R1/01 , C12R1/145 , C12R1/22 , Y02E50/343 , Y02W10/15 , Y10S71/903
摘要： Novel methods for biodegrading nitroaromatic compounds present as contaminants in soil or water using microorganisms are disclosed. Water is treatable directly; dry soil is first converted into a fluid medium by addition of water. The preferred method comprises two stages, each employing microorganisms: a fermentative stage, followed by an anaerobic stage. The fermentative stage is rapid, wherein an inoculum of aerobic and/or facultative microorganisms ferments a carbohydrate added to the fluid medium, exhausting the oxygen in the fluid medium and thereby inhibiting oxidative polymerization of amino by-products of the nitroaromatics. In the subsequent anaerobic stage, an inoculum of a mixed population of anaerobic microorganisms completes the mineralization of the contaminant nitroaromatics, using the remaining carbohydrate as a carbon and energy source. Preferably, the carbohydrate is a starch and the aerobic and/or facultative microorganisms are amylolytic, which cleave the starch at a moderate rate throughout both stages, ensuring a sustained supply of metabolizable carbohydrate. The microorganisms are preferably selected to be resistant to the types and concentrations of nitroaromatics present as contaminants.
摘要翻译：公开了使用微生物在土壤或水中作为污染物存在的硝基芳族化合物生物降解的新方法。水可直接对待; 干土首先通过加水转化成流体介质。优选的方法包括两个阶段，每个阶段使用微生物：发酵阶段，然后是厌氧阶段。发酵阶段是快速的，其中有氧和/或兼性微生物的接种物将加入到流体介质中的碳水化合物发酵，排出流体介质中的氧，从而抑制硝基芳族化合物的氨基副产物的氧化聚合。在随后的厌氧阶段，厌氧微生物的混合种群的接种物完成了污染物硝基芳族化合物的矿化，使用剩余的碳水化合物作为碳和能源。优选地，碳水化合物是淀粉，并且需氧和/或兼性微生物是淀粉分解的，其在两个阶段以适中的速度切割淀粉，确保可代谢的碳水化合物的持续供应。优选选择微生物以对作为污染物存在的硝基芳族化合物的类型和浓度具有抗性。

3. 发明授权

US08441370B2 Actuating downhole devices in a wellbore 有权
公开(公告)号：US08441370B2
公开(公告)日：2013-05-14
申请号：US13616326
申请日：2012-09-14
申请人： Clovis S. Bonavides , Donald L. Crawford
发明人： Clovis S. Bonavides , Donald L. Crawford
IPC分类号： G01V3/00
CPC分类号： E21B47/12 , E21B43/11
摘要： A downhole tool system includes a first downhole tool and a second downhole tool. The first downhole tool includes a first controller operable to receive an actuation signal including a tone. The first controller actuates the first downhole tool if the tone is a first specified frequency and changes the first downhole tool to communicate the actuation signal to the second downhole tool if first downhole tool is not actuated in response to the actuation signal. A second downhole tool includes a second controller operable to receive the actuation signal. The second controller actuates the second downhole tool if the tone is a second specified frequency. The second frequency is different from the first frequency.

4. 发明申请

US20130010572A1 ACTUATING DOWNHOLE DEVICES IN A WELLBORE 有权
标题翻译：在井筒中执行井下设备
公开(公告)号：US20130010572A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-10
申请号：US13616326
申请日：2012-09-14
申请人： Clovis S. Bonavides , Donald L. Crawford
发明人： Clovis S. Bonavides , Donald L. Crawford
IPC分类号： G01V1/40
CPC分类号： E21B47/12 , E21B43/11
摘要： A downhole tool system includes a first downhole tool and a second downhole tool. The first downhole tool includes a first controller operable to receive an actuation signal including a tone. The first controller actuates the first downhole tool if the tone is a first specified frequency and changes the first downhole tool to communicate the actuation signal to the second downhole tool if first downhole tool is not actuated in response to the actuation signal. A second downhole tool includes a second controller operable to receive the actuation signal. The second controller actuates the second downhole tool if the tone is a second specified frequency. The second frequency is different from the first frequency.
摘要翻译：井下工具系统包括第一井下工具和第二井下工具。第一井下工具包括可操作以接收包括音调的致动信号的第一控制器。如果音调是第一指定频率，则第一控制器致动第一井下工具，并且如果第一井下工具不响应于致动信号而被致动，则改变第一井下工具以将致动信号传送到第二井下工具。第二井下工具包括可操作以接收致动信号的第二控制器。如果音调是第二指定频率，则第二控制器致动第二井下工具。第二频率与第一频率不同。

5. 发明授权

US5200338A Bacterial extracellular lignin peroxidase 失效
标题翻译：细菌细胞外木质素过氧化物酶
公开(公告)号：US5200338A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-06
申请号：US277802
申请日：1988-11-30
申请人： Donald L. Crawford , Muralidhara Ramachandra
发明人： Donald L. Crawford , Muralidhara Ramachandra
IPC分类号： C12N9/08 , C12N15/76 , C12P1/06
CPC分类号： C12N15/76 , C12N9/0065 , C12P1/06 , Y10S435/886
摘要： A newly discovered lignin peroxidase enzyme is provided. The enzyme is obtained from a bacterial source and is capable of degrading the lignin portion of lignocellulose in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The enzyme is extracellular, oxidative, inducible by lignin, larch wood xylan, or related substrates and capable of attacking certain lignin substructure chemical bonds that are not degradable by fungal lignin peroxidases.
摘要翻译：提供了新发现的木质素过氧化物酶。该酶由细菌来源获得并能够在过氧化氢存在下降解木质纤维素的木质素部分。该酶是细胞外的，氧化的，由木质素，落叶松木木聚糖或相关底物诱导，并且能够攻击由真菌木素过氧化物酶不可降解的某些木质素亚结构化学键。

6. 发明授权

US08538701B2 Fluid conductivity measurement tool and methods 有权
标题翻译：流体电导率测量工具和方法
公开(公告)号：US08538701B2
公开(公告)日：2013-09-17
申请号：US12447831
申请日：2007-05-08
申请人： Sushovon S. Roy , Daniel F. Dorffer , Donald L. Crawford
发明人： Sushovon S. Roy , Daniel F. Dorffer , Donald L. Crawford
IPC分类号： G01V1/28 , G01V3/18 , E21B41/10 , E21B49/08
CPC分类号： G01V3/20 , E21B49/08 , G01N27/023 , G01N33/2823
摘要： An apparatus and method for measuring the conductivity of borehole fluid. Based on the fluid conductivity, the fluid type may also be identified. The apparatus and method can be useful in differentiating between native water and injected water in oil recovery operations. The apparatus and method presented can also be used to calibrate testing and production equipment allowing for more reliable and accurate measurements. The apparatus and method presented can further be used to better characterize water to oil ratio in reservoirs.
摘要翻译：一种用于测量井眼流体电导率的装置和方法。基于流体导电性，还可以识别流体类型。该装置和方法可用于在油回收操作中区分天然水和注入水。所提供的装置和方法也可以用于校准测试和生产设备，以允许更可靠和准确的测量。所提供的装置和方法可以进一步用于更好地表征储层中水与油的比例。

7. 发明授权

US08113119B2 Surface safe explosive tool 有权
标题翻译：表面安全爆炸工具
公开(公告)号：US08113119B2
公开(公告)日：2012-02-14
申请号：US12172044
申请日：2008-07-11
申请人： Donald L. Crawford
发明人： Donald L. Crawford
IPC分类号： F42C15/00 , E21B43/12 , E21B43/116
CPC分类号： F42D1/04 , E21B43/116 , E21B43/119 , F42C15/32 , F42C15/34 , F42C15/36 , F42D5/00
摘要： An explosive tool is disclosed. The explosive tool comprises a body structure, a charge, a detonator to ignite the charge via propagation of thermal energy, a pressure actuated safety to prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge when the pressure actuated safety is subjected to a surface pressure and to not prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge when the pressure actuated safety is subjected to at least a predefined pressure threshold, and a temperature actuated safety to prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge when the temperature actuated safety is subjected to a surface temperature and to not prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge when the temperature actuated safety is subjected to at least a predefined temperature threshold. The charge, the detonator, the pressure actuated safety, and the temperature actuated safety are contained within the body structure.
摘要翻译：公开了一种爆炸工具。爆炸工具包括主体结构，电荷，通过热能的传播点燃电荷的雷管，压力致动的安全性，以防止当压力致动的安全受到表面压力时足够的热能传播以点燃电荷; 当压力致动的安全性受到至少预定的压力阈值时，不能防止传播足够的热能来点燃电荷，以及温度启动的安全性，以防止在温度致动的安全性受到影响时充分的热能传播以点燃电荷达到表面温度，并且当温度启动的安全性经受至少预定的温度阈值时，不能防止足够的热能的传播来点燃电荷。电荷，雷管，压力驱动的安全性和温度启动的安全性包含在主体结构内。

8. 发明申请

US20100005992A1 Surface Safe Explosive Tool 有权
标题翻译：表面安全爆炸工具
公开(公告)号：US20100005992A1
公开(公告)日：2010-01-14
申请号：US12172044
申请日：2008-07-11
申请人： Donald L. Crawford
发明人： Donald L. Crawford
IPC分类号： F42C15/00
CPC分类号： F42D1/04 , E21B43/116 , E21B43/119 , F42C15/32 , F42C15/34 , F42C15/36 , F42D5/00
摘要： An explosive tool is disclosed. The explosive tool comprises a body structure, a charge, a detonator to ignite the charge via propagation of thermal energy, a pressure actuated safety to prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge when the pressure actuated safety is subjected to a surface pressure and to not prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge when the pressure actuated safety is subjected to at least a predefined pressure threshold, and a temperature actuated safety to prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge when the temperature actuated safety is subjected to a surface temperature and to not prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge when the temperature actuated safety is subjected to at least a predefined temperature threshold. The charge, the detonator, the pressure actuated safety, and the temperature actuated safety are contained within the body structure.
摘要翻译：公开了一种爆炸工具。爆炸工具包括主体结构，电荷，通过热能的传播点燃电荷的雷管，压力致动的安全性，以防止当压力致动的安全受到表面压力时足够的热能传播以点燃电荷; 当压力致动的安全性受到至少预定的压力阈值时，不能防止传播足够的热能来点燃电荷，以及温度启动的安全性，以防止在温度致动的安全性受到影响时充分的热能传播以点燃电荷达到表面温度，并且当温度启动的安全性经受至少预定的温度阈值时，不能防止足够的热能的传播来点燃电荷。电荷，雷管，压力驱动的安全性和温度启动的安全性包含在主体结构内。

9. 发明授权

US06348639B1 Biological system for degrading nitroaromatics in water and soils 失效
标题翻译：降解硝酸芳香烃在水土中的生物体系
公开(公告)号：US06348639B1
公开(公告)日：2002-02-19
申请号：US09588439
申请日：2000-06-06
申请人： Donald L. Crawford , Todd O. Stevens , Ronald L. Crawford
发明人： Donald L. Crawford , Todd O. Stevens , Ronald L. Crawford
IPC分类号： A62D300
CPC分类号： C02F3/34 , A62D3/02 , A62D2101/26 , A62D2101/28 , B09C1/10 , C02F3/1231 , C02F3/2806 , C02F3/286 , C02F3/30 , C02F2101/003 , C12N1/20 , C12R1/01 , C12R1/145 , C12R1/22 , Y02E50/343 , Y02W10/15 , Y10S71/903
摘要： Methods for biodegrading nitroaromatic compounds present as contaminants in soil or water using microorganisms are disclosed. Water is treatable directly; dry soil is first converted into a fluid medium by addition of water. The preferred method comprises two stages, each employing microorganisms: a fermentative stage, followed by an anaerobic stage. The fermentative stage is rapid, wherein an inoculum of aerobic and/or facultative microorganisms ferments a carbohydrate added to the fluid medium, exhausting the oxygen in the fluid medium and thereby inhibiting oxidative polymerization of amino by-products of the nitroaromatics. In the subsequent anaerobic stage, an inoculum of a mixed population of anaerobic microorganisms completes the mineralization of the contaminant nitroaromatics, using the remaining carbohydrate as a carbon and energy source. Preferably, the carbohydrate is a starch and the aerobic and/or facultative microorganisms are amylolytic, which cleave the starch at a moderate rate throughout both stages, ensuring a sustained supply of metabolizable carbohydrate. The microorganisms are preferably selected to be resistant to the types and concentrations of nitroaromatics present as contaminants.
摘要翻译：公开了使用微生物在土壤或水中作为污染物存在的硝基芳族化合物生物降解的方法。水可直接对待; 干土首先通过加水转化成流体介质。优选的方法包括两个阶段，每个阶段使用微生物：发酵阶段，然后是厌氧阶段。发酵阶段是快速的，其中有氧和/或兼性微生物的接种物将加入到流体介质中的碳水化合物发酵，排出流体介质中的氧，从而抑制硝基芳族化合物的氨基副产物的氧化聚合。在随后的厌氧阶段，厌氧微生物的混合种群的接种物完成了污染物硝基芳族化合物的矿化，使用剩余的碳水化合物作为碳和能源。优选地，碳水化合物是淀粉，并且需氧和/或兼性微生物是淀粉分解的，其在两个阶段以适中的速度切割淀粉，确保可代谢的碳水化合物的持续供应。优选选择微生物以对作为污染物存在的硝基芳族化合物的类型和浓度具有抗性。

10. 发明授权

US5968503A Use of streptomyces bacteria to control plant pathogens and degrade turf thatch 失效
标题翻译：使用链霉菌控制植物病原体并降解草坪
公开(公告)号：US5968503A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-19
申请号：US930031
申请日：1998-01-09
申请人： Donald L. Crawford
发明人： Donald L. Crawford
IPC分类号： A01N63/00 , C12N1/20 , D21C1/00
CPC分类号： C12R1/465 , A01N63/00 , Y10S435/898
摘要： This invention relates to biocontrol formulations suitable for reducing the susceptibility of plants to fungal phytopathogens and for degrading turf thatch. In one aspect of the invention, a culture of strain Streptomyces sp. WYE 53 ATCC 55750 is incorporated into suitable delivery medium and applied to plant seeds and roots. Another aspect of the invention is directed to a composition comprising cultures of strains Streptomyces sp. WYE 53 ATCC 55750 and/or Streptomyces sp. YCED 9 ATCC 55660 and to a method for degrading turf thatch by contacting the turf thach with cultures of strains Streptomyces sp. WYE 53 ATCC 55750 and/or Streptomyces sp. YCED 9 ATCC 55660 which are incorporated into suitable delivery medium.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US96 / 04501 Sec。 371日期1998年1月9日 102（e）日期1998年1月9日PCT 1996年4月1日PCT PCT。第WO96 / 29874号公报日期1996年10月30日本发明涉及适用于降低植物对真菌植物病原体的易感性和降解草坪螨的生物防治制剂。在本发明的一个方面，菌株Streptomyces sp。将WYE 53 ATCC 55750掺入合适的递送培养基中并施用于植物种子和根。本发明的另一方面涉及包含菌株Streptomyces sp。 WYE 53 ATCC 55750和/或Streptomyces sp。 YCED 9 ATCC 55660，以及通过使草皮与菌株Streptomyces sp。的培养物接触来降解草皮的方法。 WYE 53 ATCC 55750和/或Streptomyces sp。 YCED 9 ATCC 55660，其被并入合适的递送培养基中。

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