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    • 7. 发明授权
    • Cationic sizing agents for paper
    • 阳离子上胶剂纸
    • US4806591A
    • 1989-02-21
    • US921173
    • 1986-10-20
    • Joachim ProbstHeinz BaumgenBruno BomerJoachim KonigRenke Mottweiler
    • Joachim ProbstHeinz BaumgenBruno BomerJoachim KonigRenke Mottweiler
    • C08F2/28C08F2/24C08F257/02D21H17/35D21H17/37D21H17/45C08L33/20
    • D21H17/455C08F2/24C08F257/02D21H17/35D21H17/37
    • Cationic sizing agents for paper, obtainable by a process in which a water-soluble cationic terpolymer compound, built up in a chemically uniform manner, of (a) 7 to 40% by weight of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate and/or methacrylate, (b) 40 to 80% by weight of styrene and (c) 4 to 50% by weight of acrylonitrile, the sum of components (a) to (c) always being 100% by weight and at least 10% of the dimethylamino groups of the terpolymer being quaternized with monoepoxides, with the exception of epihalogenohydrins, and the remainder being protonated, is dissolved in an aqueous medium and, in the presence of 10 to 70% by weight--based on the following monomer mixture--of this emulsifier, (d) 5 to 95% by weight of acrylonitrile, meth-acrylonitrile or styrene or mixtures thereof and (e) 5 to 95% by weight of acrylic acid ester and/or methacrylic acid ester with 1 to 12 C atoms in the alcohol radical--the sum of components (d) and (e) always being 100% by weight--are emulsified and the emulsion thus obtained is subjected to emulsion polymerization, initiated by free radicals, at temperatures of 20.degree. to 150.degree. C.
    • 可通过以下方法获得的阳离子上胶剂:其中以(a)7〜40重量%的N,N-二甲基氨基乙基丙烯酸酯和/或甲基丙烯酸酯组成的以化学均匀的方式构成的水溶性阳离子三元共聚物, (b)40至80重量%的苯乙烯和(c)4至50重量%的丙烯腈,组分(a)至(c)的总和总是100重量%,并且至少10重量%的二甲基氨基 的三元共聚物被单过氧化物季铵化,除了表卤代醇,其余的被质子化,溶解在水性介质中,并且在该乳化剂的基于下列单体混合物的10至70重量%的存在下, (d)5至95重量%的丙烯腈,甲基丙烯腈或苯乙烯或其混合物,和(e)5至95重量%的醇基中具有1至12个C原子的丙烯酸酯和/或甲基丙烯酸酯 组分(d)和(e)总是为100重量%的总和被乳化和乳液 由此获得的乳液聚合在20℃至150℃的温度下由自由基引发。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Process for the production of polymers containing reactive terminal
groups
    • 制备含有反应性末端基团的聚合物的方法
    • US4740572A
    • 1988-04-26
    • US931513
    • 1986-11-17
    • Rudiger MuschSteven PaskRenke MottweilerOskar NuykenThomas DittmerHans-Peter Muhlbauer
    • Rudiger MuschSteven PaskRenke MottweilerOskar NuykenThomas DittmerHans-Peter Muhlbauer
    • C08F2/00C08F2/06C08F2/28C08F2/38C08F2/42C08F4/06C08F4/14C08F110/10
    • C08F2/38
    • The production of polymers containing terminal halogen groups from cationically polymerizable monomers using a metal halide boiling below 50.degree. C. at normal pressure as catalyst and an organic halide corresponding to the following general formula ##STR1## in which X is halogen,n is an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4,R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent C.sub.5 -C.sub.10 cycloalkyl or linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl andR.sub.3 represents C.sub.5 -C.sub.10 cycloalkyl, linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.10 cycloalkylene, linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkylene or aryl, and the organic halide (inifer) contains from 5 to 50 carbon atoms and is present in concentrations of from 10.sup.-1 to 10.sup.-6 moles per mole monomer while the metal halide is added in a 1.1 to 100-fold molar excess, based on halogen atoms of the organic halide, at temperatures of from +10.degree. to -130.degree. C. in an inert organic solvent or solvent mixture is possible with recovery of the catalyst and with formation of a product having a functionality differing only slightly, if at all, from the theoretical functionality providing the reaction components monomer, catalyst and inifer are continuously introduced into a polymerization apparatus in such a way that all three components are only mixed once they are inside the apparatus, the polymer solution is continuously removed from the apparatus, the polymer solution is freed from residual monomer, unreacted inifer and from the catalyst and worked up.
    • 使用在常压下沸腾低于50℃的金属卤化物作为催化剂和对应于以下通式的有机卤化物,其中X是卤素,n是整数,由阳离子可聚合单体制备含有末端卤素基团的聚合物 为1,2,3或4,R1和R2表示C5-C10环烷基或直链或支链C1-C20烷基,R3表示C5-C10环烷基,直链或支链C1-C20烷基,C5-C10亚环烷基,直链或支链C1 -C 20亚烷基或芳基,有机卤化物(无机物)含有5至50个碳原子,并且以每摩尔单体10-1至10-6摩尔的浓度存在,而金属卤化物以1.1至100重量% 在惰性有机溶剂或溶剂混合物中,在+10〜-130℃的温度下,以有机卤化物的卤素原子计,摩尔过量倍数是可能的,回收催化剂并形成具有官能度的产物 不同之处仅在于 所有这些提供反应组分的理论功能单体,催化剂和Inifer被连续地引入到聚合装置中,使得所有这三种组分一旦被置于装置内就被混合,聚合物溶液从设备中连续地除去, 聚合物溶液从残留的单体,未反应的Inifer和催化剂中除去并加以处理。