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1. 发明授权

US4881234A Method for forming copious (F.sub.2.sup.+).sub.A centers in certain stable, broadly tunable laser-active materials 失效
标题翻译：在某些稳定的，广泛可调的激光活性材料中形成大量（F2 +）A中心的方法
公开(公告)号：US4881234A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-14
申请号：US27473
申请日：1987-03-18
申请人： David R. Foster , Irwin Schneider
发明人： David R. Foster , Irwin Schneider
IPC分类号： C30B33/00 , H01S3/16
CPC分类号： H01S3/1681 , C30B29/12 , C30B33/00
摘要： (F.sub.2.sup.+).sub.A color centers can be produced in additively-colored KI:Li or RbI:Li crystals provided that the material is colored in a nitrogen-free atmosphere. Copious (F.sub.2.sup.+).sub.A centers are produced in lithium-doped KI:Li or RbI:Li crystals using a procedure in which the crystals are grown, additively colored, and annealed in an argon ambient; and optically excited at successively-lower temperatures with a light of a wavelength readily absorbed by the crystal situated in a vacuum.
摘要翻译：（F2 +）可以加成色的KI：Li或RbI：Li晶体产生色中心，条件是材料在无氮气氛中着色。在掺杂锂的KI：Li或RbI：Li晶体中使用生长晶体，加成色并在氩气环境中退火的过程产生多个（F2 +）A中心; 并在连续低温下用容纳在真空中的晶体吸收的波长的光进行光学激发。

2. 发明授权

US4087374A Photodichroic crystals and preparation thereof 失效
标题翻译：光二色晶体及其制备
公开(公告)号：US4087374A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-02
申请号：US573277
申请日：1975-04-30
申请人： Irwin Schneider , William C. Collins , Oscar Imber , Philipp H. Klein
发明人： Irwin Schneider , William C. Collins , Oscar Imber , Philipp H. Klein
IPC分类号： C01D3/02 , G11C13/02 , G11C13/04 , F21V9/00
CPC分类号： C01D3/02 , G11C13/02 , G11C13/041
摘要： The improvement of the electrolytic and additive methods of coloring alkali fluoride crystals comprising the step of selecting an alkali fluoride crystal having the impurities of between 0 and 5 ppmA of OH; between 0 and 50 ppmA of one or more alkaline earth cations, of which between 0 and 10 ppmA Mg.sup.++ and between 0 and 10 ppmA Ca.sup.++ ; between 0 and 50 ppmA of non-fluorine halide anions; between 0 and 10 ppmA of SiF.sub.6.sup.= ; between 0 and 30 ppmA of other ions; and the method of preparing these crystals which comprises converting the alkali fluoride to alkali hydrofluoride, crystallizing and vacuum drying the alkali hydrofluoride crystals, regenerating the alkali fluoride by expelling hydrogen fluoride, and crystallizing the alkali fluoride.
摘要翻译：碱性氟化物晶体的电解和添加方法的改进包括选择杂质为0-5ppmA的OH的碱金属氟化物晶体的步骤; 0至50ppmA的一种或多种碱土金属阳离子，其中0至10ppmA Mg ++和0至10ppmA Ca ++; 0至50ppmA的非氟卤化物阴离子; 0至10ppmA的SiF 6 =; 0至30ppmA的其他离子; 以及制造这些晶体的方法，其包括将碱金属氟化物转化为碱式氟化氢，结晶并真空干燥碱性氢氟酸晶体，通过排出氟化氢再生碱氟化物并使碱金属氟化物结晶。

3. 依法登记的发明

USH1470H Refractive index-based sensor for the discrimination of chlorinated hydrocarbons from groundwater 失效
$Refractive index-based sensor for the discrimination of chlorinated hydrocarbons from groundwater$
标题翻译：用于区分来自地下水的氯代烃的折射率传感器
公开(公告)号：USH1470H
公开(公告)日：1995-08-01
申请号：US219188
申请日：1994-03-28
申请人： Kenneth J. Ewing , Gregory Nau , Thomas Bilodeau , Irwin Schneider , Ishwar Aggarwal
发明人： Kenneth J. Ewing , Gregory Nau , Thomas Bilodeau , Irwin Schneider , Ishwar Aggarwal
IPC分类号： G01N21/43 , G01N21/41
CPC分类号： G01N21/43
摘要： A refractive index-based sensor uses a light source and an optical fiber to direct an optical beam towards a sensor/environment face at a specific angle. The sensor has a predetermined shape selected such that the light directed into the sensor will have a specific angle of incidence designed to detect a plurality of liquids. A second optical fiber carries the light reflected off the sensor/environment face to a photodetector. The optical beam will either be transmitted through or reflected off the sensor/environment face based upon the refractive indices of the sensor and the environment and upon the angle of incidence of the optical beam. The amount of light reflected is indicative of the refractive index of the material in a given area of the sensor/environment face and, thus, the type of material. By adjusting the angle at which the light is directed to the sensor/environment face, the photodetector response can be calibrated to identify the type of liquid present at the sensor/environment face.

4. 发明授权

US4375429A Photodichroic crystals 失效
标题翻译：光二色晶体
公开(公告)号：US4375429A
公开(公告)日：1983-03-01
申请号：US850508
申请日：1977-11-10
申请人： Irwin Schneider , William C. Collins , Oscar Imber , Philipp H. Klein
发明人： Irwin Schneider , William C. Collins , Oscar Imber , Philipp H. Klein
IPC分类号： C01D3/02 , G11C13/02 , G11C13/04 , F21V9/00
CPC分类号： G11C13/02 , C01D3/02 , G11C13/041
摘要： The improvement of the electrolytic and additive methods of coloring alkali fluoride crystals comprising the step of selecting an alkali fluoride crystal having the impurities of between 0 and 5 ppmA of OH; between 0 and 50 ppmA of one or more alkaline earth cations, of which between 0 and 10 ppmA Mg.sup.++ and between 0 and 10 ppmA Ca.sup.++ ; between 0 and 50 ppmA of non-fluorine halide anions; between 0 and 10 ppmA of SiF.sub.6.sup.= ; between 0 and 30 ppmA of other ions; and the method of preparing these crystals which comprises converting the alkali fluoride to alkali hydrofluoride, crystallizing and vacuum drying the alkali hydrofluoride crystals, regenerating the alkali fluoride by expelling hydrogen fluoride, and crystallizing the alkali fluoride.
摘要翻译：碱性氟化物晶体的电解和添加方法的改进包括选择杂质为0-5ppmA的OH的碱金属氟化物晶体的步骤; 0至50ppmA的一种或多种碱土金属阳离子，其中0至10ppmA Mg ++和0至10ppmA Ca ++; 0至50ppmA的非氟卤化物阴离子; 0至10ppmA的SiF 6 =; 0至30ppmA的其他离子; 以及制造这些晶体的方法，其包括将碱金属氟化物转化为碱式氟化氢，结晶并真空干燥碱性氢氟酸晶体，通过排出氟化氢再生碱氟化物并使碱金属氟化物结晶。

5. 发明授权

US4490016A Polarimetric image recorder 失效
标题翻译：偏光影像记录仪
公开(公告)号：US4490016A
公开(公告)日：1984-12-25
申请号：US395431
申请日：1982-07-06
申请人： Irwin Schneider , Charles S. Guenzer
发明人： Irwin Schneider , Charles S. Guenzer
IPC分类号： G01N21/21 , G02B27/28 , G02F1/00 , G02B5/30 , G02B27/18 , G11C13/04
CPC分类号： G02F1/00 , G01N21/21 , G02B27/28
摘要： A polarimetric image recorder which records only the net polarization of the viewed scene. An optical lens system projects the light originating from the viewed scene onto a thin layer of an alkali halide crystal containing anisotropic color centers. Polarized light reorients the color centers and creates a net polarization in the layer. The net polarization of the layer is read by such means as shining polarized light through the layer and then through a polarizer set perpendicularly to the polarization of the light source. Whatever light is viewed through the reader represents a net polarization in the scene.
摘要翻译：一种仅记录观看场景的净极化的极化图像记录器。光学透镜系统将来自观看场景的光投射到含有各向异性色心的碱卤化物晶体的薄层上。偏振光重新定向色彩中心，并在层中产生净极化。通过诸如照射偏振光穿过该层然后通过垂直于光源的偏振的偏振器来设置该层的净极化。无论通过阅读器观看什么光都代表了场景中的净极化。

6. 发明授权

US4301426A Solid state laser and material 失效
标题翻译：固体激光和材料
公开(公告)号：US4301426A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-17
申请号：US095683
申请日：1979-11-19
申请人： Irwin Schneider
发明人： Irwin Schneider
IPC分类号： H01S3/16 , H01S3/14
CPC分类号： H01S3/1681
摘要： Broadly tunable, c.w. laser action in the ir(infrared) spectral region is obtained from (F.sub.2.sup.+).sub.A color centers in an alkali halide crystal having F.sub.A, F.sub.B, F.sub.A ', F.sub.B ' (F.sub.2).sub.A and (F.sub.2.sup.+).sub.A color centers in a dynamic equilibrium. The laser material is prepared by additively coloring an alkali halide crystal, exposing the colored crystal to light in the high-energy edge (i.e., between 450-300 nm) of the F-center absortion range at a temperature from about 253K to about 300K, cooling the crystal to a temperature not greater than 100K, and re-exposing the crystal to the same light to create a dynamic equilibrium state in which (F.sub.2.sup.+).sub.A centers are present.
摘要翻译：广泛可调，c.w. 在具有FA，FB，FA'，FB'（F2）A和（F2 +）A）的碱性卤化物晶体中的（F2 +）A颜色中心在动态平衡中获得IR（红外）光谱区域中的激光作用。激光材料通过对碱金属卤化物晶体进行相加着色来制备，将着色晶体暴露于F中心浸出范围的高能边缘（即450-300nm）之间，温度为约253K至约300K ，将晶体冷却至不大于100K的温度，并将晶体再次暴露于相同的光以产生其中存在（F2 +）A中心的动态平衡状态。

7. 发明授权

US4038647A Method for holographic storage 失效
标题翻译：全息储存方法
公开(公告)号：US4038647A
公开(公告)日：1977-07-26
申请号：US659058
申请日：1976-02-18
申请人： Irwin Schneider
发明人： Irwin Schneider
IPC分类号： G11C13/04 , G11C11/32
CPC分类号： G11C13/045
摘要： A method of improving the holographic storage of data by yielding brighterolograms with higher densities which comprises recording an interferogram of an object wave and a reference wave into a holographically recordable medium consisting of an ionic crystal initially with a random distribution of anisotropic centers, and mutually off-set at an angle of at least sin.sup..sup.-1 10.lambda./d wherein d is the crystal thickness and .lambda. the wavelength of the coherent source; and then consecutively exposing the crystal to the object wave and the reference wave, each with a .pi./2 rotation in the plane of polarization but without any change in light intensity, wavelength, or crystal temperature.

8. 发明授权

US3941482A Method of testing alkali halide crystals with anisotropic centers 失效
标题翻译：碱性卤化物晶体与各向异性中心的测试方法
公开(公告)号：US3941482A
公开(公告)日：1976-03-02
申请号：US552906
申请日：1975-02-25
申请人： Irwin Schneider
发明人： Irwin Schneider
IPC分类号： G01N21/21 , G01J4/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/21
摘要： A method for determining the capability and optimum operating parameters of alkali halide crystals with anisotropic centers as holographic recording media by assessing the dispersion and absorption of polarized light by the anisotropic centers through a measurement of the difference in refractive index and absorption for light of different polarizations, the former through utilization of an ellipsometric technique wherein light passes successively through a polarizer, test crystal, analyzer, and detector.
摘要翻译：一种用各向异性中心作为全息记录介质测定碱卤化物晶体的能力和最佳操作参数的方法，通过对不同极化光的折射率和吸收差的测量来评估各向异性中心的偏振光的分散和吸收前者通过利用椭圆偏振技术，其中光依次通过偏振器，测试晶体，分析仪和检测器。

9. 发明授权

US5267254A Color center laser with transverse auxiliary illumination 失效
标题翻译：彩色中心激光与横向辅助照明
公开(公告)号：US5267254A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-30
申请号：US868806
申请日：1992-04-15
申请人： Irwin Schneider , Robert S. Afzal
发明人： Irwin Schneider , Robert S. Afzal
IPC分类号： H01S3/0915 , H01S3/094 , H01S3/16
CPC分类号： H01S3/1681 , H01S3/0915 , H01S3/094
摘要： A color center laser is provided with a crystal disposed within a longitudinally pumped cavity. Optics are provided to transversely excite the crystal. Both a circular lens and a cylindrical lens focus an auxiliary beam into the crystal of the color center laser to produce (F.sub.2.sup.+).sub.A color centers for lasing. The cylindrical lens is used to focus the auxiliary beam to a narrow focal line. The circular lens is used to adjust the length of the focal line. By adjusting the length of the focal line, an entirety of the pump beam is used for excitation. The lenses thus collimate and focus the focal line to a length within an active volume in the crystal of the color center laser essentially equal to a length of the crystal.
摘要翻译：彩色中心激光器设置有设置在纵向泵浦腔内的晶体。提供光学以横向激发晶体。圆形透镜和圆柱透镜都将辅助光束聚焦到彩色中心激光器的晶体中，以产生用于激光的（F2 +）A色彩中心。柱面透镜用于将辅助光束聚焦到窄焦距线。圆形透镜用于调整焦距线的长度。通过调整焦距线的长度，使用整个泵浦光束进行激发。因此，透镜使焦点线焦点聚焦，并将焦线聚焦到基本上等于晶体长度的彩色中心激光器的晶体内的有效体积内的长度。

10. 发明授权

US4519082A Color center laser, material, and method of lasing 失效
标题翻译：彩色中心激光，材料和激光的方法
公开(公告)号：US4519082A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-21
申请号：US356863
申请日：1982-03-10
申请人： Irwin Schneider
发明人： Irwin Schneider
IPC分类号： H01S3/16
CPC分类号： H01S3/1681
摘要： A laser material for a solid state tunable laser comprises a potassium or rubidium halide crystal with lithium and/or sodium cation impuritites in a crystalographic structure with point defects consisting essentially of F.sub.2.sup.+ and (F.sub.2.sup.+).sub.A color centers and electron traps. The crystals are colored both additively and with ionizing radiation.
摘要翻译：用于固态可调谐激光器的激光材料包括具有基本上由F2 +和（F2 +）A颜色中心和电子陷阱组成的点缺陷的晶体学结构中的锂和/或钠阳离子的钾或铷卤化物晶体。晶体被附加地和电离辐射着色。

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