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1. 发明授权

US06564099B2 Implantable cardiac stimulator with electrode-tissue interface characterization 有权
公开(公告)号：US06564099B2
公开(公告)日：2003-05-13
申请号：US09454742
申请日：1999-12-06
申请人： David Prutchi , Patrick J. Paul , Gregory R. Martin
发明人： David Prutchi , Patrick J. Paul , Gregory R. Martin
IPC分类号： A61N1362
CPC分类号： A61N1/36521 , A61M5/142 , A61M5/14244 , A61M5/16854 , A61N1/3706 , A61N2001/083
摘要： A cardiac stimulator capable of measuring pacing impedance includes a tank capacitor for delivering charge to the heart via device leads, a shunt resistor, and high-impedance buffers for measuring pacing current through the shunt resistor. Soon after the leading edge of the stimulation pulse, the voltage across the shunt resistor, as sampled by a high-impedance buffer, indicates lead and cardiac tissue resistance. Just prior to opening the pacing switch to terminate the stimulation pulse, the voltage across the shunt resistor is sampled by a high-impedance buffer and held once again to allow the capacitance of the lead/heart tissue to be calculated. In alternative embodiments, a high-impedance buffer measures the voltage between the tank capacitor and ground immediately following the stimulation pulse to allow estimation of the lead/heart tissue capacitance. In one alternative embodiment, a look-up table is created in main memory and searched to find the closest lead/heart tissue capacitance estimate to any arbitrary degree of accuracy. In another alternative embodiment, the lead/heart tissue capacitance is estimated by successive approximation to any arbitrary degree of accuracy. When the lead/heart tissue capacitance and lead resistance have been determined, a plurality of parameters of importance for analyzing and optimizing a cardiac stimulation system may be calculated, such as the instantaneous current, the average current, the charge, and the energy delivered to the cardiac tissue.

2. 发明授权

US06788972B2 Implantable cardiac stimulator with electrode-tissue interface characterization 有权
标题翻译：具有电极 - 组织界面表征的植入式心脏刺激器
公开(公告)号：US06788972B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-07
申请号：US10371609
申请日：2003-02-21
申请人： David Prutchi , Patrick J. Paul , Gregory R. Martin
发明人： David Prutchi , Patrick J. Paul , Gregory R. Martin
IPC分类号： A61N137
CPC分类号： A61N1/36521 , A61M5/142 , A61M5/14244 , A61M5/16854 , A61N1/3706 , A61N2001/083
摘要： A cardiac stimulator capable of measuring pacing impedance includes a tank capacitor for delivering charge to the heart via device leads, a shunt resistor, and high-impedance buffers for measuring pacing current through the shunt resistor. Soon after the leading edge of the stimulation pulse, the voltage across the shunt resistor, as sampled by a high-impedance buffer, indicates lead and cardiac tissue resistance. Just prior to opening the pacing switch to terminate the stimulation pulse, the voltage across the shunt resistor is sampled by a high-impedance buffer and held once again to allow the capacitance of the lead/heart tissue to be calculated. In alternative embodiments, a high-impedance buffer measures the voltage between the tank capacitor and ground immediately following the stimulation pulse to allow estimation of the lead/heart tissue capacitance. In one alternative embodiment, a look-up table is created in main memory and searched to find the closest lead/heart tissue capacitance estimate to any arbitrary degree of accuracy. In another alternative embodiment, the lead/heart tissue capacitance is estimated by successive approximation to any arbitrary degree of accuracy. When the lead/heart tissue capacitance and lead resistance have been determined, a plurality of parameters of importance for analyzing and optimizing a cardiac stimulation system may be calculated, such as the instantaneous current, the average current, the charge, and the energy delivered to the cardiac tissue.
摘要翻译：能够测量起搏阻抗的心脏刺激器包括用于通过器件引线将电荷递送到心脏的储能电容器，分流电阻器和用于测量通过分流电阻器的起搏电流的高阻抗缓冲器。在刺激脉冲的前沿之后不久，由高阻抗缓冲液取样的分流电阻器两端的电压表示铅和心脏组织的电阻。在打开起搏开关以终止刺激脉冲之前，分流电阻器两端的电压由高阻抗缓冲器采样，并再次保持以允许计算铅/心脏组织的电容。在替代实施例中，高阻抗缓冲器在刺激脉冲之后立即测量储能电容器和地之间的电压，以允许对铅/心脏组织电容的估计。在一个备选实施例中，在主存储器中创建查找表并搜索以找到任何任意精度的最接近的引导/心脏组织电容估计。在另一替代实施例中，通过逐次逼近任何任意精度来估计引导/心脏组织电容。当确定了铅/心脏组织电容和引线电阻时，可以计算多个用于分析和优化心脏刺激系统的参数，例如瞬时电流，平均电流，电荷和递送至心脏组织。

3. 发明授权

US6141585A Implantable cardiac stimulator with electrode-tissue interface characterization 失效
公开(公告)号：US6141585A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-31
申请号：US75144
申请日：1998-05-08
申请人： David Prutchi , Patrick J. Paul , Gregory R. Martin
发明人： David Prutchi , Patrick J. Paul , Gregory R. Martin
IPC分类号： A61M5/142 , A61M5/168 , A61N1/08 , A61N1/365 , A61N1/37 , A61N1/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/36521 , A61M5/142 , A61M5/16854 , A61N1/3706 , A61M5/14244 , A61N2001/083
摘要： A cardiac stimulator capable of measuring pacing impedance includes a tank capacitor for delivering charge to the heart via device leads, a shunt resistor, and high-impedance buffers for measuring pacing current through the shunt resistor. Soon after the leading edge of the stimulation pulse, the voltage across the shunt resistor, as sampled by a high-impedance buffer, indicates lead and cardiac tissue resistance. Just prior to opening the pacing switch to terminate the stimulation pulse, the voltage across the shunt resistor is sampled by a high-impedance buffer and held once again to allow the capacitance of the lead/heart tissue to be calculated. In alternative embodiments, a high-impedance buffer measures the voltage between the tank capacitor and ground immediately following the stimulation pulse to allow estimation of the lead/heart tissue capacitance. In one alternative embodiment, a look-up table is created in main memory and searched to find the closest lead/heart tissue capacitance estimate to any arbitrary degree of accuracy. In another alternative embodiment, the lead/heart tissue capacitance is estimated by successive approximation to any arbitrary degree of accuracy. When the lead/heart tissue capacitance and lead resistance have been determined, a plurality of parameters of importance for analyzing and optimizing a cardiac stimulation system may be calculated, such as the instantaneous current, the average current, the charge, and the energy delivered to the cardiac tissue.

4. 发明授权

US07200441B2 Implantable cardiac stimulator with electrode-tissue interface characterization 有权
标题翻译：具有电极 - 组织界面表征的植入式心脏刺激器
公开(公告)号：US07200441B2
公开(公告)日：2007-04-03
申请号：US10872637
申请日：2004-06-21
申请人： David Prutchi , Patrick J. Paul , Gregory R. Martin
发明人： David Prutchi , Patrick J. Paul , Gregory R. Martin
IPC分类号： A61N1/37
CPC分类号： A61N1/36521 , A61M5/142 , A61M5/14244 , A61M5/16854 , A61N1/3706 , A61N2001/083
摘要： A cardiac stimulator for measuring pacing impedance includes a tank capacitor for delivering charge to the heart via leads, a shunt resistor, and high-impedance buffers for measuring pacing current through the shunt resistor. During the stimulation pulse, the voltage across the shunt resistor, as sampled by a high-impedance buffer, variously indicates lead and cardiac tissue resistance or capacitance. A high-impedance buffer measures the voltage between the tank capacitor and ground immediately following the stimulation pulse to allow estimation of the lead/heart tissue capacitance. A lead/heart tissue capacitance estimate is determined by look-up table is in memory or successive approximation. When the lead/heart tissue capacitance and lead resistance have been determined, a plurality of parameters for analyzing and optimizing a cardiac stimulation system may be calculated, such as the instantaneous current, the average current, the charge, and the energy delivered to the cardiac tissue.
摘要翻译：用于测量起搏阻抗的心脏刺激器包括用于通过引线，分流电阻器和用于测量通过分流电阻器的起搏电流的高阻抗缓冲器向心脏输送电荷的储能电容器。在刺激脉冲期间，由高阻抗缓冲器取样的分流电阻器两端的电压会不同地表示铅和心脏组织的电阻或电容。高阻抗缓冲器测量紧跟刺激脉冲之后的电容器和地之间的电压，以便估计引线/心脏组织电容。引导/心脏组织电容估计由查找表确定为存储器或逐次逼近。当确定了引线/心脏组织电容和引线电阻时，可以计算用于分析和优化心脏刺激系统的多个参数，例如瞬时电流，平均电流，电荷和输送到心脏的能量组织。

5. 发明授权

US06473648B1 Implantable cardiac stimulator with electrode-tissue interface characterization 有权
标题翻译：具有电极 - 组织界面表征的植入式心脏刺激器
公开(公告)号：US06473648B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-29
申请号：US09454619
申请日：1999-12-06
申请人： David Prutchi , Patrick J. Paul , Gregory R. Martin
发明人： David Prutchi , Patrick J. Paul , Gregory R. Martin
IPC分类号： A61N1362
CPC分类号： A61N1/36521 , A61M5/142 , A61M5/14244 , A61M5/16854 , A61N1/3706 , A61N2001/083
摘要： A cardiac stimulator capable of measuring pacing impedance includes a tank capacitor for delivering charge to the heart via device leads, a shunt resistor, and high-impedance buffers for measuring pacing current through the shunt resistor. Soon after the leading edge of the stimulation pulse, the voltage across the shunt resistor, as sampled by a high-impedance buffer, indicates lead and cardiac tissue resistance. Just prior to opening the pacing switch to terminate the stimulation pulse, the voltage across the shunt resistor is sampled by a high-impedance buffer and held once again to allow the capacitance of the lead/heart tissue to be calculated. In alternative embodiments, a high-impedance buffer measures the voltage between the tank capacitor and ground immediately following the stimulation pulse to allow estimation of the lead/heart tissue capacitance. In one alternative embodiment, a look-up table is created in main memory and searched to find the closest lead/heart tissue capacitance estimate to any arbitrary degree of accuracy. In another alternative embodiment, the lead/heart tissue capacitance is estimated by successive approximation to any arbitrary degree of accuracy. When the lead/heart tissue capacitance and lead resistance have been determined, a plurality of parameters of importance for analyzing and optimizing a cardiac stimulation system may be calculated, such as the instantaneous current, the average current, the charge, and the energy delivered to the cardiac tissue.
摘要翻译：能够测量起搏阻抗的心脏刺激器包括用于通过器件引线将电荷递送到心脏的储能电容器，分流电阻器和用于测量通过分流电阻器的起搏电流的高阻抗缓冲器。在刺激脉冲的前沿之后不久，由高阻抗缓冲液取样的分流电阻器两端的电压表示铅和心脏组织的电阻。在打开起搏开关以终止刺激脉冲之前，分流电阻器两端的电压由高阻抗缓冲器采样，并再次保持以允许计算铅/心脏组织的电容。在替代实施例中，高阻抗缓冲器在刺激脉冲之后立即测量储能电容器和地之间的电压，以允许对铅/心脏组织电容的估计。在一个备选实施例中，在主存储器中创建查找表并搜索以找到任何任意精度的最接近的引导/心脏组织电容估计。在另一替代实施例中，通过逐次逼近任何任意精度来估计引导/心脏组织电容。当确定了铅/心脏组织电容和引线电阻时，可以计算多个用于分析和优化心脏刺激系统的参数，例如瞬时电流，平均电流，电荷和递送至心脏组织。

6. 发明授权

US06507759B1 Implantable device with digital waveform telemetry 有权
标题翻译：带数字波形遥测的植入式设备
公开(公告)号：US06507759B1
公开(公告)日：2003-01-14
申请号：US09369068
申请日：1999-08-05
申请人： David Prutchi , Patrick J. Paul
发明人： David Prutchi , Patrick J. Paul
IPC分类号： A61N108
CPC分类号： A61N1/37252 , Y10S128/903
摘要： A technique for acquiring and accessing information from a medical implantable device is provided. Analog waveforms of interest are sensed and processed by signal acquisition circuitry. Analog parameters of interest are applied to selector switches which are controlled by a logic circuit. The logic circuit is also coupled an A/D converter for converting the analog signals to digital values. The digital values are stored in dedicated registers and are available for telemetry to an external device upon receipt of a request or prompt signal. When a digitized value is accessed and telemetered, the control logic circuit changes the conductive state of the selector switches to apply the corresponding analog signal to the A/D converter. The resulting digital value is applied to the corresponding register to refresh the accessed and telemetered value. The technique permits the external device to request and configure the implanted device to send only digitized values of interest. The technique also makes efficient use of the A/D converter, which consumes energy only as needed to refresh the memory when digital values are accessed and telemetered.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于从医用可植入装置获得和访问信息的技术。感兴趣的模拟波形由信号采集电路感测和处理。感兴趣的模拟参数应用于由逻辑电路控制的选择器开关。逻辑电路还耦合有A / D转换器，用于将模拟信号转换为数字值。数字值存储在专用寄存器中，可在接收到请求或提示信号时向外部设备进行遥测。当访问和遥测数字化值时，控制逻辑电路改变选择器开关的导通状态，以将相应的模拟信号施加到A / D转换器。所得到的数字值被应用于相应的寄存器以刷新访问和遥测值。该技术允许外部设备请求和配置植入的设备以仅发送感兴趣的数字化值。该技术还有效地利用了A / D转换器，仅在需要访问和遥测数字值时根据需要消耗能量来刷新存储器。

7. 发明授权

US6112121A Implantable medical device with positive indication of lead connection and connector therefor 有权
标题翻译：可植入医疗器械，具有引线连接和连接器的正面指示
公开(公告)号：US6112121A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-29
申请号：US150124
申请日：1998-09-09
申请人： Patrick J. Paul , David Prutchi
发明人： Patrick J. Paul , David Prutchi
IPC分类号： A61N1/375
CPC分类号： A61N1/3752
摘要： An implantable medical device including an enclosure and a header portion attached to the enclosure. The header includes a lead cavity into which a lead can be inserted. The lead cavity includes a compression device, such as a spring, for aligning a highly visible indicator plunger at least partially hidden from view inside the volume defined by an annular electrode, or other opaque object, partially surrounding the lead cavity. The plunger includes at least a portion that is easily visible to a surgeon during implantation of the medical device. When a lead is inserted into the lead cavity, the end of the lead pushes against the indicator plunger thereby moving the plunger and compressing the spring. When the lead is fully inserted into the lead cavity, the plunger becomes visible as it is pushed away from the volume defined by the annular electrode. In this way, the plunger provides a positive indication that the lead has been fully inserted into the header. The annular electrode may also include a retaining surface that will contact a corresponding surface on the plunger should the plunger break loose from the spring. This feature helps to keep the plunger from migrating from the header into the body should the plunger break away from the spring.
摘要翻译：一种可植入医疗装置，其包括外壳和附接到外壳的头部部分。头部包括引线腔，引线可插入该引线腔中。引导腔包括诸如弹簧的压缩装置，用于将高度可见的指示器柱塞对准，该高度可见的指示器柱塞至少部分地隐藏在由环形电极或部分围绕引线腔的其它不透明物体限定的体积内。柱塞包括至少一部分，其在植入医疗装置期间对外科医生容易看到。当引线插入引线腔时，引线的端部推压指示器柱塞，从而移动柱塞并压缩弹簧。当引线完全插入引线腔中时，柱塞被从远离由环形电极限定的体积推开时可见。以这种方式，柱塞提供铅指示已被完全插入到头部中的肯定指示。环形电极还可以包括保持表面，该保持表面将在活塞从弹簧松开时接触柱塞上的对应表面。如果柱塞远离弹簧，该功能有助于保持柱塞不会从集管移动到主体内。

8. 发明授权

US5978710A Implantable cardiac stimulator with safe noise mode 失效
标题翻译：具有安全噪音模式的可植入心脏刺激器
公开(公告)号：US5978710A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-02
申请号：US12854
申请日：1998-01-23
申请人： David Prutchi , Patrick J. Paul
发明人： David Prutchi , Patrick J. Paul
IPC分类号： A61N1/365 , A61N1/37
CPC分类号： A61N1/37 , A61N1/3718 , Y10S128/901
摘要： An implantable medical device for electrically stimulating the heart to beat generally includes a processor, a plurality of electrodes, a sense amplifier, a pulse generator, and a heart status monitor. The processor can determine when the patient has entered an environment of high electromagnetic interference. When this occurs, the processor forces the implantable device into a safe noise mode. While in the same noise mode (which preferably continues while the patient is experiencing the electromagnetic interference), the implantable device paces the heart on demand and inhibits pacing during the vulnerable period. The processor determines when the vulnerable period is occurring and when the heart needs to be paced by monitoring a status signal from the heart status monitor. The status signal generated by the heart status monitor preferably is not sensitive to the electromagnetic interference, and thus the processor can determine the bio-mechanical state of the heart during a cardiac cycle even in the face of high electromagnetic interference. The heart status monitor preferably includes an impedance measurement circuit, but may include any type of cardiac sensor that can generate a status signal from which the processor can determine the beginning and ending of the vulnerable period. Accordingly, even during a period of high electromagnetic interference, the implantable device can provide on demand pacing support to the patient.
摘要翻译：用于电激励心跳的可植入医疗装置通常包括处理器，多个电极，感测放大器，脉冲发生器和心脏状态监视器。处理器可以确定患者何时进入高电磁干扰的环境。当这种情况发生时，处理器迫使可植入装置进入安全噪声模式。虽然在相同的噪音模式（其优选地在患者经历电磁干扰的情况下继续），但是可植入装置根据需要对心脏起搏并且在脆弱时期期间抑制起搏。处理器确定何时发生脆弱时期，何时需要通过监测来自心脏状态监视器的状态信号来调整心脏。由心脏状态监视器产生的状态信号优选地对电磁干扰不敏感，因此即使面对高电磁干扰，处理器也可以在心动周期期间确定心脏的生物机械状态。心脏状态监视器优选地包括阻抗测量电路，但是可以包括可以生成状态信号的任何类型的心脏传感器，处理器可以从该状态信号确定脆弱周期的开始和结束。因此，即使在高电磁干扰的时段期间，可植入装置也可以向患者提供按需的起搏支持。

9. 发明授权

US06525986B2 Stackable microelectronic components with self-addressing scheme 失效
公开(公告)号：US06525986B2
公开(公告)日：2003-02-25
申请号：US09767040
申请日：2001-01-22
申请人： David Prutchi , Patrick J. Paul
发明人： David Prutchi , Patrick J. Paul
IPC分类号： G11C800
CPC分类号： A61N1/375 , H01L24/73 , H01L25/0657 , H01L2224/05554 , H01L2224/32145 , H01L2224/32225 , H01L2224/48091 , H01L2224/48137 , H01L2224/48145 , H01L2224/48147 , H01L2224/48227 , H01L2224/49175 , H01L2224/73265 , H01L2225/06506 , H01L2225/0651 , H01L2225/06555 , H01L2225/06562 , H01L2924/01019 , H01L2924/14 , H01L2924/00 , H01L2924/00012 , H01L2924/00014
摘要： A memory device particularly useful in size-constrained electronic products, such as cardiac stimulators. To provide additional memory for such size-constrained products, memory chips are stacked one on top of another. The memory chips are configured to facilitate bonding without crossed contacts, using aligned bonding pads, vias, or castellations. Each memory chip also includes an address selection circuit that receives signals from one or more address lines to selectively enable and disable the memory chips in the stack.

10. 发明授权

US06208579B1 Stackable microelectronic components with self-addressing scheme 有权
标题翻译：具有自寻址方案的可堆叠微电子元件
公开(公告)号：US06208579B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-27
申请号：US09347841
申请日：1999-07-02
申请人： David Prutchi , Patrick J. Paul
发明人： David Prutchi , Patrick J. Paul
IPC分类号： G11C800
CPC分类号： A61N1/375 , H01L24/73 , H01L25/0657 , H01L2224/05554 , H01L2224/32145 , H01L2224/32225 , H01L2224/48091 , H01L2224/48137 , H01L2224/48145 , H01L2224/48147 , H01L2224/48227 , H01L2224/49175 , H01L2224/73265 , H01L2225/06506 , H01L2225/0651 , H01L2225/06555 , H01L2225/06562 , H01L2924/01019 , H01L2924/14 , H01L2924/00 , H01L2924/00012 , H01L2924/00014
摘要： A memory device particularly useful in size-constrained electronic products, such as cardiac stimulators. To provide additional memory for such size-constrained products, memory chips are stacked one on top of another. The memory chips are configured to facilitate bonding without crossed contacts, using aligned bonding pads, vias, or castellations. Each memory chip also includes an address selection circuit that receives signals from one or more address lines to selectively enable and disable the memory chips in the stack.
摘要翻译：在尺寸受限的电子产品中特别有用的记忆装置，例如心脏刺激器。为了为这种尺寸受限的产品提供额外的存储器，存储器芯片被堆叠在另一个之上。存储器芯片被配置为便于使用对准的接合焊盘，通孔或蓖体的无交叉接触的接合。每个存储器芯片还包括地址选择电路，其接收来自一个或多个地址线的信号以选择性地启用和禁用堆叠中的存储器芯片。

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